郑州大气氮氧化物污染与灰色分析

通过对郑州市大气中NOx的监测和分析，初步揭示了NOx变化的规律。同时，运用灰色关联度分析，定量地分析了影响郑州市NOx变化的因素。并建立了该市的NOx产生量的GM（1，1）预测模型。结果表明：（1）影响NOx污染的主要因子是家庭用气普及率；（2）NOx在大气中的浓度呈逐年下降的趋势，2002年预测值为0.043mg/m^3。     

近年来昆明关上点降水酸度浅析

昆明市关上点历年降水均偏酸性，且近年来酸雨频次有所增多，频率有所增高，主要是昆明市地形地貌、气候特征、土壤酸度及废气排放中酸性物质排放量逐年上升所致。     

合肥台CTS-1分析系统网络组建

本文阐述了利用UNIX和WIN98/2000互联的局域网技术,对CTS-1系统进行优化配置,组建CTS-1网络分析系统,实现CTS-1系统数据共享,提高地震分析的效率,确保数据备份。利用代理软件用一个MODEM让各个子机同时上网,同时充分利用台站现有的计算机设备,最大限度的实现地震监控、速报、分析以及地震研究的同时开展。     

东湖沉积物中色素的环境意义研究

介绍了用紫外可见分光光度法测定东湖沉积物中几种指示色素含量的方法及各色素所代表的环境意义,探讨了近百年来东湖地区的环境演化历程。结果表明,近二十多年来,随着该地区工业的发展和人口的大量聚集,东湖已呈现严重的富营养化态势。     

厌氧折流板反应器处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水的研究

采用厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)处理玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,研究了工艺条件和工艺特征。试验结果表明 ,在HRT为 2 4h ,OLR为 6 .5 6kgCOD/m3 ·d条件下 ,ABR能有效处理浓度为 6 5 6 0mgCOD/L的玉米秆纤维浆粕废水 ,COD去除率为 75 .1% ;ABR对负荷冲击有良好的适应性 ,且具有推流式和两相式反应器的双重特点。     

中国山东电网燃煤锅炉NOx排放状况和治理技术试验研究

通过对山东电网所属发电厂锅炉NOx排放状况进行调查、测试,得出锅炉NOx排放量与煤种、炉型、燃烧器型式、运行中空气过剩系数、负荷等的关系.结果表明,山东省火力发电厂50 MW及以上容量机组2003年的NOx排放总量超过40万t(按NO2计算).控制和治理NOx排放已成为刻不容缓的重要工作.     

Effects of advanced traffic signal status warning systems on vehicle emission reductions at signalized intersections

Signalized intersections have been identified as vehicle emission hotspots, where drivers decelerate, idle, and accelerate their vehicles in response to signal changes. Advanced traffic signal status warning systems (ATSSWSs) can be applied to reduce traffic emissions at intersections by mitigating unnecessary braking and acceleration. In this study, two types of ATSSWSs, variable message sign (VMS) based and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) based, were designed, and their environmental effectiveness was evaluated through driving simulator-based experiments. Three scenarios were designed and tested: (1) baseline without an ATSSWS, (2) with the VMS-based ATSSWS, and (3) with the V2I-based ATSSWS. The Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator model was used to evaluate and compare the environmental effectiveness of these two types of ATSSWSs. The results indicate that the proposed ATSSWSs can reduce traffic emissions at signalized intersections. In particular, the V2I-based ATSSWS can substantially reduce CO₂, NOx, CO, and HC emissions. The results will help transportation practitioners with implementing advanced driver information systems and decision making on emission reduction policies.

Implications: Signalized intersection has been identified as one of hottest spots for vehicle emissions where signal control causes vehicles to frequently decelerate, idle, and accelerate. Advanced Traffic Signal Status Warning Systems (ATSSWS) can be applied to reduce traffic emission at intersections by decreasing vehicles’ unnecessary brakes and accelerations. The results of this study will assist transportation practitioners in implementing advanced driver information systems and making decisions on emission reduction policies.     

Integrated assessment for aerobic biodegradability of organic substances

In this paper, the amount of oxygen consumption, end products and activities of microorganisms are considered as the three factors which affect the biodegradability of organic substances in water. Two integrated assessment methods for biodegradability of organic substances, fuzzy clustering integrated assessment and weighted integrated assessment, have been developed. Simultaneously, the detail steps for assessing a new organic substance biodegradability with these two integrated assessment methods are proposed.     

Abatement of sulfur hexafluoride emissions from the semiconductor manufacturing process by atmospheric-pressure plasmas

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is an important gas for plasma etching processes in the semiconductor industry. SF6 intensely absorbs infrared radiation and, consequently, aggravates global warming. This study investigates SF6 abatement by nonthermal plasma technologies under atmospheric pressure. Two kinds of nonthermal plasma processes--dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and combined plasma catalysis (CPC)--were employed and evaluated. Experimental results indicated that as much as 91% of SF6 was removed with DBDs at 20 kV of applied voltage and 150 Hz of discharge frequency for the gas stream containing 300 ppm SF6, 12% oxygen (O2), and 40% argon (Ar), with nitrogen (N2) as the carrier gas. Four additives, including Ar, O2, ethylene (C2H4), and H2O(g), are effective in enhancing SF6 abatement in the range of conditions studied. DBD achieves a higher SF6 removal efficiency than does CPC at the same operation condition. But CPC achieves a higher electrical energy utilization compared with DBD. However, poisoning of catalysts by sulfur (S)-containing species needs further investigation. SF6 is mainly converted to SOF2, SO2F4, sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxygen difluoride (OF2), and fluoride (F2). They do not cause global warming and can be captured by either wet scrubbing or adsorption. This study indicates that DBD and CPC are feasible control technologies for reducing SF6 emissions.     

催化湿式氧化处理机械加工工业废水的研究

利用担载的双金属活性组分催化剂，考察了反应温度、压力、进料空速和污水pH等条件对催化湿式氧化处理某厂机械加工废水效果的影响。对于该厂的混合废水，在反应温度260℃，反应压力6．6MPa，空速为2．0h^-1，pH为3条件下处理后的废水CODCr去除率为90．2％。考察了助剂H2O2、絮凝剂对处理废水效果的影响和各种联用技术对废水的处理效果。