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961.
为正确评价人为因素对户外端子箱失效的影响,利用CREAM(Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method)模型的共同绩效条件分析端子箱操作过程中人的行为机理以及行为可靠性因素;应用SLIM(Success Likelihood Index Method)模型计算人为失误概... 相似文献
962.
Microbial immigrants arriving with influent wastewater may influence activated sludge (AS) ecosystems. However, the extent to which immigration impacts AS communities is still debated. To explore the intensity of immigration impact, we used sequencing technology to track the raw wastewater and AS communities from a membrane bioreactor plant over a 12-month period. We first distinguished core populations from peripheral ones in both raw wastewater and AS based on their occurrence frequency and abundance. The results showed that core OTUs (≥ 80% occurrence frequency) made up a large fraction (> 90%) of total sequences, while peripheral OTUs composed the majority of all detected OTUs but merely occupied a few sequences. A significant difference in core communities between the influent and AS was found, as well as between the compositions of core and peripheral populations. Additionally, the persistent functional bacteria of AS, although not numerically dominant, accounted for 96.24% of the total sequences related to nutrient turnover, suggesting the presence of a small number of longstanding and core functional bacteria in the AS ecosystem. Importantly, 64% of the 5188 OTUs in AS, which accounted for 91.51% of the sequences, exhibited positive growth rates, which suggested that their apparent abundances were due to growth within the plant, not from immigration. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the impact of influent populations on core AS communities was limited. Overall, this work provides quantitative insights into the impact of immigration, which is expected to advance our understanding of the AS community assembly. 相似文献
963.
Shanshan Zhao Zhu Tao Liwei Chen Muqiao Han Bin Zhao Xuelin Tian Liang Wang Fangang Meng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(4):63
964.
Long Yanqiu Li Qinghai Zhou Hui Meng Aihong Zhang Yanguo 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):1026-1035
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Thermogravimetric analyzer was applied to analyze 22 solid materials and their mixtures at a heating rate of 10 K min−1... 相似文献
965.
966.
外源钙对两种价态锑胁迫下水稻幼苗吸收积累锑和钙的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过溶液培养试验,研究外源钙对两种价态锑[Sb(III)和Sb(Ⅴ)]胁迫下水稻吸收积累锑和钙的影响。结果表明,这两种价态的Sb对水稻生长均有抑制作用,Sb(III)比Sb(Ⅴ)对水稻毒害更明显,施Ca可缓解Sb对水稻的毒害。Sb(III)和Sb(Ⅴ)的添加对水稻根系和茎叶吸收积累Ca影响不一致。当溶液中的Ca浓度为5.0 mmol·L-1时,添加三价Sb 10和30μmol·L-1均可以显著地降低水稻茎叶中的Ca含量15.7%和49.4%,但是添加Sb(Ⅴ)浓度为30μmol·L-1时,却分别提高水稻茎叶和根系Ca含量26.2%和50.4%。Ca的添加可以显著地降低水稻根系和茎叶对两个价态Sb的吸收积累。在30μmol·L-1Sb(III)处理下,添加5.0和20 mmol·L-1的Ca可导致水稻根系和水稻茎叶Sb浓度分别比对照处理降低19.0%-79.4%和42.6%-71.8%;在30μmol·L-1Sb(Ⅴ)处理下,添加5.0和20 mmol·L-1的Ca可导致水稻根系和水稻茎叶Sb浓度分别比对照处理降低34.3%-70.6%和74.1%-84.6%。Ca的添加对Sb在水稻根系和茎叶中的富集系数和分配比率也有显著影响。综上所述,可以通过施用Ca肥来防治农田Sb污染,降低Sb对人体健康的危害。 相似文献
967.
促生剂投量对菌剂-促生剂协同修复沉积物的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用5个110 L的模拟河道反应器,在投加菌剂的基础上(底泥稳定后向底泥和水中分别注射浓度为0.09%和0.03%的菌剂),生物促生剂投量分别设计为0(空白对照实验)、0.08、0.09、0.10和0.11 g·L~(-1),通过为期115 d的修复实验研究菌剂与促生剂协同作用时底泥微生物群落特征变化规律,进而分析其对底泥修复效果的影响.实验表明,投加促生剂后,115 d时Chloroflexi、Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Betaproteobacteria及Bacteroidetes等主要功能菌群相对丰度增加,脲酶活性与蛋白酶活性后期时总体上低于单独投加菌剂组.促生剂投量为0.10 g·L~(-1)时,上覆水COD_(Cr)稳定浓度为16.82 mg·L~(-1),低于其余各组;底泥TOC含量由初始的0.808%下降至第115 d时的0.687%,去除率为14.9%,显著高于其余各组;促生剂投量为0.11 g·L~(-1)时,底泥全氮去除率最高为14.8%.生物促生剂促使微生物群落向更适宜降解去除氮素及有机质的方向演替,有效改善底泥环境. 相似文献
968.
969.
Sheng XF Xia JJ Jiang CY He LY Qian M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):1164-1170
Two lead (Pb)-resistant endophytic bacteria were isolated from rape roots grown in heavy metal-contaminated soils and characterized. A pot experiment was conducted for investigating the capability of the two isolates to promote the growth and Pb uptake of rape from Pb-amended soil. The two isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens G10 and Microbacterium sp. G16 based on the 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Strains G10 and G16 exhibited different multiple heavy metal and antibiotic resistance characteristics and increased water-soluble Pb in solution and in Pb-added soil. Root elongation assays demonstrated increases in root elongation of inoculated rape seedlings compared to the control plants. Strain G16 produced indole acetic acid, siderophores and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. Increases in biomass production and total Pb uptake in the bacteria-inoculated plants were obtained compared to the control. The two strains could colonize the root interior and rhizosphere soil of rape after root inoculation. 相似文献
970.
Yanfen Hao Wenying Meng Yingming Li Xu Han Huili Lu Pu Wang Ruiqiang Yang Qinghua Zhang Guibin Jiang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(11):180-185
Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were investigated in Arctic air and soil samples collected from Ny-Ålesund and London Island, Svalbard, during Chinese scientific research expeditions to the Arctic during 2014–2015. The concentrations of Σ9NBFRs in the Arctic air and soil were 4.9–8.7 pg/m3 (average 6.8 pg/m3) and 101–201 pg/g dw (average 150 pg/g dw), respectively. The atmospheric concentration of hexabromobenzene (HBB) was significantly correlated with that of pentabromotoluene (PBT) and pentabromobenzene (PBBz), suggesting similar source and environmental fate in the Arctic air. No significant spatial difference was observed among the different sampling sites, both for air and soil samples, indicating that the effects of the scientific research stations on the occurrence of NBFRs in the Arctic were minor. The fugacities from soil to air of pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB), 2,3-dibromopropyl 2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE), and decabromodiphenylethane 1,2-bis (pentabromophenyl) ethane (DBDPE) were lower than the equilibrium value, indicating a nonequilibrium state of these compounds between air and soil, the dominant impact of deposition and the net transport from air to soil. The correlation analysis between the measured and predicted soil-atmosphere coefficients based on the absorption model showed that the impact of the soil organic matter on the distribution of NBFRs in the Arctic region was minor. To the best of our knowledge, this work is one of the limited reports on atmospheric NBFRs in the Arctic and the first study to investigate the occurrence and fate of NBFRs in the Arctic soil. 相似文献