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61.
Milanović Maja Đurić Larisa Milošević Nataša Milić Nataša 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(10):25119-25140
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Humans are exposed to the variety of emerging environmental pollutant in everyday life. The special concern is paid to endocrine disrupting chemicals... 相似文献
62.
63.
Klobučar GI Malev O Šrut M Štambuk A Lorenzon S Cvetković Ž Ferrero EA Maguire I 《Chemosphere》2012,87(1):62-67
Genotoxicity of freshwater pollution was assessed by measuring DNA damage in haemocytes of caged freshwater crayfish Astacus leptodactylus by the means of Comet assay and micronucleus test, integrated with the measurements of physiological (total protein concentration) and immunological (total haemocyte count) haemolymph parameters as biomarkers of undergone stress. Crayfish were collected at the reference site (River Mre?nica) and exposed in cages for 1 week at three polluted sites along the Sava River (Zagreb, Sisak, Krapje). The long term pollution status of these locations was confirmed by chemical analyses of sediments. Statistically significant increase in DNA damage measured by the Comet assay was observed at all three polluted sites comparing to the crayfish from reference site. In addition, native crayfish from the mildly polluted site (Krapje) cage-exposed on another polluted site (Zagreb) showed lower DNA damage than crayfish from the reference site exposed at the same location indicating adaptation and acclimatisation of crayfish to lower levels of pollution. Micronuclei induction showed similar gradient of DNA damage as Comet assay, but did not reach the statistical significance. Observed increase in total haemocyte count and total protein content in crayfish from polluted environments in the Sava River also confirmed stress caused by exposure to pollution. The results of this study have proved the applicability of caging exposure of freshwater crayfish A. leptodactylus in environmental genotoxicity monitoring using Comet assay and micronucleus test. 相似文献
64.
Maja Pociecha 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(8):2710-2715
Recycling chelant is a precondition for cost-effective EDTA-based soil remediation. Extraction with EDTA removed 67.5% of Pb from the contaminated soil and yielded washing solution with 1535 mg L−1 Pb and 33.4 mM EDTA. Electrochemical treatment of the washing solution using Al anode, current density 96 mA cm−2 and pH 10 removed 90% of Pb from the solution (by electrodeposition on the stainless steel cathode) while the concentration of EDTA in the treated solution remained the same. The obtained data indicate that the Pb in the EDTA complex was replaced by electro-corroded Al after electro-reduction of the EDTA and subsequently removed from the solution. Additional soil extraction with the treated washing solution resulted in total removal of 87% of Pb from the contaminated soil. The recycled EDTA retained the Pb extraction potential through several steps of soil extraction and washing solution treatment, although part of the EDTA was lost by soil absorption. 相似文献
65.
Birgit Daus Michael Hempel Holger Weiss 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(11):3439-3444
Groundwater polluted with phenylarsenicals from former warfare agent deposits and their metabolites was investigated with respect to the behavior of relevant arsenic species. Depth profiles at the estimated source and at about 1 km downgradient from the source zone were sampled. The source zone is characterized by high total arsenic concentrations up to 16 mg L−1 and is dominated by organic arsenic compounds. The concentrations in the downgradient region are much lower (up to 400 μg L−1) and show a high proportion of inorganic arsenic species. Iron precipitation seems to be an effective mechanism to prevent dispersion of inorganic arsenic as well as phenylarsonic acid. Reductive conditions were observed in the deeper zone with predominant occurrence of trivalent arsenic species. The inorganic species are in redox equilibrium, whereas the phenylarsenic compounds have variable proportions. Methylphenylarsinic acid was identified in groundwater in traces which indicates microbial degradation activity. 相似文献
66.
Community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated to Veronica rechingeri at the Anguran zinc and lead mining region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zarei M König S Hempel S Nekouei MK Savaghebi G Buscot F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):1277-1283
Root colonization and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were analyzed in Veronica rechingeri growing in heavy metal (HM) and non-polluted soils of the Anguran Zn and Pb mining region (Iran). Three species could be separated morphologically, while phylogenetic analyses after PCR amplification of the ITS region followed by RFLP and sequencing revealed seven different AMF sequence types all within the genus Glomus. Rarefaction analysis confirmed exhaustive molecular characterization of the AMF diversity present within root samples. Increasing heavy metal contamination between the sites studied was accompanied by a decrease in AMF spore numbers, mycorrhizal colonization parameters and the number of AMF sequence types colonizing the roots. Some AMF sequence types were only found at sites with the highest and lowest soil HM contents, respectively. 相似文献
67.
Sonne C Wolkers H Leifsson PS Jenssen BM Fuglei E Ahlstrøm O Dietz R Kirkegaard M Muir DC Jørgensen E 《Chemosphere》2008,71(7):1214-1224
The effects of persistent organic pollutants on renal and liver morphology in farmed arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) were studied under experimental conditions. Control animals received a diet containing pork (Sus scrofa) fat with low amounts of persistent organic pollutants, while the diet of the exposed animals contained whale blubber, 'naturally' contaminated with persistent organic pollutants. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticide (OCP) concentrations in the whale blubber were 488 and 395 ng/g wet weight, respectively. Animals were sacrificed and sampled when they were at their fattest (winter) as well as their lowest body weight (summer). The results show that PCB and OCP exposure causes renal (and probably also liver) lesions in arctic foxes. The prevalence of glomerular, tubular and interstitial lesions was significantly highest in the exposed group (chi-square: all p<0.05). The frequency of liver lesions (steatosis, intravascular granulocyte accumulations, interstitial cell infiltrations, lipid granulomas, portal fibrosis and bile duct hyperplasia) were also highest in the exposed group, although not significantly (chi-square: all p>0.05). The prevalence of lesions was not significantly different between lean (winter) and fat (summer) foxes for any of the lesions (chi-square: all p>0.05). We suggest that wild arctic foxes exposed to an environmental cocktail of persistent organic pollutants, such as PCBs and OCPs, in their natural diet are at risk for developing chronic kidney and liver damage. Whether such lesions may have an impact on age and health of the animals remains uncertain. 相似文献
68.
We used a GIS-based approach to examine the influence of road density and physical watershed features (watershed size, wetland
cover, and bedrock type) on water quality in coastal marshes of Georgian Bay, Ontario. We created a GIS that included landscape
information and water-quality data from a 9-year synoptic survey of 105 coastal marshes covering 28 quaternary watersheds.
Multiple regressions and partial correlations were used to discern confounding effects of human-induced (road density) versus
natural physical watershed determinants of water quality. Road density was the dominant factor influencing many water quality
variables, showing positive correlations with specific conductivity (COND), total suspended solids (TSS), and inorganic suspended
solids (ISS) and a negative correlation with overall Water Quality Index scores. Road density also showed positive correlations
with total nitrate nitrogen (TNN) and total phosphorus (TP). By comparison, larger watershed area was the main factor leading
to elevated TP concentrations. The proportion of the watershed occupied by wetlands explained the largest amount of variation
in TNN concentrations (negative correlation) and was also negatively correlated with COND and positively correlated with TSS
and ISS when we controlled for road density. Bedrock type did not have a significant effect in any of the models. Our findings
suggest that road density is currently the overriding factor governing water quality of coastal marshes in Georgian Bay during
the summer low-flow period. We recommend that natural variation in physical watershed characteristics be considered when developing
water quality standards and management practices for freshwater coastal areas. 相似文献
69.
Efficiency of recycled wool-based nonwoven material for the removal of oils from water 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The aim of this study was to highlight the potential use of recycled wool-based nonwoven material for the removal of diesel fuel, crude, base, vegetable and motor oil from water. Sorption capacity of the material in water and in oil without water, oil retention, sorbent reusability and buoyancy in static and dynamic conditions were investigated. The results show high sorption capacity of recycled wool for different kinds of oil. This sorbent also exhibited excellent buoyancy after 24h of sorption as well as a good reusability since the decrease in sorption capacity did not exceed 50% of the initial value after five sorption cycles in oil without water. 相似文献
70.
Environmental risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals: development of a standard laboratory test with the dung beetle Aphodius constans 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The environmental risk assessment of veterinary pharmaceuticals for dung beetles is required if the substance is an anti-parasiticide for the treatment of pasture animals. However, the demonstration of the environmental safety of those substances for dung fauna is hampered by the fact that no standardized laboratory test system is currently available. Here a test system using the temperate dung beetle species Aphodius (Agrilinus) constans (Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) Duftschmidt is described. The survival of first instar larvae of A. constans exposed to a model substance, dimethoate, spiked into formulated (i.e. dried, formulated and re-wetted) or fresh dung was measured over a period of three weeks. Larvae performed better in formulated dung which also proved to be more suitable for mixing-in test substances homogenously. Dimethoate caused significant larval mortality with LC50 values within a range of 1.3-2.8 mg a.s./kg dung (d.w.), depending on the dung type. Based on the data presented here, it is recommended to incorporate this new test system in the risk assessment process for veterinary pharmaceuticals. However, an international ringtest should to be performed beforehand to ensure adequate validation of the method. 相似文献