天然水体及生活饮用水中铝的含量及形态分布

采用ＰＣＶ络合比色法和Ｆｅｒｒｏｎ逐时络合比色法，选取３种典型环境中的水体为研究对象；江西德兴铜矿地区的乐安江，白洋淀地区以及从源水，自来水到铝锅煮沸水序列水样，着重分析其中铝的含量及其形态分布，并讨论了铝的含量及其形态的变化对３种典型环境的影响。     

新农药环境化学行为研究(V)-—三氟羧草醚(Acifluorfen)在土壤和水环境中的滞留、转化

从如下几方面研究了三氟羧草醚在土壤－水环境中的化学行为：一是土壤对该药的吸附，结果表明，吸附强度与土壤理化特性密切相关，Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ常数ｋｆ＝０．９４Ｗｏｍ＋０．６５Ｗｃｌａｙ－９．５９ｐＨ（ｒ＾２＝０．９４）；二是吸附机理研究，发现三氟羧草醚能与碱金属以外的许多金属离子形成配合物，并证实了与ＣＵ＾２＋形成的双核桥联合物的可能性；三是实验指出它在水中避光有一定的稳定性，不易水解；四是它在〈     

水体中挥发酚自净模式研究

采用均匀设计法设计实验，当实验条件曝气强度（ml/min)、酚的起始浓度（mg/l)、加入底泥量（g)、加入10%HgCl2量（ml)、处理温度（℃）、处理时间（小时）分别用X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6表示时，得到它们与含酚污水中总酚去除率Y和挥发除去酚浓度C的关系分别为：Y=-100.67 21.835Lnx1 17.920Lnx2 1.595√x3-0.124x4 1.131x5-1.086e^x6;C=-3.308 0.614Lnx1 0.307Lnx2 0.179√x3 5.100*10^-2x4 2.369*10^-2x5-0.692Lnx6。并讨论了酚在水体中自净的规律。     

确定不同保证率下的中国酸沉降临界负荷

在进行中国酸沉降临界负荷区划时 ,通常以 1°× 1°(经纬度 )的网格为单位进行计算 ,难以反映网格内不同生态系统对酸沉降敏感性的差异 .为了便于决策者根据临界负荷确定酸沉降控制对策 ,也为了使 1°× 1°的结果更具代表性和实用性 ,本研究确定了 0 1°× 0 1°网格为单位计算的中国酸沉降临界负荷 ,并在此基础上通过引入保证率的概念 ,得到了一系列与一定的经济技术水平相适应的、允许有一定损失的 1°× 1°的中国酸沉降临界负荷图 .利用累积分布函数 ,本研究还确定了不同保证率下的中国酸沉降超临界负荷分布和各省、市、自治区的酸沉降临界负荷 .     

我国城市污泥中醚类和卤代烃类有机污染物的初步研究

应用GC／MS联机检测技术对我国大陆和香港共11个城市污泥中4种醚类和4种卤代烃类化合物进行分析。结果表明，醚类化合物的总含量在0－7．743mg/kg之间，以双（2－氯异丙基）醚为主，主要分布在兰州污泥和广州污泥中；卤代烃类化合物的总含量在0．007－3．237mg/kg之间，以六氯环戊二烯为主，主要分布在兰州污泥、佛山污泥和沙田（香港）污泥中。污泥中醚类和卤代烃类化合物的种类及其含量与污水来源、污水处理方式、污泥类型、化合物的结构和理化性质等因素有关。     

Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto bentonites modified with AlCl3 and CTMAB

The purpose of this work is to synthesize a new type of bentonite sorbent that can simultaneously remove both organic compounds and phosphate from water. Inorganic-organic bentonites (Al-CTMAB-Bent) were synthesized by modifying bentonites with both AlCl₃ and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMAB). Simultaneous sorption of aqueous phenanthrene and phosphate onto Al-CTMAB-Bent was examined. Removal rates of phenanthrene and phosphate from water reached 96.3% and 90.2%, respectively, at their respective initial concentrations of 1 mg/L and 5 mg/L and the added amount of Al-CTMAB-Bent was 1.25 g/L. The residual turbidity of the Al-CTMAB-Bent suspension decreased 81.4% compared to that of organobentonite suspension after a 1 h settling time. Thus, inorganic-organic bentonite can be used to treat wastewater containing both organic pollutants and phosphate. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1): 91–94 [译自: 环境科学]     

Pollution survey of carbonyl compounds in train air

The train is an important vehicle in China, but its air quality has important impacts on passengers’ health. In this work, pollution from carbonyl compounds was measured in the air of six trains. The objectives of this work were to investigate carbonyl compound levels in selected air from trains, identify their emission sources, and assess the intake of carbonyl compounds for passengers. The methods for sampling and analyzing 10 carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, acetone, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, butyraldehyde, benzaldehyde, cyclohexanone, and valeraldehyde in indoor air were proposed with the sampling efficiency, recovery, and detection limit being 92%–100%, 91%–104%, and 0.26–0.82 ng/m³, respectively. It was indicated that the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds were 0.159–0.2828 mg/m³ with the average concentration of 0.2330 mg/m³. The average concentrations of form aldehyde, acetaldehyde and acetone were 0.0922, 0.0499, and 0.0580 mg/m³, accounting for 42.6%, 21.4%, and 24.9% of the total concentrations of carbonyl compounds, respectively. The carbonyl compounds probably came from woodwork and cigarette smoking. The intake of carbonyl compounds for the passengers was approximately 0.043–0.076 mg/h. The carbonyl compounds in train air could be harmful to human health. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1) 91–94 [译自: 环境科学]     

HA-SBR法在制药废水中的应用

介绍SBR法在制药废水中的应用及工艺流程.通过处理COD从3600mg/l降到130mg/l.COD总去除率达到96%,出水可以达标排放.     

超声波/Fenton联用对对硝基苯酚的处理

采用超声/Fenton联用技术对水中对硝基苯酚(P-NP)进行处理,探讨了单纯超声(US)、Fenton试剂法、US/Fenton试剂法联用对P-NP的处理效果和影响因素,结果表明,对于浓度为10mg/L的P-NP, 当pH=3、H2O2与Fe2 投加量之比为10:1、H2O2投加量为40mg/L时降解效果最好,通过动力学分析发现US/Fenton试剂法对P-NP的降解具有明显的协同效应.     

湖泊营养化程度评价的多目标决策-理想点模型

介绍多目标决策-理想点法,并将其改进运用于评价湖泊的营养化,该方法与属性识别理论方法,模糊隶属函数法进行比较,评价结果令人满意.