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991.
992.
Hong SH Choi SA Lee MH Min BR Yoon C Yoon H Cho KS 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2011,33(Z1):41-47
The effects of arsenic (As) species, such as As(III), As(V) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), on the accumulation of As in cucumber (Cucumis sativus), as well as on its growth in a soil mesocosm were evaluated. When Cucumis sativus was cultivated in soils contaminated with 20 and 50 mg/kg of As(III), As(V) or DMA for 40 days, the growth was markedly inhibited by the inorganic As (As(III) and As(V)) rather than the organic As (DMA). Irrespective of the As species, the As concentrations accumulated in Cucumis sativus increased with increasing As concentration in the soil. The As bioaccumulation factors from soil into the tissue of Cucumis sativus were 17.5-35.4, 29.3-42.7 and 17.6-25.7 for As(III), As(V) and DMA, respectively. In addition, the As translocation factors from the roots to shoots were 0.025-0.031, 0.018-0.032 and 0.014-0.026 for As(III), As(V) and DMA, respectively. In conclusion, Cucumis sativus mainly accumulated As in its roots rather than its shoots and easily accumulated inorganic rather than organic As from the soil into its tissue. 相似文献
993.
994.
太湖和巢湖夏季蓝藻水华期间产毒微囊藻和非产毒微囊藻种群丰度的空间分布 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
应用荧光定量PCR技术对蓝藻水华暴发期间太湖和巢湖水体中产毒微囊藻和总微囊藻种群丰度的空间分布进行了研究.分别以微囊藻毒素合成基因基因家族成员mcyD和小核糖体16S rDNA序列构建定量PCR标准曲线,研究产毒微囊藻和总微囊藻种群丰度.结果表明:太湖和巢湖微囊藻种群由产毒微囊藻和非产毒微囊藻组成;蓝藻水华暴发期间,微囊藻种群组成及其丰度分布具有明显的空间差异性:太湖产毒微囊藻种群丰度为9.89×104~4.51×106 copies mL-1,产毒微囊藻占总微囊藻种群的比例为20.5%~38.1%;巢湖产毒微囊藻种群丰度为4.12×104~5.44×106 copies mL-1,其占总微囊藻种群的比例为8.4%~96.6%.总的来说,富营养化严重的湖区总微囊藻和产毒微囊藻种群丰度较高,产毒微囊藻占总微囊藻种群的比例也较高.图7表3参29 相似文献
995.
密度和品种对玉米田杂草及玉米产量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对玉米田杂草的调查,研究了不同密度和品种对玉米田杂草种类和生物量变化及玉米产量的影响。结果表明:在玉米全生育期内共发现以稗草(Echinochloa colonum(Linn.)Link)、水花生(Alternanthera philoxeroides)、水芹(Lepidiumsativum)等为主的21种杂草,以水芹的重要值最高;随密度的增加杂草的总数量和鲜质量减少;半紧凑型品种对杂草数量和生物量的抑制作用大于紧凑型品种,且产量高出了21.99%。密度对玉米产量的影响差异不显著,以B3(57 000株/hm2)产量最高,比常规密度B1(42 000株/hm2)和高密度B4(64 500株/hm2)的产量提高了14.17%和0.6%。可见,应根据玉米的品种类型,因地制宜地确定适宜的种植密度,以利于高产稳产。 相似文献
996.
997.
Xu P Wang W Yang L Zhang Q Gao R Wang X Nie W Gao X 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,179(1-4):443-456
Aerosol size distributions, trace gas, and PM(2.5) concentrations have been measured in urban Jinan, China, over 6 months in 2007 and 2008, covering spring, summer, fall, and winter time periods. Number concentrations of particles (10-2,500 nm) were 16,200, 13,900, 11,200, and 21,600 cm(?-3) in spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. Compared with other urban studies, Jinan has higher number concentrations of accumulation-mode particles (100-500 nm) and particles (10-2,500 nm), but lower concentrations of ultrafine particles (10-100 nm). The number, surface and volume concentrations, and size distributions of particles showed obvious seasonal variation and are also influenced by traffic emissions. Through correlation analysis, traffic emissions are proposed to be a more important contributor to Atkien-mode and accumulation-mode particles than coal firing. Around midday, the presence of nanoparticles and new particle formation is limited to pre-existing particles from traffic emissions and the mass transport of particles from suburban and rural areas. Compared with other studies in urban areas of Europe and the USA, the variation of particle number concentration and related gas concentration in Jinan between weekdays and weekends is smaller and the reasons has been deduced. 相似文献
998.
Xiang Yang Sun Cheng Da Gao Lin Zhang Su Yan Li Yong Qiao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,175(1-4):193-200
CO2 release from forest soil is a key driver of carbon cycling between the soil and atmosphere ecosystem. The rate of CO2 released from soil was measured in three forest stands (in the mountainous region near Beijing, China) by the alkaline absorption method from 2004 to 2006. The rate of CO2 released did not differ among the three stands. The CO2 release rate ranged from ??341 to 1,193 mg m???2 h???1, and the mean value over all three forests and sampling times was 286 mg m???2 h???1. CO2 release was positively correlated with soil water content and the soil temperature. Diurnally, CO2 release was higher in the day than at night. Seasonally, CO2 release was highest in early autumn and lowest in winter; in winter, negative values of CO2 release suggested that CO2 was absorbed by soil. 相似文献
999.
丘陵地区水稻田使用毒死蜱对水体的污染及其生态风险 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
选择丘陵地区的小规模水稻田作为试验地,调查毒死蜱在该区域水稻田中的使用时间和使用量,监测不同时期水稻田进出水中毒死蜱残留水平.结果显示,毒死蜱使用后水稻田出水中毒死蜱残留水平高于进水,最高达26.07μg.L-1.从河流引入的进水中也存在毒死蜱残留,最高达3.23μg·L-1,说明上游农田已经对河水产生了污染.毒死蜱对斑马鱼(Brachydanio rerio)、大型溞(Daphnia magna)和斜生栅列藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的急性毒性测定结果分别为:斑马鱼,ρ(96h,LC50)为1.11mg·L-1;大型溞,ρ(48 h,EC50)为1.44μg·L-1;斜生栅列藻,ρ(72 h,EC50)为0.193 mg·L-1.根据欧盟急性毒性风险评价标准进行评估,结果表明毒死蜱对水稻田周边水体中鱼类和藻类为低风险,对大型溞为有风险. 相似文献
1000.
货物装载对货物本身与装载车辆的安全非常重要.货物装载的长度问题是货物装载安全的重要问题之一,对运输具有重要的影响.为了解决货物装载的长度问题,以车辆的弯曲力矩为工具,对装载货物车辆进行力学模型分析,最终得到货物装载最小长度的数学公式. 相似文献