Distribution characteristics of nonylphenolic chemicals in Masan Bay environments, Korea

To understand the distribution characteristics of nonylphenolics and sterols, samples such as in creek water, sea surface water, waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluent water, sediment and mussel were collected and analyzed. The principal analytes are nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO), coprostanol (5beta) and cholestanol (5alpha). All these target pollutants showed 100% detection frequency in all of the samples analyzed. Total concentration of nonylphenolic compounds ranged from 334 to 3628ngl(-1) (average: 1331ngl(-1)) in creek water, from 15 to 36400ngl(-1) (average: 1013ngl(-1)) in sea surface water, from 131 to 2811ngg(-1) dry weight (average: 581ngg(-1) dry weight) in sediment and from 50.5 to 289ngg(-1) dry weight (average: 139ngg(-1) dry weight) in mussel. For water samples, levels of nonylphenolics determined in summer season were higher than those in spring season. Among them, nonylphenol and NP1EO was dominant in creek water and seawater, respectively. The highest concentration was recorded in sediment near a WWTP effluent outlet. And high levels of nonylphenolics and sterols were found in about 3km area surrounding WWTP effluent outlet. Coefficient of linear regression (R(2)) for NP in mussel and in sediment was 0.90. Similarly good correlation (R(2)=0.98) was obtained between concentration in water and in mussel indicating that a steady state has been reached in this bay. The calculated bio concentration factor (BCF=2990) for NP in Masan Bay agrees well with reported values in the literature.     

PU合成革废水治理分析

生产聚氨酯（PU）合成革的废水中含有高浓度有机物,其中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）毒性大,难生物降解。文章阐述了合成革的生产工艺。分析该过程中DMF废水形成阶段、处理现状及其处理方法。结合各种方法的优缺点,展望了DMF废水的处理研究方向。     

微波辅助法制备荧光氮化碳纳米材料及其在游离氯检测中的应用

在220 ℃下借助微波辅助溶剂热法,利用柠檬酸和三聚氰胺制备荧光氮化碳纳米材料(CNNPs),通过多种分析技术表征了制备的CNNPs.基于游离氯能快速猝灭CNNPs的荧光,将CNNPs做为荧光探针用于游离氯的定量测定,其荧光猝灭速度小于1 min;选择性响应实验和干扰实验表明该测定方法具有较好的灵敏度和选择性,游离氯的线性响应范围为0-80μmol·L-1,检测限低至0.22 μmol·L-1.该方法适用于实际水样中游离氯的检测.     

应用臭氧氧化技术深度处理油船含油压载水的实验研究

油船含油压载水大量排放入海会对海洋生态环境产生较大的危害。在研究中,通过强电离放电技术制取高浓度臭氧,应用臭氧氧化方法来深度处理含油压载水,模拟实验表明在臭氧投加浓度达到120mg/L,在较短的接触时间(2min)内,臭氧对不同浓度的含油压载水中的油去除率可达到50%以上,同时使芳香族类物质显著减少,降低含油污水的生物毒性,处理方法具有可观的应用前景。     

羽毛角蛋白海绵材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附去除

以羽毛角蛋白提取后产生的残渣为原料,采用简单物理法制得角蛋白海绵材料,通过扫描电镜和红外光谱对其表观形貌和表面结构进行表征,同时以亚甲基蓝染料作为实验对象,考察制得的海绵材料对其吸附特性和去除效果。结果表明,当吸附平衡时间为1 440 min、亚甲基蓝溶液初始浓度为100 mg/L、海绵材料投加量为0.06 g、反应温度为25℃、溶液pH为7.0时,海绵材料对亚甲基蓝的吸附去除率可达98%以上,同时由Langmuir等温吸附模型拟合结果可知,海绵材料对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附量可达151.5 mg/g。因此,将羽毛角蛋白提取后产生的残渣可制备良好的染料吸附剂,取得良好的环境效益。     

微波活化法制备加拿大一枝黄花活性炭及其性能表征

利用入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花为原料,采用在400℃氮气保护下,直接碳化90 min后,选择KOH为活化剂,微波活化的方法制备活性炭.研究了不同的KOH/C比值、微波功率及活化时间对活性炭吸附量及产率的影响.结果表明,最优活化条件为碱碳比2g/g、微波功率700w及微波辐射6 min,此时活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值、...     

GIS在广西香蕉低温冻害分析中的应用

根据香蕉生长状况、受害程度与低温冻害强度的关系,确定香蕉冻害的等级指标;利用广西90个气象台站30年的气候资料和台站地理信息,建立冻害指标的空间分析模型,采用GIS技术推算出1km×1km分辨率的冻害指标空间分布;并根据香蕉冻害分级指标,通过GIS的空间分析能力,分析了广西香蕉低温冻害的空间分布特征。     

重金属污染土壤植物修复研究进展

土壤重金属污染是当今世界面临的主要环境问题之一.植物修复定义为利用绿色植物去除环境中的污染物或使其无害化的生物技术.与传统环境修复技术相比,植物修复技术具有治理成本的低廉性,环境美学的兼容性,治理过程的原位性.本文主要对超富集植物的概念和特征、土壤重金属污染植物修复的方法和原理以及土壤重金属植物修复技术的强化措施进行了综述,并对植物修复的近期研究工作进行了展望.     

The distribution and availability of phosphorus fractions in restored cut slopes soil aggregates: a case study of subalpine road,Southwest China

● There was no significant difference in soil aggregates TP along altitude gradient. ● Overall, PAC dropped steadily as aggregate size increased. ● In soil aggregate sizes, TPi > TPo > R-P at 3009,3347 and 3654 m except 3980 m. ● Active NaHCO₃-Pi was the main AP source. ● Proportion of small aggregate sizes was emphasized to increase AP storage. The distribution and availability of phosphorus (P) fractions in restored cut slope soil aggregates, along altitude gradients, were analyzed. Samples were collected at 3009, 3347, 3654 and 3980 m of altitude. We examined soil aggregates total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP) and phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC), and discovered that there was no significant difference in TP levels between all four altitudes samples (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in AP at 3009, 3347 and 3980 m of altitude (p < 0.05). At the altitudes of 3009, 3347 and 3654 m, the AP accumulation in small size aggregates was more advantageous. Overall, PAC dropped steadily as soil aggregates sizes increased, as shown: PAC (3654 m) > PAC (3347 m) > PAC (3009 m) > PAC (3980 m). In all particle size soil aggregates, the distribution of the P fractions was as follows: total inorganic phosphorus (TPi) > total organic phosphorus (TPo) > residual phosphorus (R-P), at 3009, 3347 and 3654 m, but a different registry was observed at 3980 m of altitude: TPo > TPi > R-P. Through correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis, it was concluded that active NaHCO₃-Pi was the main AP source. It was also suggested that more attention should be given to the ratio of small particle size aggregates to increase soil AP storage. In order to improve the activation capacity and supply of soil P, along with promotion of the healthy development of soil ecosystem on slope land, it was suggest that inorganic P fertilizer and P activator could be added to soil at both low (3009 m) and high altitudes (3980 m).     

静电纺丝制备TiO2／PAN纳米纤维毡及其性能研究

采用超声波水解技术水解TiCl4制备纳米TiO2粒子,与聚丙烯腈（PAN）的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）溶液共混后,通过静电纺丝制得具有光催化活性的TiO2／PAN纳米纤维毡,并用其对模拟废水中苯酚进行光催化降解实验。X射线衍射（XRD）表征结果显示制备的TiO2为锐钛矿。用场发射扫描电镜（FE—sEM）观察纤维毡的形态,显示纤维的直径随纺丝液浓度增大而增大。对苯酚进行光催化降解结果表明：纺丝液浓度质量分数为5％TiO2／PAN纤维毡对苯酚的降解率最高,对100mg／L,50mg／L和20mg／L苯酚的降解率分别为51．1％,87．5％和99．6％。纤维毡循环使用5次后对于20mg／L苯酚的降解率为87．4％。