双层管用于发光细菌检测水样毒性时的色度修正

阐述了应用发光细菌检测有色水样毒性时,水样色度会引起附加发光抑制的原因,提出应用同心双层检测玻管,可以对有色水样色度引起的附加发光抑制加以修正.通过比较单层管和双层管测定标准曲线间的差异、设置阴性对照和阳性对照评价该方法的可靠性,以及用该方法检测有色水样活性黑KN-B溶液的急性毒性实验,结果表明,用同心双层检测玻管可以有效修正由水样色度引起的附加发光抑制.     

Monitoring of heavy metal levels in roadside dusts of Thessaloniki, Greece in relation to motor vehicle traffic density and flow

In recent years, the level of heavy metal pollution in urban areas has been of considerable concern. The principal source has been attributed to the motor vehicle and increasing inner city congestion, which has lead to a change and enlargement of transport stop-start zones. These areas of high traffic density are associated with an increased release of heavy metals into the adjacent residential or commercial areas. Seventy-five roadside dust samples were collected throughout the inner city and by-pass motorway areas of Thessaloniki, Northern Greece. Samples were taken from arterial, major and minor roads, as well as the ring road, to compare and contrast the levels of heavy metals, namely Cu, Zn, Cd, Mn and Pb. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) was developed to quantitatively determine concentrations of both total element and geochemical fractionation, within the two dust particulate fraction sizes <75 microm and 75-125 microm. Acid digestion using Aqua Regia (3:1 conc. HCl:HNO(3)) was employed for the total elemental analysis, a method that was validated through the use of certified reference materials (CRM). Fractionation studies involved a three-step sequential extraction method performed on five selected samples (representatives of high, mid and low total elemental concentrations). The resultant solutions were analysed for lead and zinc levels to ascertain fractionation throughout the different geochemical fractions, thus assessing bioavailability.It was found that congestion/stop-start traffic patterns did influence and have led to increased levels of heavy metal deposition along inner city roads compared to levels observed on the new relief ring road. Dust particulate fraction sizes were only found to show statistically significant differences in cadmium and manganese, at the probability P < 0.001 or 99.9% confidence limit. Both Cd and Mn showed higher total levels in the smaller fraction sizes (<75 microm), implying that their major release source is exhaust emissions. There were no significant differences in the other elements, at the P > 0.05 or 95% confidence limit. Road type was seen to have little affect on cadmium and manganese, though lead, copper and zinc were all found to show higher levels on the inner city routes. This can be related back to the wear-and-tear of vehicle components as a result of the stop-start traffic patterns (brake pads etc). Both Pb and Zn have shown to be in chemical forms that are bio available to ecosystems.     

油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)与细菌间的基因水平转移

油菜菌核病（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）是油菜生产上最重要的病害之一,其致病性可能来源于基因水平转移（Horizontal gene transfer,HGT）.为认识其致病原理和寻找新的真菌抑制剂的靶点,首先通过BLASTp发现其基因XM₀01585458.1编码蛋白XP₀01585508.1与细菌比对结果中出现低E值3.23e-109和高SCORE值436,暗示存在HGT现象;进一步通过系统进化树的建立,发现该蛋白在进化分枝上更接近于细菌中由Streptomyces sp.C的NZ_CM000832.1基因编码的蛋白ZP₀7291173;同时核苷酸组成分析也发现该基因与油菜菌核病菌基因组的碱基组成有较大差别,GC含量提高了14.95%.这些结果证明了XM₀01585458.1的确存在基因水平转移事件.结构分析和COG蛋白功能分类显示该HGT序列编码蛋白XP₀01585508.1具有FA58C₃（Coagulation factors 5/8 type C domain）、Kelch repeat type 1、Galactose-binding domain-like、Galactose oxidase/kelch,beta-propeller等保守结构域,应为一个膜蛋白并参与多糖代谢,推测该水平转移基因与S.sclerotiorum在侵染植物时进行细胞壁水解和致病性有关.     

吉林省有机食品产业发展现状及对策

论述国内外有机食品发展状况，阐释制约吉林省有机食品发展因素及存在问题，提出吉林省发展有机食品对策。     

渗滤液中污染物的粒度分布及其应用

渗滤液是一种难于处理的废水.论述了渗滤液中污染物的粒度分布.指出了不同粒度污染物中胶体态组分富含难降解有机物和重金属,其性质稳定,含量较高,对渗滤液的处理工艺选择和去除效果影响重大.最后对渗滤液的资源化进行了初步探讨.     

返修次数对S30408不锈钢焊接热影响区组织性能的影响

为进一步研究返修次数对焊接热影响区组织与性能的影响,本文借助S30408不锈钢氩弧焊焊接接头的返修,针对焊接接头进行显微硬度测试、室温拉伸试验、夏比冲击试验,并观察和分析了焊缝断口形貌。结果表明：焊缝返修次数不超过2次的情况下,焊接接头显微硬度略有下降,焊接返修3次时显微硬度明显降低;在不超过3次返修的情况下,焊接接头的强度、塑性和韧性随着返修次数的增加未出现明显的恶化趋势,返修次数与焊缝及热影响区金属的力学性能之间没有明显的相互关系。     

基于人工蜂群算法的边坡最危险滑动面搜索

将用于连续数值优化问题的人工蜂群算法引入边坡稳定分析临界滑动面搜索领域.该方法模拟了蜂群的群体协作采蜜过程,具有自适应收敛的特点,克服了传统方法容易陷入局部最优的缺点,是一种全局优化算法.为进一步改善其在复杂边坡搜索中的效果,将Hooke-Jeeves模式搜索操作引入人工蜂群算法,提出一种用于边坡临界滑动面搜索的模式搜...     

基于Level Set方法的风暴追踪

利用现代计算机技术和信息处理技术,建立灾害性天气预警系统,是对灾害性天气进行识别和预报的最有效手段之一.研究探索风暴运动过程中多普勒雷达图像的数据处理和算法优化,是预警系统工作中的关键技术.基于计算机技术,应用TITAN算法及改进的Level set方法可以较好地实现对雷达图像中风暴体的追踪,提高灾害性天气预警效率.     

不同污泥浓度对生物沥滤过程的影响

以硫酸亚铁盐作为底物,氧化亚铁硫杆菌（Thiobacillus ferrooxidans）为主要沥滤微生物,在底物投配比为10 g/L,温度为25℃,曝气量为1 L/min的条件下,对5种不同浓度的桂林城市污泥中重金属进行生物沥滤试验。结果表明,生物沥滤的污泥浓度宜控制在25.6 g/L,沥滤3 d后,污泥中超标元素Cu、Zn和Cd的去除率分别达到58.17%、75.90%和93.64%,沥滤处理后污泥中残余重金属含量符合污泥农用的国家标准。     

A/O双污泥工艺脱氮性能

针对传统A/O(anaerobic/oxic)工艺中反硝化细菌对有机物的利用效率低、A2N(anaerobic/anoxic-nitrification)工艺工序繁琐和出水氨氮浓度较高的问题,提出了一种泥水分离反应器,将双污泥体系与A/O工艺结合构建A/O双污泥工艺。对工艺运行过程的脱氮性能、微生物群落变化及氮素转化规律进行了研究,根据研究结果评估泥水分离反应器和A/O双污泥工艺在实际应用中的开发潜力,并总结工艺和反应器需要优化的问题,提出解决问题的思路。结果表明：在进水氮负荷为0.11 kg·(m³·d)^-1条件下,工艺的氮去除负荷可以达到0.089 kg·(m³·d)^-1,NH_⁴+-N去除率超过95%、COD去除率超过90%,TN去除率达到80%以上,该工艺能够实现长期稳定运行。反硝化过程反应速率是提升A/O双污泥工艺脱氮效率的限速步骤,强化有机物在缺氧池中的接触停留是有机物利用率提高的关键。因此,需要对现有碳源的投加方式、污水的进水方式或工艺的反应器数量进行优化,进一步...