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41.
我国部分河流重金属水-固分配系数及在河流质量基准研究中的应用 总被引:21,自引:3,他引:18
计算了我国部分河流天然物理化学条件下重金属在水相-颗粒物相间的分配系数,长江水系重金属水-固分配系数大于黄河反映了颗粒物度组成的差异,而长江口重金属-固分配系数大于长江武汉段则反映了离子强度的影响,在此基础上,运用平衡分配法根据实测天然分配系数尝试了长江,黄河沉积物某重金属的质量基准。 相似文献
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Zheng Keyang Zeng Zhijun Lin Yucong Wang Qihua Tian Qianwen Huo Xia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(8):19642-19661
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely detected in indoor dust, which has been identified as a more important route of PBDE exposure for... 相似文献
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Xijin Xu Weitang Liao Yucong Lin Yifeng Dai Zhihua Shi Xia Huo 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2018,40(4):1481-1494
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA damage occurs in heavy metal exposure, but the simultaneous effect on DNA repair is unknown. We investigated the influence of co-exposure of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) on 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and human repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) mRNA levels in exposed children to evaluate the imbalance of DNA damage and repair. Children within the age range of 3–6 years from a primitive electronic waste (e-waste) recycling town were chosen as participants to represent a heavy metal-exposed population. 8-OHdG in the children’s urine was assessed for heavy metal-induced oxidative effects, and the hOGG1 mRNA level in their blood represented the DNA repair ability of the children. Among the children surveyed, 88.14% (104/118) had a blood Pb level >5 μg/dL, 22.03% (26/118) had a blood Cd level >1 μg/dL, and 62.11% (59/95) had a blood Hg level >10 μg/dL. Having an e-waste workshop near the house was a risk factor contributing to high blood Pb (r s = 0.273, p < 0.01), while Cd and Hg exposure could have come from other contaminant sources. Preschool children of fathers who had a college or university education had significantly lower 8-OHdG levels (median 242.76 ng/g creatinine, range 154.62–407.79 ng/g creatinine) than did children of fathers who had less education (p = 0.035). However, we did not observe a significant difference in the mRNA expression levels of hOGG1 between the different variables. Compared with children having low lead exposure (quartile 1), the children with high Pb exposure (quartiles 2, 3, and 4) had significantly higher 8-OHdG levels (β Q2 = 0.362, 95% CI 0.111–0.542; β Q3 = 0.347, 95% CI 0.103–0.531; β Q4 = 0.314, 95% CI 0.087–0.557). Associations between blood Hg levels and 8-OHdG were less apparent. Compared with low levels of blood Hg (quartile 1), elevated blood Hg levels (quartile 2) were associated with higher 8-OHdG levels (β Q2 = 0.236, 95% CI 0.039–0.406). Compared with children having low lead exposure (quartile 1), the children with high Pb exposure (quartiles 2, 3, and 4) had significantly higher 8-OHdG levels. 相似文献
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本文在回顾了山东省治理造纸行业结构性污染历程后,总结了治理造纸行业结构性污染的基本经验,即推行清洁生产是解决造纸行业结构性污染的有效途径:治理技术的创新是解决造纸行业结构性污染的保证,规模化生产、集约化经营是提高造纸企业发展水平的基础。由此得到三点启示:一是高消耗、高污染的工艺和设备实质上属于落后生产力,在开放和规范的市场经济条件下是没有前途的;二是采取比较职极的环保措施,是推动产业结构调整,改善环境质量,促进企业走新型工业化道路的重要手段;三是制定分阶段逐步加严的引导性行业标准是新时期政府环境管理的新举措。 相似文献
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Hanxiao Zhang Shouliang Huo Kevin M. Yeager Chaocan Li Beidou Xi Jingtian Zhang Zhuoshi He Chunzi Ma 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(9):174-182
Climate change and anthropogenic activities are expected to impact the environmental behaviors and fates of persistent organic pollutants(POPs), however, quantitative studies on these combined factors are scarce. In this study, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDTs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs), and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)were used as examples to identify how and when those factors may be related to the deposition of POPs in the sediment of Lake Chaohu, China, using generalized additive models(GAMs). Three historical trends of DDT, PAH, and PCB deposition were delineated in a dated sediment core encompassing ~100 years of historical record: a steady state or gradually increasing stage, a rapidly increasing stage, and a declining stage. The GAM results showed that aquatic total phosphorus(TP) concentrations and regional GDP(anthropogenic factors) were dominant contributors to POP accumulation rates in the lake sediment. The fitted relationships between air temperature and sedimentary DDT and PAH concentrations were linear and negative, while a positive linear relationship was found for PCBs, suggesting that Lake Chaohu may have become a net source for DDTs and PAHs, and a sink for PCBs, under a progressively warming climate. 相似文献
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粒状羟基氧化铁对废水中硝酸盐的吸附 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本实验研究了粒状羟基氧化铁(GFH)对人工配制含氮废水中NO3--N吸附的影响因素、吸附等温线和吸附动力学。结果表明,GFH的吸附平衡时间为80 min,增加NO3--N溶液的初始浓度,去除率下降;pH值为5时GFH对NO3--N的吸附能力最强,pH值升高和降低,吸附能力均下降;GFH对NO3--N的吸附能力随着温度的升高略有降低;在25℃下,以Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程分别对GFH吸附NO3--N的等温线进行拟合,拟合效果以Langmuir方程较好,相关性达到0.9930。GFH吸附NO3--N的过程符合拟二级动力学方程,初始时刻的吸附速率h在35℃时最大,为1.653 mg/(g.mg),吸附速率常数随温度的升高而增大;吸附反应的活化能Ea为54.72 kJ/mol。本研究结果表明,GFH在饮用水脱氮和含氮浓度较低的污水再生回用领域有实际应用的潜力。 相似文献