Relationships between the abnormalities of the male reproductive organs and the accumulation of phenol compounds in the striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius, inhabiting Korea

The relationships between the abnormalities of the male reproductive organs in striped field mice and the accumulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals were assessed. Most mice collected at three areas were contaminated with phenol or organotin compounds. Fourteen to 42% of the mice at each area had abnormally shrunken reproductive organs, and some of them were contaminated with high levels of phenol compounds. Moreover, all the shrunken reproductive organs were damaged in the histological structure. The damage was observed also from several mice accumulating a high level of phenol compounds even though they had normally developed reproductive organs, although no damage was found in the mice accumulating a high level of organotin compounds. Collectively, the abnormalities of the reproductive organs in the mice seemed to be related to the accumulation of phenol compounds rather than of organotin compounds.     

无排泥运行MBR处理不同浓度氨氮废水及其生物特性

考察了水力停留时间(HRT)为10 h时无排泥运行下膜-生物反应器(MBR)处理不同浓度氨氮无机废水的运行性能及微生物特性.结果表明,在处理NH₄⁺-N≤500 mg/L的废水时,氨氮转化率可达99%且反应器内微生物增长缓慢,比硝化速率从0.2kg/(kg·d)升至0.52 kg/(kg·d);当NH₄⁺-N≥700 mg/L时,出水亚硝酸氮和氨氮相继出现明显累积,比硝化速率随之下降至0.4kg/(kg·d)以下,反应器内生物量从3 200 mg/L上升至6 700 mg/L.反应器中的氨氧化菌维持在10⁷CFU/mL,亚硝酸盐氧化菌从10⁶CFU/mL下降至10³CFU/mL.系统内的溶解性微生物产物(以TOC表示)升至65 mg/L后保持稳定,出水TOC一直维持在3～4mg/L;细胞外分泌物(EPS)在膜的截流作用下随运行时间的延长积累至600 mg/L.     

聚糖菌颗粒污泥基于胞内储存物质的同步硝化反硝化

采用特殊运行方式的厌氧-好氧SBR系统(厌氧后排水),以乙酸钠为有机基质成功富集了聚糖菌颗粒污泥.聚糖菌颗粒污泥厌氧-好氧批式实验表明,聚糖菌颗粒污泥具有较强的SND能力,TOC/N分别为5.0,4.0,2.8时,SND效率分别96.4%、95.3%及96.2%,而周期总氮去除效率随着碳氮比降低而降低,分别为66.0%、61.2%及56.3%.通过对周期氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、TOC以及胞内糖原、PHB变化的测定分析,证明聚糖菌颗粒污泥SND过程中,污泥以厌氧阶段储存于胞内的多聚物PHB作为反硝化碳源,并且反硝化聚糖菌是系统中反硝化能力的来源.与溶解性基质相比,PHB的降解速率相对较低,因此在SND过程中,反硝化可以与硝化保持相近的速率,从而有助于获得良好的SND效果.     

Variations of bacterial community structure in flooded paddy soil contaminated with herbicide quinclorac

The denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was applied to determine the relative genetic complexity of microbial communities in flooded paddy soil treated with herbicide quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinoline-carboylic acid). The results obtained showed a significant effect of quinclorac on the development of bacterial populations in soils contaminated with different concentrations of the herbicide at the early time after application. In general, however, the number of populations of the same soil sample treated with the same concentration of the quinclorac differed obviously with increasing incubation time within the early 8 weeks. The scale of differences in banding patterns-showed that the microbial community structures of the quinclorac-treated and non-quinclorac-treated soils were not significantly different after 21 weeks of incubation. Quantification, as demonstrated in this paper, was studied by establishing dose-response relationships. Significant pattern variations were quantified. Prominent DGGE bands were excised, cloned and sequenced to gain insight into the identities of predominant bacterial populations. The majority of DGGE band sequences were related to bacterial genera Clostridium, Sphingobacterium, Xanthomonas and Rhodococcus.     

Prediction for energy content of Taiwan municipal solid waste using multilayer perceptron neural networks

In the past decade, the treatment amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) by incineration has increased significantly in Taiwan. By year 2008, approximately 70% of the total MSW generated will be incinerated. The energy content (usually expressed by lower heating value [LHV]) of MSW is an important parameter for the selection of incinerator capacity. In this work, wastes from 55 sampling sites, including villages, towns, cities, and remote islands in the Taiwan area, were sampled and analyzed once a season from April 2002 to March 2003 to determine the waste characteristics. The LHV of MSW in Taiwan was predicted by the multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural networks model using the input parameters of elemental analysis and dry- or wet-base physical compositions. Although all three of the models predicted LHV values rather accurately, the elemental analysis model provided the most accurate prediction of LHV values. Additionally, the wet-base physical composition model was the easiest and most economical. Therefore, the waste treatment operators can choose the more appropriate analysis method considering situations themselves, such as time, equipment, technology, and cost.     

生物滴滤塔脱除污泥干化尾气中的SO2

以市政污泥干化尾气中的主要含硫物质二氧化硫(SO2)为处理对象,从市政污泥中筛选出高效脱硫菌——嗜酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,A.f),搭建了实验室规模的生物滴滤塔,考察了进气质量浓度、气体停留时间、营养液喷淋密度和营养液中Fe2+浓度对生物滴滤塔脱除SO2的影响....     

基于MIKE 21的长江江山制药排污口水环境影响分析——以江山制药公司污水处理站为例

为分析长江沿岸入河排污口设置对水环境的影响,采用MIKE 21建立了长江马鞍山-高桥段二维非稳态水量水质模型,并以江山制药公司污水处理站为例,对其排污口迁址改建前后的水环境影响进行模拟.结果 表明,较于原排污口排放,拟设排污口在执行新排放标准情况下,对九圩港入江断面水质有改善作用,COD、NH3-N、TP的改善率分别为...     

水资源量与城市人口规模

城市发展与水资源息息相关。为保证城市规模的合理性,应综合考虑城市的水资源储量。通过城市水资源量估算城市人口规模的方法,以广西钦州水源工程为例,从钦州现有的几个水资源量分析钦州城市可能达到的人口规模,说明城市水资源是影响城市发展规模的主要因素之一。     

废水污染物总量监测中采样方法的研究

通过对21家有代表性的废水污染源进行现场采样、排放曲线分析、采样频率优化的研究,确定总量监测中采样频率优化结果,为污染源总量控制监测提供技术指导。     

撇油器的原理及性能

溢油回收装置的有效使用是降低和消除溢油污染的重要手段。比较了撇油器的各种原理、性能及操作条件。