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451.
Franziska Rohr Christian Ulrichs Monika Schreiner Chau Nhi Nguyen Inga Mewis 《Chemoecology》2011,21(3):171-180
Glucosinolates (GSs) are part of a two-component defence system, characteristic for the Brassicales, including the model species
Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. The defence activity of GSs is associated with different side chain structures. The AOP genes are central in side-chain modification. AOP2 mediates formation of alkenyl GS from a methylsulfinyl precursor, whereas
AOP3 catalyzes production of hydroxy-alkyl GSs from the same precursor. Although several studies have assessed the role of
GSs in plant defence, the function of specific aliphatic GSs in plant defence is still not clarified. Structural different
GSs may influence insect herbivores differentially. We created a set of plant lines derived of a cross between two A. thaliana accessions, Gie-0 × Sap-0, which dominantly accumulate either 3-methylsulfinylpropyl GS or 3-hydroxypropyl GS. The generalist
Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the crucifer-specialist Pieris brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) were used as model insects, to study effects of individual aliphatic GSs on lepidopteran herbivores
with a different feeding specialization. However, the experiments revealed that weight gain of S. exigua and P. brassicae third and fourth-larval instars was similar on both chemotypes. But leaf consumption of the generalist was higher on 3-methylsulfinylpropyl-producing
lines with low GS levels (23.2 μmol g−1) than on 3-hydroxypropyl-producing lines that contained a more than twofold higher amount of GSs (60 μmol g−1). In contrast, no differential effects of non-hydroxylated and hydroxylated GSs were found on the specialist P. brassicae. Our study indicates that there is no simple relationship between GS content and insect responses. 相似文献
452.
Grover Madhuri Behl Tapan Sachdeva Monika Bungao Simona Aleya Lotfi Setia Dhruv 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(15):18893-18907
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound that exhibited good anticancer potential against different types of cancers through its multi-targeted effect like... 相似文献
453.
Sophie M. E. Marsh Michael Hoffmann Neil D. Burgess Thomas M. Brooks Daniel W. S. Challender Patricia J. Cremona Craig Hilton-Taylor Flore Lafaye de Micheaux Gabriela Lichtenstein Dilys Roe Monika Böhm 《Conservation biology》2022,36(2):e13844
Unsustainable exploitation of wild species represents a serious threat to biodiversity and to the livelihoods of local communities and Indigenous peoples. However, managed, sustainable use has the potential to forestall extinctions, aid recovery, and meet human needs. We analyzed species-level data for 30,923 species from 13 taxonomic groups on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species to investigate patterns of intentional biological resource use. Forty percent of species (10,098 of 25,009 species from 10 data-sufficient taxonomic groups) were used. The main purposes of use were pets, display animals, horticulture, and human consumption. Intentional use is currently contributing to elevated extinction risk for 28–29% of threatened or near threatened (NT) species (2752–2848 of 9753 species). Intentional use also affected 16% of all species used (1597–1631 of 10,098). However, 72% of used species (7291 of 10,098) were least concern, of which nearly half (3469) also had stable or improving population trends. The remainder were not documented as threatened by biological resource use, including at least 172 threatened or NT species with stable or improving populations. About one-third of species that had use documented as a threat had no targeted species management actions to directly address this threat. To improve use-related red-list data, we suggest small amendments to the relevant classification schemes and required supporting documentation. Our findings on the prevalence of sustainable and unsustainable use, and variation across taxa, can inform international policy making, including the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. 相似文献
454.
Tuulik Varje-Riin Kumm Monika Tuulik Viiu Veraksitš Alar Päll Taavi 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(7):2101-2110
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The effects of bath therapy are complex and result from a unique interaction between the aquatic environment and the human body functions. The effect of bath... 相似文献
455.
Bendix Phillip Achenbach Hermann Weihaupt Petra Eckert Daniela Oehme Ines Berg Holger 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(4):1432-1443
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The construction sector is the second largest area for the application for plastics. Due to the long life times of construction products, the... 相似文献
456.
Ford CI Walter M Northcott GL Di HJ Cameron KC Trower T 《Journal of environmental quality》2007,36(6):1749-1759
This study was conducted to improve the ability of indigenous New Zealand white-rot fungi to remove pentachlorophenol (PCP) from contaminated field soil. The effects of different bioaugmentation conditions on PCP removal and extracellular enzyme expression were measured in the laboratory. The conditions were fungal growth substrate and co-substrate composition, culture age, and Tween 80 addition to the contaminated soil. The fungi used were Trametes versicolor isolate HR131 and Trametes sp. isolate HR577. Maximum PCP removal was 70% after 7 wk from a 1043 mg kg(-1) PCP-contaminated soil inoculated with an 11-d-old fungal culture of T. versicolor isolate HR131. There was minimal production of undesirable pentachloroanisole by the fungi. Tween 80 addition had no affect on PCP removal. Poplar sawdust was more suitable as a fungal growth substrate and a co-substrate amendment for PCP removal and extracellular enzyme expression than the locally available pine and fir sawdust. Pentachlorophenol removal was not necessarily correlated with extracellular enzyme expression. The research results demonstrate that PCP biodegradation was affected by inoculum culture age, by the presence of a co-substrate amendment, and by growth substrate composition after white-rot fungal bioaugmentation into PCP-contaminated field soils. 相似文献
457.
The influence of the polymers' properties on the solid-phase extraction recovery was studied. Different porous copolymers were used: di(methacryloyloxymethyl)naphtalene-divinylbenzene with ester functional groups (DMN-DVB), 4,4'-bis(maleimido)diphenylmethane-divinylbenzene with imide functional groups (BM-DVB), p,p'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane diglycidyl methacrylic ester-divinylbenzene (MEMDE-DVB) and p,p'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane diglycidyl methacrylic ester-divinylbenzene (MEDDE-DVB) with ester end hydroxyl functional groups. The extraction properties of new synthesized polymeric sorbents were compared with these of two commercial polymeric sorbents: styrene-divinylbenzene (SDB-1) and styrene-divinylbenzene with modified surface (StrataX). These sorbents were used in the SPE of phenol and hydroquinone from water samples. 相似文献
458.
Nendza M 《Chemosphere》2002,48(8):865-883
An inventory of marine biotest methods for the evaluation of dredged material and sediments was compiled on behalf of the Federal Environmental Agency of Germany. Relevant assays were identified from the literature and experts from several countries contributed to a questionnaire survey on established and developing procedures. The biotest methods are applicable to whole sediment, sediment suspension, sediment elutriate, porewater and/or sediment extract. The endpoints cover acute and long-term toxicity, bioaccumulation, endocrine effects, toxic effects on reproduction, carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Comparative analyses and evaluation of the biotest methods were conducted with regard to their sensitivity, specificity, applicability (regional specificity, availability and suitability of the test organisms), variability (physicochemical factors, natural factors and factors related to sampling and testing), cost-effectiveness, aspects of animal ethics, standardization (guidelines, intercalibration) and application for monitoring purposes in the areas of the OSPAR and Helsinki Conventions. The available information was integrated to rate the validity of the methods, their relevance for assessing impacts on ecosystems and the suitability of the methods for the evaluation of marine sediments and dredged material. Based on the rating of the individual bioassays, a tiered testing is suggested in a hierarchical approach representing a variety in taxa, biological processes and exposure routes, thereby covering the cellular, species, population and community level with a wide discriminatory and sensitivity range. The toxicological significance and complexity increases with the tiers: (1) screening and detection of impacts, (2) characterization of toxic effects, (3) verification of in situ alterations. 相似文献
459.
Sohouli Esmail Irannejad Neda Ziarati Abolfazl Ehrlich Hermann Rahimi-Nasrabadi Mehdi Ahmadi Farhad Luque Rafael 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2022,20(6):3789-3809
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Rising health issues of Worldwide pollution by fossil fuel products are Fostering the development of safer materials such as biopolymers in many sectors such as... 相似文献
460.
Antil Monika Singh Surinder Bhagat Mamta Vilvas Vishal Sundaramurthy Suresh 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(48):72279-72293
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this study deals with column optimization of adsorption-based on removal of arsenite ion using rice husk. The parameters affecting... 相似文献