A 100 year sedimentary record of heavy metal pollution in a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Chaohu, China

This study has worked on the evaluation of the temporal and spatial evolution of heavy metal contamination in sediment taken from a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Chaohu, China, over the last 100 years, and thereby used (137)Cs and (210)Pb dating, a PIRLA procedure, statistical analysis, geochemical normalization and a enrichment factor calculation (EF). Concentrations of 5174, 29?325, 10.7, 36.4, 20.4, 386.0, 21.1 and 38.4 mg kg(-1) for Ti, Fe, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn, respectively, are proposed as natural background values for the Lake Chaohu based on a PIRLA procedure. The contamination history from the last 100 years can be divided into two periods. Before the 1960s, heavy metal contamination did not occur and there was no spatial difference for heavy metal distribution. Since the 1960s, heavy metal enrichment and contamination has occurred, and the west half of the lake region showed a higher degree of contamination than the east half to various intensified anthropogenic activities. In the east half of the lake region, the anthropogenic source of heavy metals mainly originated from agricultural intensification, whereas in the west half of the lake it originated from city runoff and industry as well as agriculture. In all anthropogenic heavy metals, Co is only from industry.     

Characterization, treatment and releases of PBDEs and PAHs in a typical municipal sewage treatment plant situated beside an urban river, East China

Characterization, treatment and releases of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) congeners and sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater were evaluated along the treatment processes of a typical secondary treatment municipal sewage treatment plant (STP) (in Hefei City) situated the beside Nanfei River, East China. The findings showed that the average concentrations of the total PBDEs in raw wastewater and treated effluent were 188.578 and 36.884 ng/L respectively. Brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) 209 congener, the predominant PBDE in the STP and Nanfei River, could be related to the discharge of car-industry-derived wastes. For PAHs, the average concentrations in raw wastewater and treated effluent were 5758.8 and 2240.4 ng/L respectively, with naphthalene, benzo[a]pyrene and indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene being detected at the highest concentrations. PAHs mainly originate from the combustion of biomass/coal and petroleum. The STP reduced about 80% of the PBDEs and 61% of the PAHs, which were eliminated mainly by sedimentation processes. The removal rates of PBDEs/PAHs increased with the increase of their solid-water partitioning coefficients. Accordingly, the STP's effluent, containing some PBDE congeners (e.g., BDE 47, 99 and 209, etc.) and low-molecular-weight PAHs, could be an important contributor of these contaminants' input to Nanfei River. It resulted in a significant increase of PBDE/PAH concentrations and PAH toxicological risk in the river water downstream. About 4.040 kg/yr of PBDEs and 245.324 kg/yr of PAHs could be released into the Nanfei River. The current conventional wastewater treatment processes should be improved to remove the relatively low-molecular-weight PBDEs/PAHs more effectively.     

中国流域综合规划环境影响评价指标体系初探

从国内外流域综合规划环境影响评价程序、流域综合规划环境影响评价主体以及生态评价指标等方面进行综述,分析了中国流域综合规划环境影响评价在介入时间、累积影响方面存在的问题,提出应以水资源、水环境、生态环境、社会环境、经济环境等为评价主体,生态环境影响评价指标要充分结合国家生态保护红线划定和生态文明建设要求,并提出了流域综合规划环境影响评价的未来发展趋势.     

大掺量工业废渣普通硅酸盐水泥

利用工业 废渣煤 矸石、液态 渣、磷渣 、锰渣、磷 石膏生产 ４２５ Ｒ 型普 通硅 酸盐 水泥。 水泥 中工业废 渣的掺 量 达 ３５ ％ 以 上， 其 ３ ｄ 平 均 抗 压 强 度 达 到 了 ２ ６５ Ｍ Ｐａ ，２８ｄ 平 均 抗 压 强 度 达 到 了５２４ Ｍ Ｐａ 。该项技 术值得推 广借鉴     

回灌型准好氧填埋场脱氮特性及加速稳定化研究

采用2个模拟填埋生物反应器,1号柱渗滤液简单回灌,2号柱为渗滤液回灌准好氧联合运行方式,研究了渗滤液回灌准好氧生物反应器填埋场的脱氮特性及加速垃圾稳定化特性。研究结果表明：渗滤液回灌准好氧填埋场具有很强的脱氮能力,2号柱由厌氧运行方式改为准好氧条件下,渗滤液中的氨氮和凯式氮浓度分别由最大值的3198mg／L和3345mg／L降低到第160d的73mg／L和81mg／L,去除率分别为97．7％和97．6％,pH快速升高到8．0左右,COD浓度快速降低。渗滤液中溶解性有机物（DOM）分级结果表明,2号柱HA和FA含量的增加明显快于1号柱。2号柱DOM的三维荧光光谱特性发生了较大变化,荧光基团从60d结构简单的类蛋白物质转变为95d结构复杂的类胡敏酸和富里酸物质,而1号柱渗滤液DOM荧光基团一直是结构简单的类蛋白物质。结果表明回灌准好氧生物反应器填埋场的稳定化速度远快于简单回灌的生物反应器填埋场。     

Combined effects of air pollution in adulthood and famine exposure in early life on type 2 diabetes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Famine exposure or air pollution is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their combined effects on T2DM remain largely unknown. A total...     

Cadmium removal mechanistic comparison of three Fe-based nanomaterials: Water-chemistry and roles of Fe dissolution

● nZVI, S-nZVI, and nFeS were systematically compared for Cd(II) removal. ● Cd(II) removal by nZVI involved coprecipitation, complexation, and reduction. ● The predominant reaction for Cd(II) removal by S-nZVI and nFeS was replacement. ● A simple pseudo-second-order kinetic can adequately fit Fe(II) dissolution. Cadmium (Cd) is a common toxic heavy metal in the environment. Taking Cd(II) as a target contaminant, we systematically compared the performances of three Fe-based nanomaterials (nano zero valent iron, nZVI; sulfidated nZVI, S-nZVI; and nano FeS, nFeS) for Cd immobilization under anaerobic conditions. Effects of nanomaterials doses, initial pH, co-existing ions, and humic acid (HA) were examined. Under identical conditions, at varied doses or initial pH, Cd(II) removal by three materials followed the order of S-nZVI > nFeS > nZVI. At pH 6, the Cd(II) removal within 24 hours for S-nZVI, nFeS, and nZVI (dose of 20 mg/L) were 93.50%, 89.12% and 4.10%, respectively. The fast initial reaction rate of nZVI did not lead to a high removal capacity. The Cd removal was slightly impacted or even improved with co-existing ions (at 50 mg/L or 200 mg/L) or HA (at 2 mg/L or 20 mg/L). Characterization results revealed that nZVI immobilized Cd through coprecipitation, surface complexation, and reduction, whereas the mechanisms for sulfidated materials involved replacement, coprecipitation, and surface complexation, with replacement as the predominant reaction. A strong linear correlation between Cd(II) removal and Fe(II) dissolution was observed, and we proposed a novel pseudo-second-order kinetic model to simulate Fe(II) dissolution.     

PM2.5 exposure inducing ATP alteration links with NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been the primary air pollutant and the fourth leading risk factor for disease and death in the world. Exposure to...     

Correction to: PM2.5 exposure inducing ATP alteration links with NLRP3 inflammasome activation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research -