龙须草的生长习性、繁殖方法和高产栽培技术

本文介绍了龙须草的生长习性、繁殖方法、水土保持栽培方法和高产栽培密度,以及其施肥技术     

钻井废水处理技术探讨

利用现有装备处理钻井废水,处理后的水质已不能满足２０００年企业污染物排放达标的规定要求。川东钻探公司从美国引进了Ｈｙｄｒｏｃａｌ钻井污水处理系统,对目前石油系统钻井废水普遍存在的技术问题进行了探讨,提出了应借鉴国外钻井污水处理系统的优点。建议钻井废水处理装备的研制仍然应采用提高混凝沉淀效果、固液分离水平及控制水平等     

The distribution and availability of phosphorus fractions in restored cut slopes soil aggregates: a case study of subalpine road,Southwest China

● There was no significant difference in soil aggregates TP along altitude gradient. ● Overall, PAC dropped steadily as aggregate size increased. ● In soil aggregate sizes, TPi > TPo > R-P at 3009,3347 and 3654 m except 3980 m. ● Active NaHCO₃-Pi was the main AP source. ● Proportion of small aggregate sizes was emphasized to increase AP storage. The distribution and availability of phosphorus (P) fractions in restored cut slope soil aggregates, along altitude gradients, were analyzed. Samples were collected at 3009, 3347, 3654 and 3980 m of altitude. We examined soil aggregates total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP) and phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC), and discovered that there was no significant difference in TP levels between all four altitudes samples (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in AP at 3009, 3347 and 3980 m of altitude (p < 0.05). At the altitudes of 3009, 3347 and 3654 m, the AP accumulation in small size aggregates was more advantageous. Overall, PAC dropped steadily as soil aggregates sizes increased, as shown: PAC (3654 m) > PAC (3347 m) > PAC (3009 m) > PAC (3980 m). In all particle size soil aggregates, the distribution of the P fractions was as follows: total inorganic phosphorus (TPi) > total organic phosphorus (TPo) > residual phosphorus (R-P), at 3009, 3347 and 3654 m, but a different registry was observed at 3980 m of altitude: TPo > TPi > R-P. Through correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis, it was concluded that active NaHCO₃-Pi was the main AP source. It was also suggested that more attention should be given to the ratio of small particle size aggregates to increase soil AP storage. In order to improve the activation capacity and supply of soil P, along with promotion of the healthy development of soil ecosystem on slope land, it was suggest that inorganic P fertilizer and P activator could be added to soil at both low (3009 m) and high altitudes (3980 m).     

半干半湿法烟气脱硫装置中喷雾增湿技术的研究

脱硫塔内喷雾增湿技术是影响燃煤锅炉半干半湿法烟气脱硫效果的一个重要环节。分析了供水量和压力的变化关系 ,通过对脱硫装置喷雾增湿技术的优化 ,实现对增湿系统高压水的压强的精确调节 ,控制脱硫塔内雾滴的颗粒直径在 80 μm左右 ,从而达到理想的增湿效果     

甲醛检测管的初步研制

运用苯系物与甲醛在酸催化下发生显色反应生成树脂状褐色产物的原理,初步研制了一种能够测定空气中低浓度甲醛的检测管。其载体为６０～８０目的活化硅胶;玻璃管内径为１８～２０ｍｍ;指示粉为硅胶、浓硫酸和二甲苯的混合物。对空气进行测定的采样条件为：采气速度００５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ,采样量３Ｌ。经初步试验,该检测管变色长度与甲醛的浓度具有较好的相关性（γ＝０９９４１）;检测之重现性较好（不同浓度测定的变异系数小于２５％）;灵敏度较高（最低显色浓度为０１ｍｇ／ｍ３）。     

厌氧氨氧化-反硝化协同脱氮研究

采用厌氧氨氧化（ANAMMOX）工艺的上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）-生物膜反应器（简称反应器）处理高浓度含氮废水,启动并稳定运行630d后,进行进水浓度负荷实验分析。当进水ρ（NH3-N）,ρ（NO2--N）,ρ（TN）分别为340．0,448．8,788．8mg／L时,其去除率分别为84．0％,93．0％,85．0％。在反应器中连续加入有机物（葡萄糖）,进水ρ（NH3-N）和ρ（NO2--N）分别为240．0,316．8mg／L,进水COD为330．0—380．0mg／L,COD去除率达92．0％。仅用23d,在同一反应器系统中成功实现了ANAMMOX与反硝化协同作用脱氮。葡萄糖的存在对系统去除NH3-N和NO2--N的能力影响不大。     

热防护系统热真空模拟试验技术

介绍了一种能模拟可重复使用运载器热防护系统内、外表面气动热和压力环境的热真空模拟试验装置,该装置不仅能模拟TPS外表面所受气动热和气动压力条件,还能模拟TPS内表面的真空压力环境。其外部环境压力4．0×10^2-2.0×10^5Pa,内部环境压力4．0～1．013×10^5Pa,热面温度可高达1100℃。利用该装置可以对热防护系统的传热性能进行稳态和瞬态测试。简要介绍了该装置的构成及功能,以及用其进行材料和结构的传热性能测试的试验方法。该装置的研制将为我国高超音速飞行器热防护系统的验证提供必要的技术手段。     

超临界水氧化法处理除草剂生产废水及热能的研究

利用 2 .2 L +1.7L超临界水氧化反应器对除草剂生产废水进行了处理实验。结果表明 :在温度 >60 0℃、压力 >3 2MPa,氧化反应时间为 180 s时 ,其 COD去除率达 98.1% ;氧化反应时间为 3 0 0 s时 ,其 COD去除率达 99.8%。处理后的排水达到国家规定的标准。同时利用氧弹法对该废水热值进行了测试 ,利用热平衡方程式对该试验装置的热效率进行了分析     

电镀行业铜、镍、锌产排污系数的核算

针对现有国家《产排污系数手册》中电镀行业重金属产排污系数的不完整问题,以深圳市电镀企业分布较多的宝安区和龙岗区为研究对象,采用全面调研和个案实测的方法,将电镀行业典型镀种铜、镍、锌划分为18组四同组合。根据调研数据计算获得了每组四同组合的产排污系数,并通过个案实测验证了产排污系数的合理性及适用性。结果表明,产排污系数法计算的产污量误差在16%以内,排污量误差在30%以内,所以产排污系数能够推广应用于电镀行业重金属污染排放量核算。     

厢式隔膜压滤机深度脱水最优过滤压力

利用Fluent软件选用混合模型,采用多孔介质模型对厢式隔膜压滤机单个滤室内污泥两相流体进行模拟仿真,得到不同过滤压力下滤室内流体的体积分数轮廓图、压强云图,得出滤饼含水率与过滤压力大小的关系。实验结果表明,模拟和实验结果具有较好的一致性。过滤压力在0.4 MPa到1.0 MPa之间,滤饼含水率随过滤压力的增大而大幅度下降;过滤压力1.0 MPa到1.6 MPa之间,滤饼含水率随过滤压力的增大,下降幅度较小;综合考虑能耗且获得低含水率的滤饼,过滤压力的合理取值为1.0 MPa。