Emergy-based assessment on industrial symbiosis: a case of Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone

Industrial symbiosis is the sharing of services, utility, and by-product resources among industries. This is usually made in order to add value, reduce costs, and improve the environment, and therefore has been taken as an effective approach for developing an eco-industrial park, improving resource efficiency, and reducing pollutant emission. Most conventional evaluation approaches ignored the contribution of natural ecosystem to the development of industrial symbiosis and cannot reveal the interrelations between economic development and environmental protection, leading to a need of an innovative evaluation method. Under such a circumstance, we present an emergy analysis-based evaluation method by employing a case study at Shenyang Economic and Technological Development Zone (SETDZ). Specific emergy indicators on industrial symbiosis, including emergy savings and emdollar value of total emergy savings, were developed so that the holistic picture of industrial symbiosis can be presented. Research results show that nonrenewable inputs, imported resource inputs, and associated services could be saved by 89.3, 32.51, and 15.7 %, and the ratio of emergy savings to emergy of the total energy used would be about 25.58 %, and the ratio of the emdollar value of total emergy savings to the total gross regional product (GRP) of SETDZ would be 34.38 % through the implementation of industrial symbiosis. In general, research results indicate that industrial symbiosis could effectively reduce material and energy consumption and improve the overall eco-efficiency. Such a method can provide policy insights to industrial park managers so that they can raise appropriate strategies on developing eco-industrial parks. Useful strategies include identifying more potential industrial symbiosis opportunities, optimizing energy structure, increasing industrial efficiency, recovering local ecosystems, and improving public and industrial awareness of eco-industrial park policies.     

HSE管理体系运行中的常见问题及对策

分析了HSE管理体系运行中存在的问题,提出了对策措施。     

聚丙烯酰胺在土壤上的吸附研究

采用静态吸附法研究了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)在黄土、盐碱土上的吸附行为,考查了不同液固比、吸附时间对土壤吸附量的影响,得出了PAM在土壤上的吸附等温线.结果表明,PAM在土壤上有很强的吸附亲合力,在盐碱土、黄土上的吸附等温线都符合Langmuir吸附模式,在相同实验条件下,盐碱土饱和吸附量比黄土饱和吸附量大.     

土壤中有机污染物运移模型的对比分析

分别建立了考虑非平衡吸附和生物降解的单区域溶质运移动力学模型(简称单区域模型)和两区域溶质运移动力学模型(简称两区域模型),基于数值模拟方法,对两种模型进行了定量的对比分析.分析结果表明,参与流动的水分的含量、不可动水区的持留释放能力是影响污染物在土壤-水环境中分配规律以及两种模型模拟结果之间差异的重要因素;较大的可动水区和不可动水区之间的质量转移系数,可以通过增加持留释放能力而增强不可动水区对溶质运移的影响能力,因此在模拟过程中不应单纯依据不可动水的含量大小来确定采用何种模型进行模拟,而应同时考虑可动水区和不可动水区之间的质量转移系数对模拟效果的影响.     

环境物品的经济价值评估方法:条件价值法

系统地介绍了西方国家常用的１种评价环境物品（公共物品）的方法——条件价值法。在大量文献和作者已有研究的基础上,解释了环境物品的特征和价值含义,综述了条件价值法的概念、特点和总体框架内容,分析了该方法中出现的偏差类型,总结了该方法在国际国内的已有应用,提出其应用潜力和应用前景     

越流含水层系统地下水有毒元素污染数值模拟——以太原盆地地下水汞污染为例

提出了一个越流含水层系统考虑弱透水层吸附作用的地下水污染数学模型,模型应用于太原地地下水中汞污染的数值模拟,水位拟合误差为０．４０７－０．５０ｍ,汞离子浓度拟事误差小于４％－５％,表明模型可靠,合理,为定量预测越流含水层系统地下水污染提供了科学手段。     

废旧轮胎热解过程的温度效应

通过废旧轮胎热解产物的分布研究该过程的温度效应,发现温度升高、燃料油产率增加,炭黑产率减少,即热解温度从４５０℃～５５０℃上升到６５０℃～７５０℃,燃料油产率从３３．１％～３５．４％增加到４３．２％～４５．１％,炭黑产率从４６．２％～４５．１％,炭黑产率从４６．２％～４９．２％下降为３５．１％～３７．１％,采用ＧＣ／ＭＳ分析燃料油,确定出其中仍１４０多个组分,整个油品中芳香烃化作物占了７５％以上,     

Efficient production of hydrogen peroxide in microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells coupled with thermolytic solutions

● Appreciable H₂O₂ production rate was achieved in MRCs utilizing NH₄HCO₃ solutions. ● Carbon black outperformed activated carbon as the catalyst for H₂O₂ production. ● The optimum carbon black loading for H₂O₂ production on air-cathode was 10 mg/cm². ● The optimum number of cell pairs was determined to be three. ● A maximum power density of 980 mW/m² was produced by MRCs with 5 cell pairs. H₂O₂ was produced at an appreciable rate in microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells (MRCs) coupled with thermolytic solutions, which can simultaneously capture waste heat as electrical energy. To determine the optimal cathode and membrane stack configurations for H₂O₂ production, different catalysts, catalyst loadings and numbers of membrane cell pairs were tested. Carbon black (CB) outperformed activated carbon (AC) for H₂O₂ production, although AC showed higher catalytic activity for oxygen reduction. The optimum CB loading was 10 mg/cm² in terms of both the H₂O₂ production rate and power production. The optimum number of cell pairs was determined to be three based on a tradeoff between H₂O₂ production and capital costs. A H₂O₂ production rate as high as 0.99 ± 0.10 mmol/(L·h) was achieved with 10 mg/cm² CB loading and 3 cell pairs, where the H₂O₂ recovery efficiency was 52 ± 2% and the maximum power density was 780 ± 37 mW/m². Increasing the number of cell pairs to five resulted in an increase in maximum power density (980 ± 21 mW/m²) but showed limited effects on H₂O₂ production. These results indicated that MRCs can be an efficient method for sustainable H₂O₂ production.     

半干半湿法烟气脱硫技术的工业应用研究

探讨了日本半干半湿法脱硫除尘系统和中国环境科学研究院半干半湿法烟气脱硫除尘示范系统的主要差别 ,研究了半干半湿法烟气脱硫技术在出塔烟气温度、钙硫摩尔比和循环粉煤灰返灰等方面对脱硫效率的影响。结果表明 ,在脱硫塔出口烟气温度为 78℃、m(循环粉煤灰返灰 )∶ m(石灰 )为 1∶ 4、n( Ca)∶ n( S) <1.2时 ,脱硫效率达 85 .1%;在 n( Ca)∶ n( S) =1.4时 ,脱硫效率可达 88.3 %。