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181.
Nicolas Breysse Gaelle Vial Lauriane Pattingre Bernadette C. Ossendorp Karin Mahieu Hermine Reich 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(6):352-365
ABSTRACTProposals to update the methodology for the international estimated short-term intake (IESTI) equations were made during an international workshop held in Geneva in 2015. Changes to several parameters of the current four IESTI equations (cases 1, 2a, 2b, and 3) were proposed. In this study, the overall impact of these proposed changes on estimates of short-term exposure was studied using the large portion data available in the European Food Safety Authority PRIMo model and the residue data submitted in the framework of the European Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) review under Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005. Evaluation of consumer exposure using the current and proposed equations resulted in substantial differences in the exposure estimates; however, there were no significant changes regarding the number of accepted MRLs. For the different IESTI cases, the median ratio of the new versus the current equation is 1.1 for case 1, 1.4 for case 2a, 0.75 for case 2b, and 1 for case 3. The impact, expressed as a shift in the IESTI distribution profile, indicated that the 95th percentile IESTI shifted from 50% of the acute reference dose (ARfD) with the current equations to 65% of the ARfD with the proposed equations. This IESTI increase resulted in the loss of 1.2% of the MRLs (37 out of 3110) tested within this study. At the same time, the proposed equations would have allowed 0.4% of the MRLs (14 out of 3110) that were rejected with the current equations to be accepted. The commodity groups that were most impacted by these modifications are solanacea (e.g., potato, eggplant), lettuces, pulses (dry), leafy brassica (e.g., kale, Chinese cabbage), and pome fruits. The active substances that were most affected were fluazifop-p-butyl, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin. 相似文献
182.
Ait-Mouheb Nassim Bahri Akiça Thayer Bechir Ben Benyahia Boumediene Bourrié Guilhem Cherki Brahim Condom Nicolas Declercq Rémi Gunes Adem Héran Marc Kitir Nurgul Molle Bruno Patureau Dominique Pollice Alfieri Rapaport Alain Renault Pierre Riahi Khalifa Romagny Bruno Sari Tewfik Sinfort Carole Steyer Jean-Philippe Talozi Samer Topcuoglu Bulent Turan Metin Wéry Nathalie Yıldırım Ertan Harmand Jérôme 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(3):693-705
Regional Environmental Change - Climate change and a growing population around the Mediterranean Rim are increasing the need for water and, consequently, the pressure on resources in terms of both... 相似文献
183.
Use of halophytes in pilot-scale horizontal flow constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael S. Fountoulakis Giorgos Daskalakis Akrivi Papadaki Nicolas Kalogerakis Thrassyvoulos Manios 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(20):16682-16689
Recent findings encourage the use of halophytes in constructed wetlands for domestic wastewater treatment due to their special physiological characteristics as the ability to accumulate heavy metals and salts in their tissues makes them ideal candidates for constructed wetland vegetation. In this particular study, we investigated the application of halophytic plants in a horizontal flow constructed wetland for domestic wastewater treatment purposes. The pilot plant which was situated in Crete (Greece) was planted with a polyculture of halophytes (Tamarix parviflora, Juncus acutus, Sarcocornia perrenis, and Limoniastrum monopetalum). The system’s performance was monitored for a period of 11 months during which it received primary treated wastewater from the local wastewater treatment plant. Results show that halophytes developed successfully in the constructed wetland and achieved organic matter and pathogen removal efficiencies comparable to those reported for reeds in previous works (63% and 1.6 log units, respectively). In addition, boron concentration in the effluent was reduced by 40% in comparison with the influent. Salinity as expressed by electrical conductivity did not change during the treatment, indicating that the accumulation of salts in the leaves is not able to overcome electrical conductivity increasing due to evapotranspiration. The results indicate an improvement in the treatment of domestic wastewater via the use of halophyte-planted CWs. 相似文献
184.
Battle?Karimi Pierre?Alain?Maron Nicolas?Chemidlin-Prevost Boure Nadine?Bernard Daniel?Gilbert Lionel?RanjardEmail author 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(2):265-281
Evaluating the quality of ecosystems in terms of biological patrimony and functioning is of critical importance in the actual context of intensified human activities. Microbial diversity is commonly used as a bioindicator of ecosystems functioning. However, there is a lack of sensitivity of microbial diversity indicators in the case of moderate and chronic environmental degradation, such as atmospheric deposition of pollutants, agricultural practices, diffuse pollution by wastewater and climate change. As a consequence, there is a need for alternative bioindicators of soils and water quality. Here, we discuss the interest of adopting a more integrative approach based on biotic interaction networks beyond the simple diversity indicators. We review how the various biotic interactions can be integrated in the various microbial networks such as trophic, mutualistic and co-occurrence networks. Then we discuss the efficiency of microbial networks and associated metrics to detect changes in microbial communities. We conclude that the connectance, the number of links and the average degree of co-occurrence networks could vary from 10 to 50% in response to minor perturbations when microbial diversity parameters remain stable. Finally, we analyze studies that aimed at linking microbial networks and activity to evaluate the potential of such networks for providing simple and operational indicators of ecosystem quality and functioning. 相似文献
185.
186.
This paper presents an application of the ELECTRE III decision-aid method in the context of choosing a sustainable demolition waste management strategy for a case study in the city of Lyon, France. This choice of waste management strategy takes into consideration the sustainable development objectives, i.e. economic aspects, environmental consequences, and social issues. Nine alternatives for demolition waste management were compared with the aid of eight criteria, taking into account energy consumption, depletion of abiotic resources, global warming, dispersion of dangerous substances in the environment, economic activity, employment, and quality of life of the local population. The case study concerned the demolition of 25 buildings of an old military camp. Each alternative was illustrated with different waste treatments, such as material recovery, recycling, landfilling, and energy recovery. The recommended solution for sustainable demolition waste management for the case study is a selective deconstruction of each building with local material recovery in road engineering of inert wastes, local energy recovery of wood wastes, and specific treatments for hazardous wastes. 相似文献
187.
Jean-Pierre Nicolas Damien David 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(5):1015-1020
The aim of this article is to analyse CO2 emissions caused by passenger transport in France: which socio-demographic groups travel, for what kinds of journey (local or long distance), how and why? Research focusing on the analysis of individual travel can improve the understanding of CO2 emissions by identifying upstream socio-economic factors, and also enable a better assessment of the potential social impact of measures introduced to limit greenhouse gases due to transport.Calculations are based on the latest French national transport survey (1994). Distances covered and CO2 emissions were estimated for each journey and for each surveyed individual. A socio-demographic characteristic typology was built and results were obtained through this analysis.If equity and accessibility issues are to be taken into account, planned policies cannot be of the same type if linked to mobility segments. An environmental tax system to limit CO2 emission increases appears appropriate for long-distance trips. Results are more varied for local journeys, which are often more of a necessity. Nevertheless, income brackets, and measures concerning urban planning or the growth of new car fleets, seem more pertinent. 相似文献
188.
189.
Seeland A Oetken M Kiss A Fries E Oehlmann J 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(5):1781-1790
Purpose
Resulting from their intensive use as corrosion inhibitors in aircraft deicing and anti-icing fluids (ADAF) and for silver protection in dishwasher detergents benzotriazoles (BTs) are widespread in European surface waters. The current study aimed on an ecotoxicological characterization of 1H-benzotriazole (1H-BT) and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole (5MBT).Methods
Acute and chronic OECD guideline tests were conducted with primary producers (Desmodesmus subspicatus, Lemna minor) and two daphnia species (Daphnia magna, Daphnia galeata) to characterize the hazard of these chemicals. Additionally, the estrogenic activity of both BTs was analyzed in vitro using a recombinant yeast estrogen screen (YES).Results
Both BTs revealed significant effects in acute and chronic experiments, but exhibited no estrogenic activity in the YES. The algal growth test displayed an inhibited cell number increase with effect concentration (EC) values of EC10 1.18 and 2.86?mg?l-1 for 1H-BT and 5MBT, respectively. In the Lemna test, EC10 values were 3.94?mg?l-1 (1H-BT) and 2.11?mg?l-1 (5MBT). D. magna was also affected with EC50 (48?h) values of 107?mg?l-1 for 1H-BT and 51.6?mg?l-1 for 5MBT. D. galeata was more sensitive with an EC50 (48?h) of 14.7?mg 1H-BT l-1 and 8.13?mg 5MBT l-1. In the 21-day reproduction tests with D. magna, the EC10 for 5MBT was 5.93?mg?l-1 while 1H-BT showed no adverse effects. D. galeata turned out to be more sensitive in the chronic study with EC10 values of 0.97?mg?l-1 for 1H-BT and 0.40?mg?l-1 for 5 MBT.Conclusion
Because BTs are regularly found in the aquatic environment at lower ??g l-1 concentrations reflecting their persistence and poor elimination during wastewater treatment processes, a preliminary risk assessment was conducted. There is little indication that BTs pose a risk for aquatic ecosystems at current exposure levels during most of the year. However, it cannot be excluded that in winter with a higher usage of ADAFs environmental concentrations may well exceed the level that is considered safe for aquatic organisms. 相似文献190.