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971.
几种大气污染扩散模式应用比较表明:CAPPS模式应用于国内一些城市空气污染预报,方法简单;NAQPM模式对物理、化学过程的处理、气象场模拟、污染源排放、地域环境特征、数据处理分析与计算均采用较为科学的方案;ISC在污染源排放清单和气象参数确定方面更加细致、准确;ADMS的主要特色是应用的多功能性,主要用于环境容量测算、环境质量评价方面以及大气污染预报等;Models-3模式对各种大气污染物浓度分布实施有效预测,进行较为全面的空气质量控制策略的评估.大气污染扩散模式的不断完善,使得空气质量控制和管理更加富有成果. 相似文献
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973.
利用城市垃圾筛上物制备RDF可以实现垃圾处理的减量化和资源化。研究了北京市城市生活垃圾筛上物制备RDF的工艺条件,探讨不同成型压力、含水率以及助燃剂含量对RDF成型特性的影响,在此基础上研究添加CaO对其燃烧特性的影响。结果表明:含水率10%,成型压力1 MPa的RDF在加入1%的KClO4后成型较好,燃烧后残渣少。随着CaO添加量的增加,RDF燃烧SO2的释放量减少;而当CaO添加量大于2%时,HCl的释放量基本保持不变。在RDF中加入CaO可以将其中的氯元素和硫元素有效固定在残渣中,从而有效减少了酸性气体排放。 相似文献
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976.
以水杨酸(Salicylic Acid,SA)为模型探针分子,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究了UV/H2O2、UV/O3和O3等高级氧化工艺的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。实验结果表明,在SA初始浓度40mg/L,反应时间10min,氧化剂投加量2mmol/L的条件下,2,5-DHBA和2,3-DHBA为水杨酸与·OH反应的主要中间产物。三种高级氧化工艺中,UV/H2O2体系具有最高的羟基自由基(·OH)产生效率。 相似文献
977.
为拓宽粉煤灰免烧陶粒的应用范围,使免烧法得以推广,本实验通过激发粉煤灰的潜在活性并选用污水厂剩余污泥为添加剂的方法制备免烧陶粒,使产品比市售烧结陶粒更适用于污水处理领域,为粉煤灰、污泥的处理提供一条经济合理的途径。实验对粉煤灰活性激发机理、污泥添加作用和陶粒物相组成(XRD)进行研究。制备陶粒产品的主要性能指标是破碎率1.9%,,表观密度为1667kg/m3,比表面积7.84m2/g。将制备免烧陶粒和市售烧结陶粒投入曝气生物滤池处理生活污水,结果表明利用污泥为添加剂,可在一定条件下制备出适用于BAF的性能优良的功能陶粒,达到经济节能、变废为宝的目的。 相似文献
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979.
Sheng Huang Xin Zhao Yanqiu Sun Jianli Ma Xiaofeng Gao Tian Xie Dongsheng Xu Yi Yu Youcai Zhao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2017,11(1):12
Exploration of heavy metals and organic pollutants, their leaching capacity along with health and environmental risks in contaminated industrial construction and demolition waste (ICDW) within a pesticide manufacturing plant were investigated. A maximum content of 90.8 mg?kg–1 Cd was found present in the wastes, which might originate from phosphorus rocks and industrial sulfuric acid used in pesticide production processes. An average concentration of 979.8 mg?kg–1 dichlorovos and other 11 organophosphorus pesticide were also detected. Relatively high leaching rates of around 4.14‰were obtained from laboratory simulated ICDW using both glacial acetic acid-sodium hydroxide and deionized water. Pesticide pollutants had the strongest tendency to retaining on dry bricks (leaching rate 1.68‰) compared to mortar-coatings, etc. due to their different physical characteristics and octanol-water partioning coefficient. Mobility of pesticide from on-site ICDW by water was spatially correlated to waste types, process sections and human activities, with a flux of leaching rate between 5.9‰ to 27.4%. Risk-based corrective action (RBCA) model was used to simulate the risk of contaminated ICDW debris randomly scattered. Oral and dermal ingestion amount by local workers was 9.8 × 10–3 and 1.9 × 10–2 mg?(kg?d)–1, respectively. Potential leaching risk to aquatic systems exceeded the limit for nearly 75% waste. Environmental and health risk exceedance was found in most ICDW, while the risk value of the most severely contaminated brick waste was 660 times beyond critical level. Implications for waste management involving construction and deconstruction work, waste transferring and regulation supplying were also provided.
相似文献
980.
Yulong Shi Jiaxuan Yang Jun Ma Congwei Luo 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2017,11(6):10
A novel, functionalized bubble surface can be obtained in dissolved air flotation (DAF) by dosing chemicals in the saturator. In this study, different cationic chemicals were used as bubble surface modifiers, and their effects on natural organic matter (NOM) removal from river water were investigated. NOM in the samples was fractionated based on molecular weight and hydrophobicity. The disinfection byproduct formation potentials of each fraction and their removal efficiencies were also evaluated. The results showed that chitosan was the most promising bubble modifier compared with a surfactant and a synthetic polymer. Tiny bubbles in the DAF pump system facilitated the adsorption of chitosan onto microbubble surfaces. The hydrophobic NOM fraction was preferentially removed by chitosan-modified bubbles. Decreasing the recycle water pH from 7.0 to 5.5 improved the removal of hydrophilic NOM with low molecular weight. Likewise, hydrophilic organic compounds gave high dihaloacetic acid yields in raw water. An enhanced reduction of haloacetic acid precursors was obtained with recycle water at pH values of 5.5 and 4.0. The experimental results indicate that NOM fractions may interact with bubbles through different mechanisms. Positive bubble modification provides an alternative approach for DAF to enhance NOM removal.
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