Sustainable Tourism Development Management of Local Cultural Landscapes

Abstract

Nowa days, ecological and cultural tourism, especially those ancient villages and towns in China, have attracted an increasing number of tourists because of their unique cultural features. However, rapid development of tourism brings economic benefits, but results in a series of problems that threaten further tourism development and protection of ancient towns, such as over-commercialization and tourism urbanization. Taking Longmen ancient town as an example, this paper presented a sustainable way of preserving and developing resources of ancient villages and towns. First, identify cultural features and the extent of ancient villages and towns, and find the approach through which a cultural landscape zoning can be applied. Second, define a cooperative function area to release the pressure on core areas and protect their authentic cultures by extending tourism space. Third, balance tourism development with traditional industries to enhance the sustainability of community economies.     

The Economic Effect of Mineral Resources Exploitation in Bijie Prefecture in Guizhou

Abstract

The exploitation of mineral resources plays an important role in promoting national economic development. Mining is an essential component of China’s industrial economy. Using grey correlation method to analyze the correlative effect of mineral resources exploitation to relevant industries, using national income method to calculate the pulling effect of mineral resources exploitation to economic growth and using graphs as well as tables to analyze the income distribution effect, the article obtains active economic effect of mineral resources development in Bijie, Guizhou. Moreover, from the view of resources-cored effect, the article analyzes negative effects such as single industrial structure brought by mineral resource development. Through analysis, we find that mineral resources exploitation to some extent brings active effects including gross domestic product growth, local financial revenue growth and relevant industries development; however, its negative effects should not be ignored. The negative effect can be lightened by diversifying industrial structure and prolonging industrial chain.     

Developing Mechanism of Rubber-tea-chicken Agro-forestry Model in Tropical Area of China

Abstract

As a typical tropical agro-forestry ecosystem in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, rational mechanisms of the rubber-tea-chicken eco-agricultural model were studied with the Solow technological level index, stability indicator, harmonizing coefficient, grey correlation coefficient and production dominance. This study focused on rational hierarchical structure, the limiting factors and optimal strategies of the model development based on model structure, resource conditions and external market demands. Results showed that rational mechanism of the rubber-tea-chicken ecosystem model mainly included technological contributions, leverage function of dominance component (livestock husbandry), stability of the model structure and harmony of its components, the model dominant product’s market demand and government’s supporting policies. The contributions of fund, technology, information and talent resources played an important role in improving sustainability and productivity of the agro-forestry model.     

The win-win pathway of economic growth and CO2 emission reduction: a case study for China

ABSTRACT

Continuously reducing the CO₂ intensity of GDP is the core strategy for developing countries to realize the dual targets of economic growth and CO₂ emissions reduction. The measures are twofold: one is to strengthen energy saving and decrease energy intensity of GDP and the other is to promote energy structural decarbonization and reduce CO₂ intensity of energy consumption. In order to control global temperature rise no more than 2°C, the decrease in CO₂ intensity of GDP needs surpass 4% before 2030, but it could be merely about 2% based on the current trend. Therefore, all countries ought to speed up the low-carbon transition in energy and economy. As for China, keeping a continuous decline in CO₂ intensity of GDP of 4%–5% will ensure the realization of the NDC objectives, and also promotes the early peaking of CO₂ emissions before 2030. China will play a positive leading role in realizing a win-win low-carbon development coordinating sustainable development and climate change mitigation.     

钢铁生产行业二英污染特征变化及其排放因子

对我国某省多家钢铁生产企业烧结工序和电炉工序排放烟气中二英（PCDD/Fs）污染水平、排放特征及其排放因子进行了初步研究.结果表明,烧结工序PCDD/Fs毒性当量浓度（以I-TEQ计,下同）为0.003~0.557 ng·m^-3,均值为0.165 ng·m^-3;电炉工序PCDD/Fs毒性当量浓度为0.006~0.057 ng·m^-3,均值为0.025 ng·m^-3.PCDD/Fs毒性当量浓度水平总体较低,较2005~2019年研究报道结果下降1~2个数量级.2005~2020年,钢铁生产行业排放PCDD/Fs毒性当量浓度水平先升高后降低,尤其是新的标准限值实施以及对烟尘等常规污染物进行超低排放控制后,呈现大幅下降.指纹谱图特征显示,所有烟气样品17种PCDD/Fs中最大浓度贡献单体为2,3,7,8-TCDF,与已有研究中以高氯代PCDFs和PCDDs为主不同,且低氯代PCDFs占比有所增加,表明PCDD/Fs生成主要来源有所变化.烧结工序和电炉工序PCDD/Fs同类物指纹分布特征相似,呈现典型的高温热过程特征,两个工序生产过程中PCDD/Fs的生成机制可能均为"从头合成".钢铁生产企业烧结工序PCDD/Fs废气排放因子（以I-TEQ计,下同）为0.003~0.5 μg·t^-1,排放因子平均值为（0.18±0.22）μg·t^-1;电炉工序PCDD/Fs废气排放因子为0.04~0.5 μg·t^-1,排放因子平均值为（0.27±0.23）μg·t^-1;低于UNEP于2013发布的"二英和呋喃排放识别和量化标准工具包"以及2004年我国二英排放清单中的排放因子,建议对我国钢铁生产行业PCDD/Fs排放状况开展调查,更新排放因子.     

岩溶湿地与稻田土壤团聚体细菌群落结构的比较

研究湿地系统中的土地利用变化对土壤团聚体中细菌群落结构的影响,可以为阐明土地利用变化对湿地土壤团聚体稳定性的影响机制提供理论依据.以会仙岩溶湿地和稻田为研究对象,利用高通量测序技术和生态网络分析对土壤团聚体（大团聚体0.25~2 mm、微团聚体0.053~0.25 mm和粉、黏粒<0.053 mm）细菌群落结构进行研究.结果表明：①微团聚体在稻田中占29.64%,显著高于其在天然湿地中的占比（22.20%）.②门水平上,绿弯菌门在稻田土壤大团聚体、微团聚体和粉、黏粒中的相对丰度分别为7.97%、8.56%和7.40%,显著高于其在天然湿地这3种粒径团聚体中的相对丰度（4.93%、4.81%和3.76%）;目水平上,厌氧绳菌目在稻田这3种粒径团聚体中的相对丰度分别为2.35%、3.03%和2.65%,显著高于其在天然湿地这3种粒径团聚体中的相对丰度（0.92%、0.91%和0.43%）.③生态网络分析显示,稻田微团聚体和粉、黏粒网络的节点数、边数和平均邻居数均高于天然湿地,并且在这两种组分中网络的平均连通度更大,特征路径长度更短;稻田大团聚体网络具有更长的特征路径长度、更高的模块性.结果表明,天然湿地改变为稻田后,土壤团聚体细菌群落结构改变,稻田微团聚体和粉、黏粒中细菌群落具有更高的物质循环和信息传递的效率,而稻田大团聚体细菌网络紧密性低,模块性高,其细菌群落结构更稳定.     

冬奥会期间京津冀及周边区域空气质量时空特征、气象影响和减排效果评估

对比分析2015～2022年冬奥会期间(1月31日至2月20日)京津冀及周边区域44城市空气质量时空演变特征,量化同期气象、协同减排和跨区域传输对PM_2.5浓度及组分变化贡献,为不利气象条件下区域空气质量联防联控提供科学参考.结果表明,2022年44城市PM_2.5浓度为近8年农历同期最低(46μg·m^-3),优良天占比最高(83.3%),不存在重污染天.PM_2.5污染南重北轻,高值区主要集中在太行山沿线及燕山传输通道城市.2016年在春节中期未管控烟花爆竹燃放等源排放强度下,优良天占比93.5%,大气强扩散能力对空气质量改善至关重要.2022年静稳天气指数(SWI)同比增加2.1,大气扩散能力转差,44城市ρ(PM_2.5)均值和峰值同比下降14μg·m^-3和76μg·m^-3,北京减排对PM_2.5浓度降幅较未采取前增大96%,晋鲁豫地区在气象造成PM_2.5浓度上升的不利背景下,峰值下降87μg...     

可见光促有机物诱导铁还原的多相类芬顿体系强化效能与机制

近年来,亚铁离子活化过硫酸盐的类芬顿(Fe²⁺-PMS/PS)高级氧化技术发展日趋成熟,但因Fe³⁺无法还原导致反应停止的问题仍制约其大规模应用.结果发现,当把以双酚A（BPA）为代表的某些有机物与Fe³⁺和TiO₂混合,所形成的某种络合物可以拓宽TiO₂光响应范围捕获可见光,通过TiO₂将光生电子传递给Fe³⁺进行还原,从而实现Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺的无限循环.依据上述原理,构建了可见光下BPA-TiO₂-Fe³⁺-PS复合体系来降解BPA,并对其催化性能、催化机制和影响因素进行探讨.结果表明,该体系具有突出的催化性能,60 min内BPA(50 mg·L^-1)降解率达到93.1%,矿化度达到70%.同时验证该体系可以通过双酚A自生光电子还原Fe³⁺, 60 min还原得到的Fe²⁺稳...     

老鹰岩滑坡基本特征及危害性分析

通过分析老鹰岩滑坡的地质环境特征和形态特征,揭示其形成机制和产生的危害,最后根据该区地质灾害特点,提出了灾后恢复重建的相关建议。     

课证融合模式下实训教学改革研究

课证融合模式就是将课程与职业资格证书相结合的教学模式,是对职业教学改革的探索。但当前存在的实训教学标准模糊、校企合作实训教学条件不足、教师队伍转型滞后、教材开发混乱等现象严重阻碍了课证融合模式的推行,职业院校应当从明确考核评价标准、改进培养方案、加大双师教师的引进和培养、科学开发实训教材等途径进行尝试,推进课证融合。