Bi-FeC2O4复合催化剂活化过硫酸盐降解罗丹明B

采用溶剂热法将Bi单质附着于草酸亚铁（FeO_x）上,制备了系列Bi-FeOx复合催化剂并用于活化过硫酸盐.通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）等表征方法对复合催化剂的结构、形貌和元素价态进行表征.以罗丹明B（RhB）为降解对象,研究了Bi-FeOx/过硫酸盐/可见光体系中Bi单质含量、催化剂投加量、pH及过硫酸盐浓度等因素对RhB的降解影响.在最佳条件下,反应5 min后,RhB的降解率高达99.8%.Bi的引入,使得复合催化剂增强了对可见光的吸收,提高了光生电子的传输效率,从而加速了对RhB的降解.     

大通湖湖区水质时空分布特征及其影响因子解析

运用主成分分析和聚类分析对2019年7-11月大通湖湖区33个采样点的8个水质指标进行了数据分析,采用单因子指数法和综合水质标识法对水质进行了综合评价,分析了大通湖湖区水质的时空特征,识别了主要影响因子和污染源.以单因子指数法为评价方法,2019年7月大通湖水质为Ⅴ类,8月为劣Ⅴ类,9-11月大通湖湖区水质有所改善,为...     

Spatial and seasonal dynamics of phosphorous and physicochemical variables in the Negro River Estuary (Argentina): a preliminary approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nutrient discharge into rivers and estuaries and the factors that control it need to be further understood to decrease the risk of harmful algae...     

Impact of particle sizes on health risks and source-specific health risks for heavy metals in road dust

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To analyze the impact of particle sizes on sources and related health risks for heavy metals, road dust samples in Beijing were collected and sifted...     

藏西北高寒牧区草地退化现状与机理分析

以藏西北高寒牧区为研究区域,综合利用NOAA、MODIS卫星NDVI(归一化植被指数)、气象资料、社会统计资料并结合GIS技术,对藏西北高寒牧区的草地状况和退化机理作了分析。结果表明:①藏西北高寒牧区草地覆盖度等级呈正态分布,且中等偏下略多,地表植被总体上比较稀疏;②2005年区域内的草地退化总面积为14.19×10⁴km²,占区域天然草地总面积的39.64%,其中轻度退化面积最多,占退化总面积的65.96%,其次是中度和重度退化,分别占25.20%和8.84%;③草地退化的主要原因一是与近年来该区域的气候变化有关,二是草地超载率达到59.18%,过度放牧引起的草地退化和沙化现象也越来越严重,是局部草地退化的根本原因,人口的增加和人类活动频繁对草场的破坏,也是近年来草地退化的主要原因。     

附加电场对中空纤维膜污染的减缓作用

通过对新型附加电场的中空纤维膜组件的实验室研究,探讨了电场对缓解微滤膜污染的作用.在恒定流量下过滤含有20mg/L腐殖酸的原水,无电压时,跨膜压力从0.0200MPa上升到0.0300MPa耗时2h,而施加60V电压时该时间段延长至10h.研究表明,原水中的腐殖酸在电场中发生电泳迁移,减少了向膜表面的移动,其对膜的污染被减缓;同时腐殖酸在电场中发生凝聚现象,沉积在膜表面形成疏松的滤饼层,是跨膜压力增加缓慢的另一原因.     

丘陵区坡面土壤有机碳及颗粒有机碳分布特征

测定了紫色丘陵区疏林地、荒草地和坡耕地三种土地利用方式下土壤有机碳和颗粒有机碳含量,探讨不同利用方式与坡位下土壤有机碳和土壤颗粒有机碳的分布特征.结果表明:不同土地利用方式下上坡位和中坡位土壤有机碳和颗粒有机碳含量均为疏林地＞坡耕地＞荒草地,而在下坡位两者含量变化差异较大;不同土地利用方式下各坡位土壤剖面有机碳含量均是在0～5 cm层富集,颗粒有机碳的含量也表现出一定在剖面分异性;不同土地利用方式土壤颗粒有机碳分配比例为(0.74±0.01)～(0.34±0.02),不同土地利用方式之间土壤颗粒有机碳分配比例差异较小.相关分析表明,不同利用方式下土壤有机碳、全氮和颗粒有机碳含量之间均呈显著的相关性.     

炼油废水中酚的荧光分析研究

采用荧光分析法测定炼油废水的酚 含量,对方法的精密度、准确度以及测定时的干扰物、萃取溶剂选择、适宜操作条件进行了试验研究,结果表明,该法具有灵敏度高、稳定、操作简便、耗时短等特点,对工业含酚废水中酚的快速测定具有一定的推广价值。     

工业废水厌氧生物处理中的无机和有机毒性物质

介绍了有关工业废水厌氧生物处理中无机和有机毒性物质方面的重要研究成果。工业废水中的毒性物质一般会对甲烷菌产生可逆性抑制,驯化能够减轻或消除毒性物质对甲烷菌的抑制作用,厌氧工艺在适当条件下能够有效地去除工业废水中的多种毒性物质。     

Enhanced atrazine removal using membrane bioreactor bioaugmented with genetically engineered microorganism

Bioaugmentation with genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for enhanced removal of recalcitrant pollutants was explored. An atrazine-degrading genetically engineered microorganism (GEM) with green fluorescent protein was inoculated into an MBR and the effects of such a bioaugmentation strategy on atrazine removal were investigated. The results show that atrazine removal was improved greatly in the bioaugmented MBR compared with a control system. After a start-up period of 6 days, average 94.7% of atrazine was removed in bioaugmented MBR when atrazine concentration of influent was 14.5 mg/L. The volumetric removal rates increased linearly followed by atrazine loading increase and the maximum was 65.5 mg/(L·d). No negative effects were found on COD removal although carbon oxidation activity of bioaugmented sludge was lower than that of common sludge. After inoculation, adsorption to sludge flocs was favorable for GEM survival. The GEM population size initially decreased shortly and then was kept constant at about 10⁴–10⁵ CFU/mL. Predation of micro-organisms played an important role in the decay of the GEM population. GEM leakage from MBR was less than 10² CFU/mL initially and was then undetectable. In contrast, in a conventionally activated sludge bioreactor (CAS), sludge bulking occurred possibly due to atrazine exposure, resulting in bioaugmentation failure and serious GEM leakage. So MBR was superior to CAS in atrazine bioaugmentation treatment using GEM.