含有机物铁泥的超临界水氧化法资源化

氨基染料生产过程中产生大量含有机物的铁泥,对环境造成严重污染并造成资源的极大浪费.利用超临界水氧化法对含有机物铁泥进行资源化处理研究,并对产物进行了X射线衍射分析（XRD）、色差实验与电子探针分析.研究结果显示,用超临界水氧化法处理铁泥可以将铁泥中所含的有机物完全氧化,真正实现环境友好;超临界水首先将铁泥氧化成α-Fe2O3与γ-Fe2O3,再经过800℃煅烧后可以作为氧化铁红颜料使用;超临界反应压力对样品的晶型与颜色影响不大.     

我国河流水质评价污染因子选择方案探讨

在选用综合污染指数法进行地表水水质评价时 ,由于污染因子选择不尽一致 ,造成地表水水质评价结果不具有可比性。为了使地表水评价结果具有可比性 ,必须选择相对固定的评价因子。笔者对我国七大流域 1 990～ 2 0 0 1年水质监测数据进行了全面分析 ,提出了能够反映我国河流污染现状的污染因子选择方案。     

水质自动监测站数据质控研究

随着环境监测技术的不断发展,水质自动监测以其高效、精确、连续监测等诸多优点,正逐步成为当今水环境监测的主流.然而中国水质自动监测技术起步较晚,且涉及的领域较多,很多关于水质自动站数据质控的相关标准不能及时出台,而且各个地方的河流分布、水文情况及水质自动站建设情况都不尽相同,这就需要对原有的手工监测标准进行比较和分析,同时结合对水质自动站运维管理的经验,找出适合目前水质自动站运行管理的质控手段.     

基于GIS和BP神经网络模型的PM10浓度预测与空间分布研究

耦合GIS和BP神经网络模型,探讨不同算法和隐藏神经元数对PM10浓度预测和空间分布的影响,结果显示:不同算法的PM10浓度预测值与监测值的平均相关系数和平均相对误差分别为0.85和17.58％,Levenberg-Marquardt优化算法在隐藏神经元数为20时预测精度最高.相同算法,不同隐藏层神经元数对PM10浓度的预测结果影响较大,不同算法,相同神经元数对PM10浓度的预测结果影响较小.不同算法的PM10浓度空间分布模拟在中北部的高风险区和东南部的低风险区与监测数据结果基本一致.     

Lead (Pb) exposure and heart failure risk

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal with widespread industrial use, but it is also a widespread environmental contaminant with serious toxicological...     

Yield gap analysis of major food crops in Pakistan: prospects for food security

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The concept of yield gap analysis can be used to meet the growing demands for agricultural products. Sustainable development goals (e.g. SDG1 and...     

安全评价、事故隐患排查、安全生产标准化的关系

以"安全第一,预防为主,综合治理"安全生产方针为依据,从认识论、方法论、实践论3个角度,论述安全评价、事故隐患排查与安全生产标准化之间的关系,即:安全评价是贯彻落实"安全第一"方针,提倡以人为本、关爱生命的体现;事故隐患排查是贯彻落实"预防为主"方针、居安思危、防范未然、以唯物辩证法进行事故预防的体现;安全生产标准化是贯彻落实"综合治理"方针,提倡天时、地利、人和,尊重科学,着眼未来,构建和谐社会的体现。     

新型L沸石在FCC汽油加氢脱硫催化剂中的应用研究

采用等体积浸渍法,制备了一系列含有相同含量活性组分(MoO3、CoO和NiO)不同USL沸石含量的加氢脱硫催化剂。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附脱附、吡啶红外(Py-FTIR)和氨气程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD)等分析方法对样品进行了表征。结果表明:与Cat.0(参比剂,仅以γ-Al2O3为载体)相比,添加USL沸石催化剂所得加氢油的烯烃含量、芳烃含量和研究法辛烷值(RON)均增加;仅当催化剂载体中USL沸石加量在0~40m%之间变化时,加氢油的异构烷烃含量呈上升趋势;而当载体中USL沸石添加量在0~20m%之间变化时,催化剂的脱硫率有所升高。综合对比,当载体中USL沸石添加量约为40m%,催化剂具有最佳的综合性能指标,脱硫率达90%,RON损失仅为1.5左右。     

煤化工煤焦油逸出废气回收利用技术研究

通过对河北省秦皇岛市耀华玻璃工业园有限公司地下300m,储油罐煤焦油逸出废油气进行实验室模拟实验,现场实际工程设计、制造、安装、调试、检验等实践研究,采用“冷凝＋自激吸收器＋吸收＋活性炭吸附”油气处理回收技术,并独创了自激吸收器新技术,处理后的煤焦油逸出废气完全达到了国家《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》（GB16171—2012）的相关要求。     

Water resource conservation promotes synergy between economy and environment in China’s northern drylands

•Considering evenness provides a more accurate assessment of sustainable development. •Water resource conservation drives industrial transformation. •Synergy between economic development and environmental protection is achieved. •Regional collaboration over water could promote sustainable development in drylands. Water resource availability is the major limiting factor for sustainable development in drylands. Climate change intensifies the conflicting water demands between people and the environment and highlights the importance of effective water resource management for achieving a balance between economic development and environmental protection. In 2008, Inner Mongolia, typical dryland in northern China, proposed strict regulations on water exploitation and utilization aimed at achieving sustainable development. Our study is the first to investigate the effectiveness and performance of these long-standing water conservation regulations. Our analyses found that the regulations drove industrial transformation, evidenced by the decreasing proportion of environmentally harmful industries such as coal and steel, and the increasing proportion of tertiary industries (especially tourism). Following industrial transformation, economic development decoupled from industrial water consumption and subsequently led to reduced negative environmental impacts. Based on these results, adaptive strategies were developed for 12 cities by revealing and integrating their development pathways and relative status in achieving sustainable development. Integration and cooperation between cities were proposed, e.g., a water trade agreement between eastern Inner Mongolia (an economically underdeveloped region with relatively abundant water resources) and central Inner Mongolia (an economically developed region with high water stress). Such an agreement may enable the holistic achievement of sustainable development across regions. By integrating the findings of our research, our study presents a reproducible framework for water-management-based sustainable development strategies in drylands.