隐孢子虫3种检测方法比较

为建立一套行之有效的隐孢子虫灭活效果评价方法,在构建鸡源隐孢子虫C. baileyi动物模型的基础上,选用3种检测方法（抗酸染色、饱和蔗糖悬浮镜检和荧光检测）,对鸡源隐孢子虫进行镜检、数量统计,并比较3种方法的优劣及适用范围。结果显示：荧光染色法具有最佳的检测效率（检出数量为改良抗酸染色法,饱和蔗糖悬浮镜检法的2.1和2.6倍;检测时间为120 min）,并能够进行隐孢子虫的活性鉴定,可以作为饮用水消毒剂灭活隐孢子虫的评定方法,是一种高效、简便、较为廉价,并具有较大发展前景的检测方法。     

上海大雾气候特征及风险区划研究

大雾作为一种比较常见的灾害性天气,对交通运输和人体健康等都会造成严重的影响。基于上海市11个气象站1971-2000年的大雾数据和城市基础地理信息,利用地理信息系统和层次分析法,结合专家调查法,建立了上海市大雾风险的评价指标体系和权重,开展了上海市大雾的风险特征及地理区划研究,获得了1 km空间分辨率的上海大雾气候特征图、上海城市对大雾敏感性特征图和上海市大雾风险区划图。初步研究表明,这种方法对城市大雾评估和风险区划是可行的。     

基于马尔可夫链模型的铝合金预腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展表征

本文基于腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展数据的分散性及统计特性,提出用马尔可夫链模型模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展,得到给定应力循环次数时的裂纹长度概率分布。结果表明,马尔可夫链模型能够很好地模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展情况,为飞机结构的寿命预测和可靠性分析提供参考。     

Comparison of coagulation performance and floc properties of a novel zirconium-glycine complex coagulant with traditional coagulants

A new inorganic-organic hybrid material zirconium-glycine complex (ZGC) was firstly used as a coagulant in a coagulation process to treat Pearl River raw water. Its coagulation performance was compared with commonly used aluminum (Al) coagulants such as aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC), in terms of water quality parameters and floc properties. ZGC coagulation achieved higher removal of turbidity (93.8 %) than other traditional coagulants. Charge neutralization was proven to act as a dominant mechanism during ZGC coagulation. The aggregated flocs with ZGC showed the fastest growth rate and good recovery ability compared with the other coagulants and achieved the largest floc size within 5 min. The ZGC coagulant can decrease the hydraulic retention time and increase removal efficiency.     

漠河森林防火安全现状及评述

在2007年东北地区绿色营活动中,对曾发生过"5.6"特大森林火灾的漠河县防火安全现状进行了考察.走访了林业局、防火办公室和林场,取得了一线防火资料,调查了职工防火方面的意识和习惯.并且结合当地地理气候等背景,提出了一些更加利于今后可持续化发展的防火安全措施建议.     

丽江市古城区污水处理厂扩建工程的启动调试及运行

丽江市污水处理厂扩建工程处理规模为1万m3/d,采用了改良型ICEAS工艺。该污水处理系统的启动调试内容,包括调试前的准备工作以及活性污泥的培养与驯化。活性污泥培养驯化历时50 d左右,活性污泥絮体基本形成,生物相基本稳定,处理效果显著,出水各项指标达标。在进水BOD低营养源不足的不利条件下,成功完成了该污水处理厂的启动调试和活性污泥培养驯化,对指导污水厂的调试运行有着重要的意义。     

Alga-lysing bioreactor and the dominant bacteria strain

Alga-lysing bacteria have been paid much attention to in recent years. In this study, the alga-lysing strain P05 which was isolated from an immobilizing biosystem was immobilized by coke and elastic filler, forming two biological reactors. The removal efficiencies of algae, NH3-N and organic matter using the two reactors were studied. The results showed that strain P05 was an ideal algal-lysing bacteria strain because it was easy to be immobilized by coke and elastic filler which are of cheap, low biodegradability and the simple immobilization procedure. After 7 d filming, the biological film could be formed and the reactors were used to treat the eutrophic water. These two reactors were of stability and high effect with low cost and easy operation. The optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of each reactor was 4 h. The algae removal rates were 80.38% and 82.1% (in term of Chl-a) of coke reactor and filler reactor, respectively. And that of NH3-N were 52.3% and 52.7%. The removal rates of CODMn were 39.03% and 39.64%. The strain P05 was identified as Bacillus sp. by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, BLAST analysis, and comparison with sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database.     

特种方舱铁路运输异常调车纵向冲击试验研究

目的 针对特种方舱铁路运输,明确异常调车纵向冲击试验方法,并掌握异常纵向冲击安全性边界.方法 首先开展"一车冲一车"、"一车冲三车"铁路冲击对比试验,获得2种工况下的冲击特性数据.然后,基于冲击试验获得的缓冲器性能,建立特种方舱铁路运输调车作业动力学模型,研究冲击模式下不同冲击速度的纵向冲击特性.结果 试验工况1(冲击...     

基于基本顶断裂位置分析剩余煤柱稳定性

为简化支承应力表达式及全面分析煤柱稳定性,基于基本顶断裂位置建立工作面剩余煤柱载荷力学模型,将指数函数型支承应力曲线简化为与其拟合的幂函数抛物线,推导出剩余煤柱载荷及极限宽度B表达式。计算得出312工作面基本顶断裂位置与非开采帮塑性区边缘距离d为8.6～11.5 m,B为8.06～8.85 m。研究结果表明：随着d增加,煤柱载荷及B均逐渐增大;B随煤层黏聚力与内摩擦角的增加而减小,随煤层埋深、应力集中系数、侧压力系数、煤层厚度及工作面采高的增加而增大。研究结果有助于更加全面地分析煤柱稳定性,为工程实践提供一定理论指导。     

利用Excel绘制监测数据百分位数矩形图

本文介绍了一种在Excel中绘制百分位数矩形图的方法,通过制作制图数据表模板和百分位数图模板,可方便地绘制基于不同站点或时段监测数据的百分位数矩形图,数据与图表自动链接,确保图形的准确,亦可根据需要对图形进行灵活的变换。