多频管中电流法防腐层检测评级参数影响研究

多频管中电流法通过计算管道防腐层绝缘电阻来判断管道外防腐层的状态,近年来得到较为广泛的应用.但对于丘陵山地的埋地输油气气管道,其评价结果与实际状态有一定差距.通过研究发现,评价结果与实际状态不符的主要原因是:管道分布电容、管道分布电感在GDWFF处理软件中对防腐层评价结果影响较大,尤其是管道分布电感是关键参数.为此,修正了多频管中电流法评价软件给出的管道分布电感推荐值,并采用现场开挖的方式进行验证,说明评价结果更符合山地实际.     

去除生活废水及污泥中病毒的研究

从生活废水中病毒的处理着手，通过实验测定病毒蚀斑形成数量(PFU)，说明了生活废水中病毒数量的非恒定性和病毒易与污泥吸附的特性，以及常规废水处理方法对它们杀灭效率的不一致性，并分析了废水处理过程中几种杀灭病毒的方法，以及它们的不同效率和杀灭病毒的原理，探讨城市污水处理中病毒去除的几种方法。     

水库温室气体排放及其影响因素

水库是温室气体的一个重要排放源.探讨水库温室气体排放及其影响因素有利于精确估算水库温室气体排放量、减少水利工程与水电开发过程中水库温室气体排放.本文阐述r水库中温室气体的产生机制.总结了水库温室气体的3个排放途径:水库自然排放、水轮机和溢洪道、大坝下游河流,从水库特征、气候、水体pH值、水库中植被状况等角度深入探讨了水库温室气体排放的影响因素.最后,重点分析了水库温室气体排放的空间异质性以及研究结果不确定性的产生根源,并对今后的研究重点进行了展望.     

论环境移民

由于环境恶化，部分区域出现了一种特殊的人口迁移类型－－环境称民。环境移民是人口增长与环境容量之间矛盾的必然结果，本文对环境移民的概念、要素和实质作了初步的探讨。     

社会发展综合实验区生态建设及科技引导途径

本文提出了社会发展综合实验区建设的实质就是协调好人口、资源与环境间的生态关系，为了促进社会—经济—自然复合生态系统的持续发展，探讨了科技引导实验区生态建设的途径。     

Ecological planning for land use and ruraldevelopment of Taojiang County

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Microbial kinetic analysis of three different types of EBNR process

The disadvantages of developed biological nutrient removal (BNR) processes (additional energy for liquid circulation and addition of external carbon substrate for denitrification in anoxic zones) were improved by reconfiguring the process into (1) an anaerobic zone followed by multiple stages of aerobic-anoxic zones (TNCU3 process) or (2) anaerobic, oxic, anoxic, oxic zones in sequence (TNCU2 process). These two pilot plants were operated at a recycling sludge ratio of 0.5 without internal recycle of nitrified supernatant. The sludge retention time was maintained at 10 d. The main objective of this study is to analyze the kinetics of different microorganisms in these two processes and A2O process by using the Activated Sludge Model No. 2d. The effective removal efficiency of carbon, total phosphorus and total nitrogen at 87-98%, 92-100% and 63-80%, respectively, were achieved in the testing runs. According to model simulations, the microbial kinetics in the TNCU3 and TNCU2 processes would be affected by different operations. When the step feeding strategy was adopted, the HRT was longer due to the less influent flowrate in the front stages and the microbes would grow in quantities by about 6% in the aerobic reactors. In the followed anoxic reactors, the microbes would decrease in quantities by about 12% due to the dilution effect. The dilution effects in TNCU3 and TNCU2 processes did not take place in A2O process because the recycling mixed liquid from the aerobic reactor to the anoxic reactor still contained particulate components. The XH, XPAO, and XAUT concentrations in the effluent of the last tank were lower when the step-feeding mode was adopted. The TNCU3 and TNCU2 processes could be operated efficiently without nitrified liquid circulation and addition of external carbon substrate for denitrification.     

水相催化芳香氯化物脱氯研究

通过把起相转移作用的聚乙二醇（PEG）链，键合到硅胶上，再将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）络合双金属Pd-Cu后负载其上，制成一种新型双负载双金属催化剂PVP－PdCl2/SiO2-PEG600,以甲酸钠为氢转移试剂，在水相催水芳香氯化物脱氯，当反应温度80℃左右，n(Pd):n(Cu）=2:1，反应介质pH值11．7左右时，具有较高的催化脱卤活性，催化剂不但易于制备，便于分离，且具有良好的重复使用性能，经重复使用六次，转化率仍在70％以上。     

Occupational exposure assessment of phthalate esters in indoor and outdoor microenvironments

Phthalate esters(PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in consumer products. PAEs are a group of environmental hormone which disrupts human and animals' endocrine systems. Different occupational groups are exposed to various levels of PAEs. In the present study, four typical occupational groups were chosen, including doctors, college teachers, college students, and drivers who worked in public traffic system. In order to understand the exposure levels to PAEs via inhalation, air samples were collected from multiple microenvironments including indoor and outdoor in Hangzhou to measure the gas and particle concentrations of six PAEs, together with time spent in different microenvironments of these four groups. A comprehensive PAEs exposure model was built to estimate the daily PAEs exposure through inhalation, oral and dermal pathways. The Monte Carlo simulation results show that doctors were exposed to the highest level of PAEs, and consequently had the highest health risk among these four occupational groups. In contrast, college students had the lowest health risk. By setting the exposure level of staying in residences as the baseline, doctors and drivers were two occupations exposed to high PAEs health risk. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) was the largest contributor among the six phthalates, posing moderate health risk(10-5–10-6) to every occupation. For traffic microenvironments alone, the total exposure levels for different transportation modes were in the descending order of busses, cars, cabs, tubes, motor bikes, and walking.