全文获取类型
收费全文 | 111篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 7篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 18篇 |
综合类 | 20篇 |
基础理论 | 33篇 |
污染及防治 | 21篇 |
评价与监测 | 10篇 |
社会与环境 | 8篇 |
灾害及防治 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 6篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 7篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 7篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2006年 | 5篇 |
2005年 | 2篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 3篇 |
2002年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有119条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Yard EE Gilchrist J Haileyesus T Murphy M Collins C McIlvain N Comstock RD 《Journal of Safety Research》2010,41(6):471-474
Introduction
Heat illness is a leading cause of death and disability among U.S. high school athletes.Methods
To examine the incidence and characteristics of heat illness among high school athletes, CDC analyzed data from the National High School Sports-Related Injury Surveillance Study for the period 2005–2009.Results
During 2005–2009, the 100 schools sampled reported a total of 118 heat illnesses among high school athletes resulting in ≥ 1 day of time lost from athletic activity, a rate of 1.6 per 100,000 athlete-exposures, and an average of 29.5 time-loss heat illnesses per school year. The average corresponds to a weighted average annual estimate of 9,237 illnesses nationwide. The highest rate of time-loss heat illness was among football players, 4.5 per 100,000 athlete-exposures, a rate 10 times higher than the average rate (0.4) for the eight other sports. Time-loss heat illnesses occurred most frequently during August (66.3%) and while practicing or playing football (70.7%). No deaths were reported.Conclusions
Consistent with guidelines from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, to reduce the risk for heat illness, high school athletic programs should implement heat-acclimatization guidelines (e.g., set limits on summer practice duration and intensity). All athletes, coaches, athletic trainers, and parents/guardians should be aware of the risk factors for heat illness, follow recommended strategies, and be prepared to respond quickly to symptoms of illness. Coaches also should continue to stress to their athletes the importance of maintaining proper hydration before, during, and after sports activities.Impact of industry
By implementing preventive recommendations and quickly recognizing and responding to heat illness, coaches, athletic trainers, and the sporting community can prevent future deaths. 相似文献32.
Population dynamics of natural colonies of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aurelia</Emphasis> sp. scyphistomae in Tasmania,Australia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of this study was to identify potential environmental controls of the asexual phases of reproduction by measuring
the rates of asexual reproduction (budding and strobilation) and mortality in naturally occurring populations of Aurelia sp. scyphistomae at different spatial and temporal scales. The percentage cover, density of colonies of Aurelia sp. scyphistomae, and density of the population of two naturally occurring colonies of Aurelia sp. scyphistomae were examined over 2 years in southern Tasmania. Artificial substrates were also deployed to investigate
colony dynamics when density dependent effects were reduced. Clear spatial and temporal differences in the population dynamics
of the colonies were observed. Density dependent effects controlled budding and recruitment of new scyphistomae to the substrate
when populations were dense and space limiting. In contrast, environmental controls of budding and strobilation were more
apparent in a colony with significantly greater area of bare substrate and hence room for expansion. Water temperature and
rainfall (as a proxy for salinity) were linked to changes in population size. Annual and seasonal differences in population
dynamics were not observed in a colony limited by space but were apparent in a colony where space was not limited. When space
was removed as a limiting factor by deploying artificial substrates, a seasonal environmental effect on the rate of growth
of the colony was observed. These studies suggest that the growth, survival and reproduction of the sessile colonial phase
of Aurelia sp. is regulated by a combination of density dependent factors and environmental conditions, which are consequently important
to the formation of jellyfish blooms. 相似文献
33.
Efficient and equitable design of marine protected areas in Fiji through inclusion of stakeholder‐specific objectives in conservation planning
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Conservation biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Robert L. Pressey Natalie C. Ban Jorge G. Álvarez‐Romero Stacy Jupiter Vanessa M. Adams 《Conservation biology》2015,29(5):1378-1389
The efficacy of protected areas varies, partly because socioeconomic factors are not sufficiently considered in planning and management. Although integrating socioeconomic factors into systematic conservation planning is increasingly advocated, research is needed to progress from recognition of these factors to incorporating them effectively in spatial prioritization of protected areas. We evaluated 2 key aspects of incorporating socioeconomic factors into spatial prioritization: treatment of socioeconomic factors as costs or objectives and treatment of stakeholders as a single group or multiple groups. Using as a case study the design of a system of no‐take marine protected areas (MPAs) in Kubulau, Fiji, we assessed how these aspects affected the configuration of no‐take MPAs in terms of trade‐offs between biodiversity objectives, fisheries objectives, and equity in catch losses among fisher stakeholder groups. The achievement of fisheries objectives and equity tended to trade‐off concavely with increasing biodiversity objectives, indicating that it is possible to achieve low to mid‐range biodiversity objectives with relatively small losses to fisheries and equity. Importantly, the extent of trade‐offs depended on the method used to incorporate socioeconomic data and was least severe when objectives were set for each fisher stakeholder group explicitly. We found that using different methods to incorporate socioeconomic factors that require similar data and expertise can result in plans with very different impacts on local stakeholders. 相似文献
34.
Byela Tibesigwa Martine Visser Mark Collinson Wayne Twine 《Sustainability Science》2016,11(2):193-214
This paper examines the impact of agriculture-related shocks on consumption patterns of rural farming households using 3 years of data from South Africa. We make two key observations. First, agriculture-related shocks reduce households’ consumption. Second, natural resources and informal social capital somewhat counteract this reduction and sustain dietary requirements. In general, our findings suggest the promotion of informal social capital and natural resources as they are cheaper and more accessible coping strategies, in comparison to, for example, insurance, which remains unaffordable in most rural parts of sub-Saharan Africa. However, a lingering concern centres on the sustainability of these less conventional adaptation strategies. 相似文献
35.
Objective: Whiplash research has largely focused on rear collisions because they account for the majority of whiplash injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of 4 perturbation directions (anterior, posterior, right, and left) on muscle activity and head kinematics to provide insight into the whiplash mechanism of injury. Methods: The effects of 4 perturbation directions induced by a parallel robotic platform, with peak acceleration of 8.50?m/s(2), were analyzed on 10 subjects. Surface electromyography (EMG) measures were collected from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), trapezius, and splenius capitus muscles. Kinematics of the head, thorax, and head relative to thorax were also measured. Results: We observed stereotypic responses for kinematics and SCM EMG for the various perturbation directions; the trapezius and splenius capitus muscles showed amplitudes that were less than 5 percent maximum voluntary contraction (MVC). Rear perturbations elicited the smallest onset latencies for the SCM (30?ms) and kinematic variables and greatest linear head center of mass (COM) accelerations. Frontal perturbations resulted in an average SCM onset latency of 143?ms and demonstrated the greatest magnitude of head translations and rotations relative to the thorax. Left and right perturbations demonstrated similar kinematics and SCM onset latencies (55 and 65?ms, respectively). Conclusions: Compared to frontal, left, and right directions, rear perturbations showed smaller SCM onset latencies, greater SCM amplitudes, and larger head accelerations, relating to a greater potential for injury. We suggest that the greater contact area and stiffness of the seatback, in the posterior direction, compared to restrictions in other directions, led to increased peak head accelerations and shorter SCM onset latencies. 相似文献
36.
Species-specific effect of macrobenthic assemblages on meiobenthos and nematode community structure in shallow sandy sediments 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barbara Urban-Malinga Aleksander Drgas Sławomira Gromisz Natalie Barnes 《Marine Biology》2014,161(1):195-212
Three functionally different macrofaunal species (the filter- and/or surface deposit-feeding polychaete Hediste diversicolor, and the suspension-feeding bivalves Mya arenaria and Cerastoderma glaucum) were introduced as single- and two-species treatments into microcosms containing sandy sediment with a natural meiofaunal community. H. diversicolor is a burrowing species building a system of galleries, C. glaucum lives actively near the sediment surface acting as a biodiffuser and M. arenaria buries deeply and leads a sessile lifestyle. It is shown that H. diversicolor extended the vertical distribution of meiofauna into deeper sediment layers compared to the control and non-Hediste treatments. The response of the nematode community varied significantly among treatments and was dependant on the macrobenthic species composition but not on the species number. Nematode assemblages in all treatments with the polychaete, both in monoculture and with either bivalve, differed significantly from those recorded in other treatments and were more similar than replicates within any other single treatment. H. diversicolor also appeared to have stimulated nematode species diversity. The present study demonstrated that the impact of macrobenthic assemblages on meiofauna is not a simple summation of individual species effects but is species specific. 相似文献
37.
Häring Ivo Fehling-Kaschek Mirjam Miller Natalie Faist Katja Ganter Sebastian Srivastava Kushal Jain Aishvarya Kumar Fischer Georg Fischer Kai Finger Jörg Stolz Alexander Leismann Tobias Hiermaier Stefan Carli Marco Battisti Federica Makri Rodoula Celozzi Giuseppe Belesioti Maria Sfakianakis Evangelos Agrafioti Evita Chalkidou Anastasia Papadakis George Fuggini Clemente Bolletta Fabio Neri Alberto Giunta Guiseppe Scheithauer Hermann Höflinger Fabian Schott Dominik J. Schindelhauer Christian Köhler Sven Linkov Igor 《The Environmentalist》2021,41(2):286-329
Environment Systems and Decisions - Organizational and technical approaches have proven successful in increasing the performance and preventing risks at socio-technical systems at all scales.... 相似文献
38.
Ryan Perkl David Mitchell Mark Feller Garrett Smith Natalie R. Wilson 《Journal of Land Use Science》2018,13(1-2):102-117
Urban and exurban expansion results in habitat and biodiversity loss globally. We hypothesize that a coupled-model approach could connect urban planning for future cities with landscape ecology to consider wildland habitat connectivity. Our work combines urban growth simulations with models of wildlife corridors to examine how species will be impacted by development to test this hypothesis. We leverage a land use change model (SLEUTH) with structural and functional landscape-connectivity modeling techniques to ascertain the spatial extent and locations of connectivity related threats to a national park in southern Arizona, USA, and describe how protected areas might be impacted by urban expansion. Results of projected growth significantly altered structural connectivity (80%) when compared to current (baseline) corridor conditions. Moreover, projected growth impacted functional connectivity differently amongst species, indicating resilience of some species and near-complete displacement of others. We propose that implementing a geospatial-design-based model will allow for a better understanding of the impacts management decisions have on wildlife populations. The application provides the potential to understand both human and environmental impacts of land-system dynamics, critical for long-term sustainability. 相似文献
39.
Maria Byrne Natalie A. Soars Melanie A. Ho Eunice Wong David McElroy Paulina Selvakumaraswamy Symon A. Dworjanyn Andrew R. Davis 《Marine Biology》2010,157(9):2061-2069
Climate change driven ocean acidification and hypercapnia may have a negative impact on fertilization in marine organisms
because of the narcotic effect these stressors exert on sperm. In contrast, warmer, less viscous water may have a positive
influence on sperm swimming speed and so ocean warming may enhance fertilization. To address questions on future vulnerabilities
we examined the interactive effects of near-future ocean warming and ocean acidification/hypercapnia on fertilization in intertidal
and shallow subtidal echinoids (Heliocidaris erythrogramma, H. tuberculata, Tripneustes gratilla, Centrostephanus rodgersii), an asteroid (Patiriella regularis) and an abalone (Haliotis coccoradiata). Batches of eggs from multiple females were fertilized by sperm from multiple males in all combinations of three temperature
and three
\textpH/P\textCO2 {\text{pH}}/P_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }} treatments. Experiments were placed in the setting of projected near-future conditions for southeast Australia, an ocean
change hot spot. There was no significant effect of warming and acidification on the percentage of fertilization. These results
indicate that fertilization in these species is robust to temperature and
\textpH/P\textCO2 {\text{pH}}/P_{{{\text{CO}}_{2} }} fluctuation. This may reflect adaptation to the marked fluctuation in temperature and pH that characterises their shallow
water coastal habitats. Efforts to identify potential impacts of ocean change to the life histories of coastal marine invertebrates
are best to focus on more vulnerable embryonic and larval stages because of their long time in the water column where seawater
chemistry and temperature have a major impact on development. 相似文献
40.
David L. Sinn Natalie A. Moltschaniwskyj Erik Wapstra Sasha R. X. Dall 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2010,64(4):693-702
Behavioral syndromes are correlated suites of behavior, analogous to human personality traits. Most work to date has been
taken from limited “snapshots” in space and time, with the implicit assumption that a behavioral syndrome is an invariant
property, fixed by evolutionary constraints or adaptations. However, directional selection on two mechanistically independent
traits (selective covariance) could also result in correlated behaviors. Previously, we have shown that shy/bold behavior
in Southern dumpling squid (Euprymna tasmanica) across predator encounter and feeding risk contexts is genetically and phenotypically uncoupled, and hence potentially free
to vary independently. Here, we collected data on shy/bold behaviors from two independent wild populations of squid in two
different years to test whether behavioral correlations across these same two functional contexts vary through time and space.
We detected significant influences of population, sex, and body size on the expression of boldness in squid within each functional
context, and this was coupled with significant differences in relative population density and adult sex ratio. Despite these
changes in behavior and demographic parameters, we found that correlations between boldness scores across the two functional
contexts were largely absent in both wild populations of squid in both years. Our work suggests that some animal groups may
be largely characterized by context-specific behavioral expression. A theoretical framework which conceptualizes behavioral
syndromes resulting from context-specific behavioral rules may be needed to fully understand why behaviors are sometimes correlated,
and why sometimes they are not. 相似文献