用微孔填充理论研究活性炭对有机气体的吸附性能

用微孔填充理论研究了活性炭C40／4对丙酮、甲苯、二氯甲烷有机气体的吸附性能,测试了该活性炭对3种有机气体在不同温度下（288．15,293．15,298．15K）的吸附结果。用D—R方程处理了实验数据,建立了3种有机气体在活性炭C40／4上的等温吸附模型,并将实验测试值与理论预测值进行了比较。实验结果表明：微孔填充理论及D—R方程可很好地描述活性炭C40／4对有机气体的吸附性能,理论预测值与实验测试值的平均相对误差小于3％;有机气体分压较高时,由于发生毛细凝聚,理论预测值较实验测试值偏低。     

MINIMIZING THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON LONG TERM RUNOFF1

Increasing concern about the problems caused by urban sprawl has encouraged development and implementation of smart growth approaches to land use management. One of the goals of smart growth is water resources protection, in particular minimizing the runoff impact of urbanization. To investigate the magnitude of the potential benefits of land use planning for water resources protection, possible runoff impacts of historical and projected urbanization were estimated for two watersheds in Indiana and Michigan using a long term hydrological impact analysis model. An optimization component allowed selection of land use change placements that minimize runoff increase. Optimizing land use change placement would have reduced runoff increase by as much as 4.9 percent from 1973 to 1997 in the Indiana study watershed. For nonsprawl and sprawl scenarios in the Michigan watershed for 1978 to 2040, optimizing land use change placement would have reduced runoff increase by 12.3 percent and 20.5 percent, respectively. The work presented here illustrates both an approach to assessing the magnitude of the impact of smart growth and the significant potential scale of smart growth in moderating runoff changes that result from urbanization. The results of this study have significant implications for urban planning.     

Study on cooperative strategies of rural water environment governance PPP project between companies and farmers from the perspective of evolutionary game

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The PPP mode of rural water environment governance was conducive to attracting social capital for giving full play to the decisive role of the market...     

安徽省地震活动的地球物理场背景

安徽省是一个特殊的中强地震区,地震活动呈现华北、华南两大地震区的过渡特征。通过分析安徽省的重力异常及航磁异常资料,认为中强震往往发生于正负重力或航磁异常的交接部位;重力、航磁异常等值线梯级带上,莫霍面、磁性层上界面等深线的梯级带上;重力、航磁异常等值线的拐折部位,莫霍面、磁性层上界面等深浅的拐折部位。对这些结论提出了分析模式,并作了地震构造解释。最后,根据这些结论,预测了未来地震危险区。     

Coupled electrochemical methods for nitrogen and phosphorus recovery from wastewater: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Declining mineral resources, high fertilizer production cost and widespread eutrophication are calling for the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewaters...     

永定河怀来段水体富营养化评价

为了解海河水系水污染防治重点区域永定河怀来段污染特征,于2016年11月—2017年10月进行了为期一年的监测。选择6个采样点的6项监测指标,阐述河流氮、磷的时空变化特征,并采用氮磷比和对数型幂函数普适指数公式法分析水体氮、磷营养盐结构时空变化规律,评估水体富营养化程度,解析富营养化风险。结果表明:永定河怀来段水体污染较为严重,其中TN浓度超过《国家环境保护标准“十三五”发展规划》中地表水环境功能区划分Ⅲ类水体浓度限值的13.25倍,有机氨(ON)和N O 3 - -N为TN的主要存在形式;TP浓度均值为0.64 mg/L;各指标具备农业面源污染特征。水体中氮、磷时空分布特征明显:在时间尺度上,水体中氮、磷浓度呈现季节性变化规律;在空间尺度上,水体中氮、磷分布特征相似。永定河怀来段氮磷比年均值为32.78,水体浮游植物总体处于磷限制状态。平水期表现出磷为限制性营养元素,枯水期、丰水期氮磷比适合藻类大量的生长繁殖。永定河怀来段水体时空变化大多处在富营养化阶段,水体富营养化评价综合指数(EI)枯水期最大,为228.11;丰水期最小,为213.06;平水期居中,为218.30。永定河怀来段河流动力学过程良好,河流流态具有连续性,河流干流流速为0.43~1.45 m/s,远大于水华爆发的临界流量,干流大面积蓝藻水华现象的风险较低。     

Adsorption of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole from aqueous solution by organo-bentonite

The adsorption behavior of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite was investigated.Natural bentonite from Gaozhou in Guangdong Province,China was collected.Organo-bentonite was prepared by intercalation of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide into the natural bentonite.The physicochemical properties of the prepared organo-bentonite were characterized by X-ray diffraction,N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that montmorillonite is the main component of the natural bentonite.The basal spacing of the natural bentonite is 1.47 nm,which increased to 1.98 nm on intercalation with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide.Moreover,both the surface area and pore volume increased with intercalation.Clear CH2 stretching(3000-2800 cm-1) and scissoring(1480-1450 cm-1) modes of the intercalated surfactants were observed for organobentonite.Compared with the pseudo first-order kinetic model,the pseudo second-order kinetic model is more suitable to describe the adsorption kinetics of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite.The adsorption capacity of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite increased with increasing initial concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole,but decreased with increasing adsorbent dosage.The adsorption isotherm of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole onto organo-bentonite fits well with the Langmuir model.The maximum adsorption capacity of organo-bentonite for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was 33.61 mg/g,indicating that organo-bentonite is a promising adsorbent for 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.     

高效液相色谱法测定水中的六种邻苯二甲酸酯研究

建立了高效液相色谱法测定水中六种邻苯二甲酸酯(邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻笨二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯)的检测方法.对水样中邻苯二甲酸酯的萃取条件和高效液相色谱分析条件进行优化,采用正己烷二次萃取,浓缩定容后分析,以乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,紫外检测波长226 nm,16 min可将六种邻苯二甲酸酯分离出.方法的检出限为0.13μg/L ～0.37 μg/L,加标回收率为78.6％～118.5％,相对标准偏差为0.82％～2.17％,是一种理想的测定水中六种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法.     

海水中二甲基硫测定方法的研究

二甲基硫（ＤＭＳ）是雨水天然酸性的贡献者和影响气候变化的重要痕量气体，本文海水中ＤＭＳ测定方法，即采用冷却预浓缩技术处理海水样品，用带有火焰光度检测器气相色谱仪分析，此方法的精密度为１２％，准确度为１０％，对１００ｍｌ海水样品最小检测量为０．０５４ｎｇ（ＤＭＳ）。同时对色谱柱的选取，实验材料的选择，浓缩柱填充材料的选择，鼓气效率，干燥管，样品解析，样品保存等有关实验步骤进行了讨论。