毒死蜱降解菌的分离鉴定与降解效能测定

取毒死蜱废水处理系统出口处的污泥进行驯化培养,分离出能降解毒死蜱的3株高效降解菌株B、D1和D3,对降解效果最好的D3菌株经中科院微生物研究所鉴定为玫瑰红红球菌(Rhodococcus rhodochrous);3株菌株的生长情况及对毒死蜱的降解动力学研究表明,B菌株在第3天繁殖增量达到最大,D1、D3菌株在第4天繁殖增量达到最大,B、D1和D3菌株的最适宜生长温度都是在30℃;采用10 mg·L-1毒死蜱作为唯一碳源时,B、D1和D3菌株对毒死蜱的降解速率分别为0.0543、0.0479和0.0620 h-1;对于浓度为10 mg·L-1的毒死蜱,D3菌投入的初始菌量OD223为0.4是最适宜的;D3菌对不同初始浓度的毒死蜱降解表明,初始浓度增大,降解速率降低,半衰期延长.     

综合类生态工业园区循环经济模式构建

在分析综合性生态工业园区特点的基础上,从企业、园区和循环社会3个层面,构建综合类生态工业园区循环经济发展模式。以安塞工业园区为例,构建了工业园循环经济产业链系统,提出了综合类生态工业园区循环经济模式建设的具体途径。     

Comparative radiation impact on biota and man in the area affected by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

A methodological approach for a comparative assessment of ionising radiation effects on man and non-human species, based on the use of Radiation Impact Factor (RIF) - ratios of actual exposure doses to biota species and man to critical dose is described. As such doses, radiation safety standards limiting radiation exposure of man and doses at which radiobiological effects in non-human species were not observed after the Chernobyl accident, were employed. For the study area within the 30km ChNPP zone dose burdens to 10 reference biota groups and the population (with and without evacuation) and the corresponding RIFs were calculated. It has been found that in 1986 (early period after the accident) the emergency radiation standards for man do not guarantee adequate protection of the environment, some species of which could be affected more than man. In 1991 RIFs for man were considerably (by factor of 20.0-1.1 x 10(5)) higher compared with those for selected non-human species. Thus, for the long term after the accident radiation safety standards for man are shown to ensure radiation safety for biota as well.     

137Cs distribution among annual rings of different tree species contaminated after the Chernobyl accident

The distributions of 137Cs among annual rings of Pinus sylvestris and Betula pendula at four experimental sites located in the most contaminated areas in the Russian territory after the Chernobyl accident in 1986 were studied. Trees of different ages were sampled from four forest sites with different tree compositions and soil properties. The data analysis shows that 137Cs is very mobile in wood and the 1986 rings do not show the highest contamination. The difference between pine and birch in the pattern of radial 137Cs distribution can be satisfactorily explained by the difference in radial ray composition. 137Cs radial distribution in the wood can be described as the sum of two exponential functions for both species. The function parameters are height, age and species dependent. The distribution of 137Cs in birch wood reveals much more pronounced dependence on site characteristics and/or the age of trees than pines. The data obtained can be used to assess 137Cs content in wood.     

河谷盆地内大气污染物扩散卫生防护距离确定方法的研究北大核心

讨论河谷盆地特殊复杂地形下,大气污染物扩散卫生防护距离的确定方法。通过采用AERMOD模式计算无组织排放面源距盆地边缘不同距离条件下的卫生防护距离,发现距离盆地边缘2 km以外,盆地的复杂地形对面源污染扩散影响很小,可按照平坦地形对待;距离盆地边缘2 km以内,盆地的复杂地形对面源污染扩散影响显著,此时应采用进一步预测法计算确定卫生防护距离。     

人工湿地去除畜禽养殖废水中磺胺类抗生素抗性基因研究

采用垂直潜流人工湿地研究了畜禽养殖废水中磺胺类抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)在人工湿地中的去除及累积情况.结果表明,畜禽养殖废水中的3种磺胺类ARGs(sul Ⅰ,sul Ⅱ及sul Ⅲ)的平均绝对含量分别为1.15×1010、7.51×1010及7.51×107 copies/L.通过湿地系统处理后sul Ⅰ、sul Ⅱ及sul Ⅲ的平均去除率分别为89％、88％及84％.在系统运行末期,湿地表层土壤和底层土壤中sul Ⅰ、sul Ⅱ及sul Ⅲ的绝对拷贝数和相对表达量均有明显的升高.结果表明,人工湿地系统可有效降低畜禽养殖废水中ARGs含量.     

活性污泥法处理味精厂废水的工艺优化

经过总结与改进武汉味全食品有限公司近5年污水处理工艺、设备，结果表明，经过增加三级曝气池、罗茨鼓风机等工艺改进，SS由132mg/L降为112mg/L；NH3-N由119mg/L降为37．6mg／L；Ar-OH由0．01mg/L降为0．009mg／L；BOD5由5年前的34．6mg／L降为现在的21．2mg／L；COD由5年前的117mg／L降为现在的62．6mg／L；运行成本由850万降到450万，通过此工艺的改进及优化，基本达到国家污水排放标准，完全达到行业排放标准。     

Estimation of the radionuclide distribution in sediment in coast area

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｒａｄｉｏｎｕｃｌｉｄｅｓｉｎｌｏｗ ｌｅｖｅｌｒａｄｉｏａｃｔｉｖｅｌｉｑｕｉｄｗａｓｔｅ (ＬＬＷ)ｆｒｏｍｃｏａｓｔａｌｎｕｃｌｅａｒｆａｃｉｌｉｔｉｅｓｏｒｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｗｅｒｐｌａｎｔｓｗｉｌｌｂｅｄｉｌｕｔｅｄ ,ｄｉｆｆｕｓｅｄａｎｄｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｒｅａ .Ａｎｄｔｈｅｙｗｉｌｌａｌｓｏｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｄｉｍｅｎｔ.Ｈｏｗｔｏｅｓｔｉｍａｔｅｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｄｅｐｏｓｉｔｒａｄｉｏｎｕｃｌｉｄｅｓｉｓａｖｅｒ…     

医院污水处理改造工程

采用厌氧水解—生物接触氧化—二氧化氯消毒工艺对医院原污水处理进行改造 ,处理后的水质达到《污水综合排放标准》 (GB8978— 1 996 )中的二级标准和《医疗机构污水排放要求》(GB1 84 6 6— 2 0 0 1 )。