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191.
Bazzazpour Shahriyar Rahmatinia Masoumeh Mohebbi Seyed Reza Hadei Mostafa Shahsavani Abbas Hopke Philip K. Houshmand Behzad Raeisi Alireza Jafari Ahmad Jonidi Yarahmadi Maryam Farhadi Mohsen Hasanzadeh Vajihe Kermani Majid Vaziri Mohmmad Hossien Tanhaei Mohammad Zali Mohammad Reza Alipour Mohammad Reza 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(57):85586-85594
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the indoor environment of dental clinics, dental personnel and patients are exposed to a risk of infection because of the transmission of... 相似文献
192.
Environmental Modeling & Assessment - Evapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in agricultural water management and crop modeling. The highest mean annual ET values (889–1016 mm)... 相似文献
193.
Role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the remediation of metal contaminated soils 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Mohammad Saghir Khan Almas Zaidi Parvaze Ahmad Wani Mohammad Oves 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2009,7(1):1-19
Pollution of the biosphere by the toxic metals is a global threat that has accelerated dramatically since the beginning of
industrial revolution. The primary source of this pollution includes the industrial operations such as mining, smelting, metal
forging, combustion of fossil fuels and sewage sludge application in agronomic practices. The metals released from these sources
accumulate in soil and in turn, adversely affect the microbial population density and physico-chemical properties of soils,
leading to the loss of soil fertility and yield of crops. The heavy metals in general cannot be biologically degraded to more
or less toxic products and hence, persist in the environment. Conventional methods used for metal detoxification produce large
quantities of toxic products and are cost-effective. The advent of bioremediation technology has provided an alternative to
conventional methods for remediating the metal-poisoned soils. In metal-contaminated soils, the natural role of metal-tolerant
plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in maintaining soil fertility is more important than in conventional agriculture, where
greater use of agrochemicals minimize their significance. Besides their role in metal detoxification/removal, rhizobacteria
also promote the growth of plants by other mechanisms such as production of growth promoting substances and siderophores.
Phytoremediation is another emerging low-cost in situ technology employed to remove pollutants from the contaminated soils.
The efficiency of phytoremediation can be enhanced by the judicious and careful application of appropriate heavy-metal tolerant,
plant growth promoting rhizobacteria including symbiotic nitrogen-fixing organisms. This review presents the results of studies
on the recent developments in the utilization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for direct application in soils contaminated
with heavy metals under a wide range of agro-ecological conditions with a view to restore contaminated soils and consequently,
promote crop productivity in metal-polluted soils across the globe and their significance in phytoremediation. 相似文献
194.
Modeling carbon sequestration under zero tillage at the regional scale. I. The effect of soil erosion 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Thomas Gaiser Karl Stahr Norbert Billen Mohammad Abdel-Razek Mohammad 《Ecological modelling》2008,218(1-2):110-120
Zero tillage is recognized as a potential measure to sequester carbon dioxide in soils and to reduce CO2 emissions from arable lands. An up-scaling approach of the output of the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model with the information system SLISYS-BW has been used to estimate the CO2-mitigation potential in the state of Baden-Württemberg (SW-Germany). The state territory of 35,742 km2 is subdivided into eight agro-ecological zones (AEZ), which have been further subdivided into a total of 3976 spatial response units. Annual CO2-mitigation rates where estimated from the changes in soil organic carbon content comparing 30 years simulations under conventional and zero tillage. Special attention was given to the influence of tillage practices on the losses of organic carbon through soil erosion, and consequently on the calculation of CO2-mitigation rates. Under conventional tillage, mean carbon losses through erosion in the AEZ were estimated to be up to 0.45 Mg C ha−1 a−1. The apparent CO2-mitigation rate for the conversion from conventional to zero tillage ranges from 0.08 to 1.82 Mg C ha−1 a−1 in the eight AEZ, if the carbon losses through soil erosion are included in the calculations. However, the higher carbon losses under conventional tillage compared to zero tillage are composed of both, losses through enhanced CO2 emissions, and losses through intensified soil erosion. The adjusted net CO2-mitigation rates of zero tillage, subtracting the reduced carbon losses through soil erosion, are between 0.07 and 1.27 Mg C ha−1 a−1 and the estimated net mitigation rate for the entire state amounts to 285 Gg C a−1. This equals to 1045 Gg CO2-equivalents per year with the cropping patterns in the reference year 2000. The results call attention to the necessity to revise those estimation methods for CO2-mitigation which are exclusively or predominantly based on the measurements of differential changes in total soil organic carbon without taking into account the tillage effects on carbon losses through soil erosion. 相似文献
195.
Siddique YH Ara G Beg T Afzal M 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2007,28(2):279-282
Antioxidants and plant products are reported to reduce the genotoxic damage of steroids. In our present study we have tested different dosages of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) against the genotoxic damage induced by ethynodiol diacetate in the presence of S9 mix. Treatments with nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) results in the reduction of the genotoxic damage. A significant decrease was observed at all the tested doses of NDGA in sister chromatic exchanges of number of abnormal cells. The results suggest a protective role of NDGA against the genotoxic damage. 相似文献
196.
Solid waste management (SWM) is a multidimensional challenge faced by urban authorities, especially in developing countries like Bangladesh. We investigated per capita waste generation by residents, its composition, and the households' attitudes towards waste management at Rahman Nagar Residential Area, Chittagong, Bangladesh. The study involved a structured questionnaire and encompassed 75 households from five different socioeconomic groups (SEGs): low (LSEG), lower middle (LMSEG), middle (MSEG), upper middle (UMSEG) and high (HSEG). Wastes, collected from all of the groups of households, were segregated and weighed. Waste generation was 1.3kg/household/day and 0.25kg/person/day. Household solid waste (HSW) was comprised of nine categories of wastes with vegetable/food waste being the largest component (62%). Vegetable/food waste generation increased from the HSEG (47%) to the LSEG (88%). By weight, 66% of the waste was compostable in nature. The generation of HSW was positively correlated with family size (r(xy)=0.236, p<0.05), education level (r(xy)=0.244, p<0.05) and monthly income (r(xy)=0.671, p<0.01) of the households. Municipal authorities are usually the responsible agencies for solid waste collection and disposal, but the magnitude of the problem is well beyond the ability of any municipal government to tackle. Hence dwellers were found to take the service from the local waste management initiative. Of the respondents, an impressive 44% were willing to pay US$0.3 to US$0.4 per month to waste collectors and it is recommended that service charge be based on the volume of waste generated by households. Almost a quarter (22.7%) of the respondents preferred 12-1pm as the time period for their waste to be collected. This study adequately shows that household solid waste can be converted from burden to resource through segregation at the source, since people are aware of their role in this direction provided a mechanism to assist them in this pursuit exists and the burden is distributed according to the amount of waste generated. 相似文献
197.
Maqbool U Ul-Haq A Qureshi MJ 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2008,43(3):224-230
In-house developed ELISA was standardized to monitor atrazine residues in different environmental samples. The standard curve was linear, indicating an increase in log concentration with decrease in absorbance (%B/B(0)=1.075-0.042 Log C; r= -0.966). The middle of the test was at 75 ng/L and the lowest detection limit at 4 ng/L. ELISA significantly correlated with the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (r=0.990). Internal validation showed good accuracy and precision. Maximum atrazine residues were present in Jehlum River water/sediments and maize/sugarcane plant roots. Most of the food samples were found to be contaminated. ELISA required less clean-up steps than HPLC, but showed matrix effect in soil/colored extracts. 相似文献
198.
Water Quality Changes in Chini Lake, Pahang, West Malaysia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A study of the water quality changes of Chini Lake was conducted for 12 months, which began in May 2004 and ended in April 2005. Fifteen sampling stations were selected representing the open water body in the lake. A total of 14 water quality parameters were measured and Malaysian Department of Environment Water Quality Index (DOE-WQI) was calculated and classified according to the Interim National Water Quality Standard, Malaysia (INWQS). The physical and chemical variables were temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), conductivity, pH, total dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity, chlorophyll-a, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), ammonia-N, nitrate, phosphate and sulphate. Results show that base on Malaysian WQI, the water in Chini Lake is classified as class II, which is suitable for recreational activities and allows body contact. With respect to the Interim National Water Quality Standard (INWQS), temperature was within the normal range, conductivity, TSS, nitrate, sulphate and TDS are categorized under class I. Parameters for DO, pH, turbidity, BOD, COD and ammonia-N are categorized under class II. Comparison with eutrophic status indicates that chlorophyll-a concentration in the lake was in mesotrophic condition. In general water quality in Chini Lake varied temporally and spatially, and the most affected water quality parameters were TSS, turbidity, chlorophyll-a, sulphate, DO, ammonia-N, pH and conductivity. 相似文献
199.
Hossain MB Jahiruddin M Panaullah GM Loeppert RH Islam MR Duxbury JM 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):739-744
Spatial distribution of arsenic (As) concentrations of irrigation water, soil and plant (rice) in a shallow tube-well (STW) command area (8 ha), and their relationship with Fe, Mn and P were studied. Arsenic concentrations of water in the 110 m long irrigation channel clearly decreased with distance from the STW point, the range being 68-136 μg L−1. Such decreasing trend was also noticed with Fe and P concentrations, but the trend for Mn concentrations was not remarkable. Concerning soil As, the concentration showed a decreasing tendency with distance from the pump. The NH4-oxalate extractable As contributed 36% of total As and this amount of As was associated with poorly crystalline Fe-oxides. Furthermore only 22% of total As was phosphate extractable so that most of the As was tightly retained by soil constituents and was not readily exchangeable by phosphate. Soil As (both total and extractable As) was significantly and positively correlated with rice grain As (0.296 ± 0.063 μg g−1, n = 56). Next to drinking water, rice could be a potential source of As exposure of the people living in the As affected areas of Bangladesh. 相似文献
200.
Phulpoto Anwar Hussain Qazi Muneer Ahmed Haq Ihsan Ul Phul Abdul Rahman Ahmed Safia Kanhar Nisar Ahmed 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16578-16578
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The original publication of this paper contains a mistake. 相似文献