基于生命周期评价法的条斑紫菜养殖加工产业碳足迹分析

应用生命周期评价法（LCA）对条斑紫菜养殖加工行业进行了全周期的碳足迹分析，明确了各环节中碳排放源的种类和数量。结果表明，100亩条斑紫菜养殖加工过程中碳排放总量为1.25×10⁵~2.47×10⁵ kg CO₂，远高于条斑紫菜100亩养殖形成的可移出碳汇量（9.43×10³ kg CO₂）。基于全产业链的分析，条斑紫菜产业尚不是一个碳汇产业。养殖阶段碳排放量最大，排放源主要来自石油化工材料的大量使用。二次加工阶段碳排放量仅次于养殖阶段，排放源主要来自纸壳包装和塑料包装的大量使用。在一次加工阶段，热源的使用是影响该阶段碳排放的主要影响因素，生物质燃料是碳排放量最低的热源形式。     

The effect of spent bleaching earth ageing process on its physicochemical and microbial composition and its potential use as a source of fatty acids and triterpenes

This study was aimed at investigating the physicochemical and microbiological changes that took place during the ageing process of spent bleaching earth in the presence of autochthonous microorganisms. Research material included fresh spent bleaching earth (SBE₀) and the same material after 3 years of storage at the constant temperature of 20 °C, without aeration and moistening (SBE₃). Changes in the chemical composition of analysed waste material were observed during its ageing process point to a spontaneous bioconversion of fat substance towards formation and/or release of free saturated fatty acids C16:0 and C18:0 (14.3 g 100 g^?1 D.M.), triterpenes (8.48 g 100 g^?1 D.M.), cholesterol (3.29 g 100 g^?1 D.M.), small quantities of carbohydrates and esters (0.80 g 100 g^?1 D.M.). This process was accompanied by other changes in physicochemical parameters of the waste material, such as colour, odour and viscosity, decrease in fat content from 28.27 to 24.6 % and that of soluble forms of metals (Mo, Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn), ranging from 25 to 75 %, and an increase in pH, from 3.85 to 4.2. At the same time, changes in the microbial consortium were observed.     

A double‐edged sword: The moderating role of conscientiousness in the relationships between work stressors,psychological strain,and job performance

Although conscientiousness was commonly viewed as a type of personal resource to help individuals reduce strain or mitigate the impacts of stressors, empirical research demonstrated mixed results. Based on the personal resource allocation perspective, we posited that rather than functioning as personal resource per se, conscientiousness may act as a key factor influencing how individuals allocate their personal resources. The current study examined the moderating roles of conscientiousness in the relationships that work stressors (i.e., challenge stressors and hindrance stressors) have with employee psychological strain and job performance by using multi‐source, time‐lagged data collected from 250 employees working at two companies. The results showed that both challenge stressors and hindrance stressors were positively related to psychological strain. Conscientiousness moderated the relationships between both stressors and psychological strain, such that the positive relationships were stronger for individuals with high conscientiousness. Conscientiousness also moderated the relationship between challenge stressors and performance, such that the relationship was positive for individuals with high conscientiousness but negative for those with low conscientiousness. Altogether, the findings suggest that conscientiousness acts as a double‐edged sword that both promotes performance and exacerbates the stress reaction of employees when they are confronted with stressful situations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of two understory plant species in response to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in tropical forest of southern China北大核心CSCD

The secondary tropical forests in southern China have suffered from frequent human disturbance and increasing high N deposition. In order to explore the nutrient limitation status in secondary tropical forests of South China, this 3-year field experiment of nitrogen (+N) and phosphorus (+P) addition investigated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations of the aboveground tissue (leaf and branch) of two widely distributed understory native species Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum and Uvaria microcarpa in a secondary tropical forest of South China. The results showed that: 1) the N and P concentrations of the two species were significantly different (P < 0.001); N and P concentrations of different tissues in the same species were different; N&P addition greatly affected N and P concentrations in branch rather than new leaf and older leaf. 2) +N treatment had no significant effect on N or P concentrations of either species, but significantly decreased N:P ratios (P = 0.001), at the level of 9% for C. cyrtophyllum and 50% for U. microcarpa, respectively. 3) +P treatment had no significant effect on tissue N concentrations, but significantly increased plant P concentrations (P < 0.001), at 54% for C. cyrtophyllum and 88% for U. microcarpa, respectively; +P treatment significantly decreased plant N:P ratios (P < 0.001), at 28% and 60%, respectively. 4) The alterations of P concentrations of two species had significantly negative correlations with N:P alterations under +N/+P treatment (P < 0.001), suggesting that the alteration of P concentrations in plant tissue was the major driver for N:P alteration. Our results show that N and P addition would affect tissue N and P concentrations of the two species, with +P treatment having relatively greater effect on nutrient concentrations than +N treatment; the branch is more sensitive than new or older leaf in response to nutrient addition. Therefore, P availability may be the limiting factor for plant growth in the tropical forests.     

赣中南柑橘果实生长发育规律与栽培技术关系

通过果实体积的累积生长量,日均生长速度和相对生长速率三个指标的测定。可得到各类果实生长的“Ｓ”形曲线。生长呈三个时期,第一期为细胞分裂期,这个时期,生长速度较慢,而相对生长速率最高,是是实生长能力最高阶段;第二期为细胞膨大期,生长速度最快时期,而相对生长速率则呈下降趋势;第三期为成熟期,日均生长速度和相对生长速率都是低速和稳定时期。主要内部生理变化,柑橘各类果 个指标各异,此外,果实生长过程中,有     

流态化电极电解法处理含氰废水

采用细粒膨胀石墨流态化阳极电解法处理含氰量为８０－９０ｍｇ／Ｌ的废水，试验选择出的处理条件为：ｐＨ９－１０，废水流速４２－４５Ｌ／ｈ，槽电流２－３Ａ，ＮａＣｌ加入量１．５－３．０ｇ／Ｌ。同样条件下，使用细粒膨胀石墨流态化电极的电解除氰效果较用简形板状电极好。     

测微技术在废水生化处理中的应用

利用测微技术对扬子石化公司水厂厌氧装置进行菌种分布，颗粒污泥粒径的测定，从微观的角度来反映装置的运行情况，为实际运行操作提供参考。     

环保型煤炭开采与利用技术--煤炭地下气化

介绍了煤炭地下气化技术的开发与应用，相比传统煤炭开采燃用技术，煤炭地下气化实现了煤炭清洁开采与利用，指出煤炭地下气化技术是环保型开采与利用技术，应用积极推广利用。