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331.
332.
Michel Vanhoorne Marc Van Sprundel Anne-Marie Depoorter Jean-Pierre Verhaeghe 《Safety Science》1995,20(2-3)
Background: discussions with occupational physicians and a postal survey identified the shortcomings of previous programs, mainly found in the fields of occupational hygiene, ergonomics, environmental health and management.Objectives of the new program: basic knowledge (see content), the development of problem solving skills, scientific and social attitudes.Content: first year: occupational health practice, occupational hygiene, epidemiology, work physiology, toxicokinetics and dynamics and in service training (4 weeks). Second year: occupational pathology, environmental health, ergonomics, social legislation, safety, management and in service training (4 weeks). The total study load is estimated at about 1600 hours per year.Methods: interactivity is stimulated by the introduction of interdisciplinary seminars, project work in groups and Socratic dialogue. The objectives, contents and teaching and student-evaluation methods of the separate items were defined before selecting teachers.Finality of the program: a masters title sufficient to practice occupational medicine in Belgium. A subsequent postacademic training of 2 years, while at work, will be required for the title of specialist in occupational medicine, valid at European Union (EU) level. It will include preparing and publically defending a thesis.Statement: The collaboration of ex-students working in the field is essential in the development and quality assessment of adequate teaching programs. 相似文献
333.
Contamination of fish by organochlorine pesticide residues in the Ouémé River catchment in the Republic of Bénin 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pazou EY Lalèyè P Boko M van Gestel CA Ahissou H Akpona S van Hattum B Swart K van Straalen NM 《Environment international》2006,32(5):594-599
In the Republic of Bénin, aquatic ecosystems are subject to poisoning risks due to the inappropriate use of pesticides, such as washing of empty bottles in rivers and using pesticides to catch fish. In some areas, cotton fields are located near riverbanks, increasing the probability of pesticide emission to the river. To assess contamination levels in the Ouémé River catchment area, different fish species were collected from different geographical areas along the river. DDT, its metabolites and isomers were the most frequently identified pesticides in fish flesh, alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan, dieldrin, telodrin, lindane and octachlorostyrene were also detected. Concentrations of pesticide residues in fish ranged from 0 to 1364 ng/g lipid. A preliminary risk assessment indicated that the daily intake of chlorinated pesticides by people consuming fish from the Ouémé River still is rather low and does not present an immediate risk. 相似文献
334.
Pazou EY Boko M van Gestel CA Ahissou H Lalèyè P Akpona S van Hattum B Swart K van Straalen NM 《Environment international》2006,32(5):616-623
The Ouémé River is one of the most important rivers in the Republic of Bénin. It is 510 km long and its catchment drains 75% of the country. In this study, organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide residues were measured in more than 35 sediment samples collected on nine locations along the Ouémé River from upstream to downstream. Except for one location, Tanéka-Koko, all areas were contaminated by more than 20 pesticides. Organochlorine pesticides identified in sediment samples included pp'-DDE, op'-DDD, pp'-DDD, op'-DDT, pp'-DDT, alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan, endosulfan sulphate, alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, telodrin, isodrin, cis- and trans-heptachlorepoxide, hexachlorbutadiene, hexachlorobenzene and octachlorostyrene. The organophosphorous pesticide chlorpyrifos, used in a new formulation to protect cotton, was also identified. In some areas, the concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in the sediment of the Ouémé River exceeded environmental quality standards and are reason for concern. 相似文献
335.
Metian M Warnau M Teyssié JL Bustamante P 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2011,102(6):543-550
In order to understand the bioaccumulation of 241Am and 134Cs in scallops living in sediments, the uptake and depuration kinetics of these two elements were investigated in the king scallop Pecten maximus exposed via seawater, food, or sediment under laboratory conditions. Generally, 241Am accumulation was higher and its retention was stronger than 134Cs. This was especially obvious when considering whole animals exposed through seawater with whole-body concentration factors (CF7d) of 62 vs. 1, absorption efficiencies (A0l) of 78 vs. 45 for seawater and biological half-lives (Tb½l) of 892 d vs. 22 d for 241Am and 134Cs, respectively. In contrast, following a single feeding with radiolabelled phytoplankton, the assimilation efficiency (AE) and Tb½l of 134Cs were higher than those of 241Am (AE: 28% vs. 20%; Tb½l: 14 d vs. 9 d). Among scallop tissues, the shells always contained the higher proportion of the total body burden of 241Am whatever the exposure pathway. In contrast, the whole soft parts presented the major fraction of whole-body burden of 134Cs, which was generally associated with muscular tissues. Our results showed that the two radionuclides have contrasting behaviors in scallops, in relation to their physico-chemical properties. 相似文献
336.
337.
Lemmens B Elslander H Vanderreydt I Peys K Diels L Oosterlinck M Joos M 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2007,27(11):1562-1569
Plasma gasification is an innovative technology for transforming high calorific waste streams into a valuable synthesis gas and a vitrified slag by means of a thermal plasma. A test program has been set up to evaluate the feasibility of plasma gasification and the impact of this process on the environment. RDF (refuse derived fuel) from carpet and textile waste was selected as feed material for semi-pilot gasification tests. The aim of the tests was: (1) to evaluate the technical feasibility of making a stable synthesis gas; (2) to characterize the composition of this synthesis gas; (3) to define a suitable after-treatment configuration for purification of the syngas and (4) to characterize the stability of the slag, i.e., its resistance to leaching for use as a secondary building material. The tests illustrate that plasma gasification can result in a suitable syngas quality and a slag, characterized by an acceptable leachability. Based on the test results, a further scale-up of this technology will be prepared and validation tests run. 相似文献
338.
Michel Trousseau Julio Hermida 《生态毒理学报》2001,(2):38-42
布宜诺斯艾利斯市的增长伴随着环境的逐渐恶化,其中包括水流的质量.随着情况的全面恶化,1993年政府将饮用水厂进行了为期30年的私有化,并在布宜诺斯艾利斯市及其17个郊区社区进行净化处理.阿瓜斯阿根廷斯(AguasAgentinas)的用水操作者是里昂水业集团,为了响应当局的要求,提出并着手进行净化处理的新指导模式,这有助于解决该承包区目前的环境问题. 相似文献
339.
340.
Kris Verheyen Margot Vanhellemont Harald Auge Lander Baeten Christopher Baraloto Nadia Barsoum Simon Bilodeau-Gauthier Helge Bruelheide Bastien Castagneyrol Douglas Godbold Josephine Haase Andy Hector Hervé Jactel Julia Koricheva Michel Loreau Simone Mereu Christian Messier Bart Muys Philippe Nolet Alain Paquette John Parker Mike Perring Quentin Ponette Catherine Potvin Peter Reich Andy Smith Martin Weih Michael Scherer-Lorenzen 《Ambio》2016,45(1):29-41