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141.
The least‐cost biodiversity impact mitigation hierarchy with a focus on marine fisheries and bycatch issues
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Least‐cost implementation of the mitigation hierarchy of impacts on biodiversity minimizes the cost of a given level of biodiversity conservation, at project or ecosystem levels, and requires minimizing costs across and within hierarchy steps. Incentive‐based policy instruments that price biodiversity to alter producer and consumer behavior and decision making are generally the most effective way to achieve least‐cost implementation across and within the different hierarchy steps and across all producers and conservation channels. Nonetheless, there are circumstances that favor direct regulation or intrinsic motivation. Conservatory offsets, introduced within the conservatory first three steps of the mitigation hierarchy, rather than the fourth step to compensate the residual, provide an additional incentive‐based policy instrument. The least‐cost mitigation hierarchy framework, induced through incentive‐based policy instruments, including conservatory offsets, mitigates fisheries bycatch consistent with given targets, the Law of the Sea, and the Convention on Biological Diversity. 相似文献
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143.
Sanchez Rodriguez Mdel R Lugo Vazquez A Oliva Martinez MG Verver y Vargas JG Rodriguez Rocha A Peralta Soriano L 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(4):497-503
Taxonomical composition and abundance of the planktonic ciliate assemblage in a Lake Tezozomoc, a hypertrophic pond located into an urban park in Mexico City, was investigated along the rainy season (May to October). The aims of the study were to know the main trophic roles and ecological significance of ciliates in a highly productive environment. A low number of taxa (27) and a wide abundance fluctuation (104-387 cil ml(-1)) were found. The most abundant species (up to 162 cil ml(-1)) was Halteria grandinella, an oligotrich ciliate that graze on bacteria and picoplankton, but also several big body sized species that feed on pico and nanoplankton were abundant. Sudden temporal changes in species dominance occurred. Ciliate biomass was very high and fluctuated widely (1.6-88 10(6) microm(3) ml(-1)) being dominated by the >50 microm size fraction that mainly included the pico and nanoplankton feeders. Ciliates are a very important component in the plankton of hypertrophic lakes and their main control factor seems to be the grazing by big-body size Daphnia species. 相似文献
144.
Fagundes Soares Garcia AC Marcon AE Ferreira Dde M Barbosa dos Santos EA do Amaral VS de Medeiros SR 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(12):3329-3335
The present study evaluated the mutagenic potential of surface water from the Lucrecia dam. The Tradescantia-micronucleus (Trad-MCN) test and CBMN assay in human peripheral blood lymphocytes were applied, corresponding to an in vivo and in vitro system, respectively. Heavy metals and some physicochemical properties were also measured. Water samples were collected in November 2009 (dry season) and May 2010 (rainy season) at three different points. Results of both assays for raw water showed positive responses for the points analyzed when compared to the negative control. The CBMN assay showed that diluted water was still able to induce a significant increase in micronucleus frequency. For both assays, the highest mean MN was observed in the dry season. Chemical analyses detected an increase in heavy metal levels at the sampling points and in the different seasons. These findings indicate the presence of genotoxins, such as heavy metals, in the water, which may be affecting the entire ecosystem, as well as human health. More prolonged monitoring is recommended in order to better characterize this public water supply. 相似文献
145.
Fedra Bollatti Virginia Garcia Diaz Alfredo V. Peretti Anita Aisenberg 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2017,104(5-6):40
Mating partners need to recognize, assess each other, and exchange information through behavioral events that occur before, during, and after mating. Sexual signals, as well as life history traits, are influenced by selective pressures and environmental factors that can vary across distant geographical areas. Allocosa senex is a sand-dwelling wolf spider which constructs burrows along the sandy coasts of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay. Females are the mobile sex that searches for males and initiates courtship. They prefer males which construct longer burrows, and males prefer virgin females in good body condition. The objective of this study was to compare sexual behavior patterns, as well as body characteristics and burrow dimensions, between two geographically distant locations of A. senex, one in Uruguay (Uruguayan location) and the other from central Argentina (Argentinean location). We found differences in the number of male abdominal vibrations, male and female touches during mating, and number of erections of male leg spines, which all were higher in matings of Argentinean pairs. On the other hand, male body mass and female body condition were higher in Uruguayan individuals. The wide distribution of A. senex could be determining variations in the biotic and abiotic features that affect the species, generating differences in the strength of selective forces acting on individuals from the two studied locations. 相似文献
146.
Louzon Maxime Devalloir Quentin Gimbert Frédéric Pauget Benjamin Rieffel Dominique de Vaufleury Annette 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):17343-17354
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - An accurate assessment of the environmental risk of soils contaminated by metal(loid)s (MEs) requires quantifying exposure and knowing the toxicity of... 相似文献
147.
Louzon Maxime Gimbert Frédéric Belly Thibault Amiot Caroline Pauget Benjamin de Vaufleury Annette Capelli Nicolas 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43629-43642
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To date, no study has linked the environmental and the ecogenotoxicological bioavailability of contaminants to land snails. Yet, understanding the... 相似文献
148.
Bigliardi Ana Paula dos Santos Marina Fernandes Caroline Lopes Feijo Garcia Edariane Menestrino dos Santos Marcelli Evans Telles Jones Marcus Herbert Soares Maria Cristina Flores Baisch Ana Luíza Muccillo da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(31):46803-46812
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coal mining and burning activities in coal-fired power plants are among the most polluting activities in developing countries. In Brazil, the Candiota... 相似文献
149.
Colpaert Romain Petit dit Grézériat Lucas Louzon Maxime de Vaufleury Annette Gimbert Frédéric 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29258-29267
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plastic has become the most widespread human-made material and small fragments (< 5mm, so called microplastics, MPs) accumulate in all the... 相似文献
150.