论自然保护区旅游活动的生态影响

自然保护区逐渐打破传统的消极保护模式，寻求保护与发展的协调，开展起旅游活动，但由此带来的生态影响不容忽视。本文从建立自然保护区的主要目的出发，就旅游活动对生物多样性及生态景观的影响进行分析，认为在自然保护区开展旅游活动，要对旅游活动强度与游客量进行合理控制，按照生态旅游的方法进行合理规划与管理，使保护区获得可持续发展。     

微波辐射在烟秆废料制造活性炭中的应用

文章介绍了微波辐射烟秆废料制造活性炭技术,其中包括氯化锌法和水蒸气法,并采用该技术进行了试验,取得了较好的效果。     

SELECTED NUTRIENTS AND HEAVY METALS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE FROM NEW JERSEY POTWs1

ABSTRACT: In order to determine appropriate application rates and to ensure low pollutant levels in sewage sludge, knowing the chemical composition of sewage sludge is of great importance in a land application program. The objective of this study is to evaluate the variability of selected chemical characteristics of sewage sludge from New Jersey publicly owned treatment works (POTWs). Measurements of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), NH₄⁺‐N, P, K⁺, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn reported by 98 facilities in the 1996 and 1997 New Jersey Sludge Quality Assurance Regulations (SQAR) reports were statistically analyzed. Sewage sludge from Category 5 POTWs (greater than 10 percent industrial input) showed higher Cd, Cu, and Pb concentrations than Category 3 and Category 4 facilities (less than 10 percent industrial input). Even though only two years of data were analyzed, there was an indication that Cd and Pb concentrations in sewage sludge are decreasing with time. The yearly mean of only a few facilities exceeded the federal pollution concentration limits (40 CFR Part 503, Table 3). Phosphorus and Cd values showed the highest variability within facilities based on the coefficient of variation. Due to the variability of sewage sludge constituents, the use of the yearly rolling mean of nutrient concentrations to determine application rates was considered inadequate. An actual analysis of the sewage sludge to be applied is more appropriate to determine application rates than historical data.     

发展绿色产品应对绿色壁垒

本文提出更新观念，建立绿色产业技术支撑体系，发展绿色产品，来应对绿色壁垒。     

论我国公共资源安全问题

介绍了公共资源及公共资源安全的概念,探讨了公共资源的安全问题与中国经济和社会发展的关系.结合6个具体案例分析了中国现有的公共资源安全问题.给出公共资源安全的风险管理的概念和评价方法,并以此为基础,提出6条保证公共资源安全的对策.     

Alternating nitrification-denitrification via nitrite for nitrogen removal from soybean wastewater by SBR with real-time control

A novel treating technology for nitrogen removal from soybean wastewater was studied. The process for nitrogen removal was achieved by alternating aeration and mixing, combined with real\|time control strategies. Results showed that the COD and total nitrogen removal rates are more than 90% and 92% at COD and total nitrogen loads of 1.0-1.2 kg COD/(kgMLSS·d) and 0.20-0.27 kg TN/(kgMLSS·d), respectively. In addition, it could improve sludge settling property. SVI value is less than 70 g/ml during the whole cycles. The method not only may be adapted to treat soybean wastewater with high nitrogen, but also may be applied to treat other high nitrogen wastewater.     

Vertical distributions of COS and CS2 in Beijing City

Vertical distributions of COS and CS2 were measured at a meteorological tower in Beijing City. The mixing ratios of COS and CS2 are in the range of 371--1681 pptv and 246--1222 pptv, respectively. The significant high mixing ratios of the two compounds at ground level and distinct vertical distributions indicated the existence of strong anthropogenic sources of COS and CS2 in Beijing City. Domestic stoves and central heaters are important sources of COS during winter season. Cesspools may play significant role on COS over whole seasons. Chemical productions may be responsible for the observed hiah mixina ratios of CS2 in Beiiina Citv.     

广西野生荔枝资源的研究价值及其保护对策

针对野生荔枝在广西的分布现状,结合荔枝优稀种质鉴定研究,论述了广西野生荔枝资源遗传多样性及其在育种应用上的科研价值,并就目前对广西野生荔枝资源保护利用的紧迫性,提出了开展全面普查、建立种质保存圃和原位保护区、加强种质创新应用的几点对策意见.     

长江流域安庆段浅层地下水水化学特征及控制因素

浅层地下水为安庆市居民生活用水和工农业生产用水的主要水源,是维持社会经济可持续发展和区域生态环境的重要基础保障.为深入研究安庆市浅层地下水的水化学特征及控制因素,采集了196组浅层地下水水样,综合运用Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比值和数理统计方法对安庆市地下水的水化学特征及控制因素进行研究,定量评估不同来源对地下水水化学组分的贡献.结果表明,安庆市浅层地下水呈弱碱性,pH值在5.84～8.38,均值为7.21; ρ（TDS）介于47～1 620 mg·L^-1,均值为324.21 mg·L^-1,阴阳离子主要以HCO₃^-和Ca²⁺为主,水化学类型为HCO₃-Ca型.地下水水化学组分受岩石风化溶滤作用、阳离子交替吸附作用、矿物溶解和沉淀以及人类活动综合影响.Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和HCO₃^-主要来源于碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩的风化溶解作用,Na⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^2-受工业活动和生活污水的排放、K⁺和NO₃^-受农业活动的影响.APCS-MLR受体模型分析进一步揭示地下水水化学组分主要有地质因子、工业因子、农业因子和未知源这4种来源,其贡献率分别为45.35%、14.19%、25.38%和15.08%.地质因子是浅层地下水水化学组分的重要来源,人类活动则加剧了地下水水化学的演变.     

郯庐断裂带（安徽段）浅层地下水水化学特征、控制因素及水质评价

为研究郯庐断裂带（安徽段）地下水的水化学特征、控制因素和地下水质量.在郯庐断裂带周边的江淮波状平原区、沿江丘陵平原区和皖西山地共采集了86组地下水,综合运用描述性统计、Piper图、Gibbs图、离子比例分析、饱和指数、氯碱指数和熵权水质指数（EWQI）等方法,开展了地下水的水化学特征及控制因素研究,评价了地下水的质量.结果表明,郯庐断裂带（安徽段）周边浅层地下水呈弱碱性,地下水化学类型以HCO₃-Ca·Mg和HCO₃-Na·Ca型为主.水岩相互作用控制地下水化学组分的形成,硅酸盐岩和碳酸盐岩风化作用控制了地下水化学组分的形成.强烈的阳离子交替吸附作用是引起Na⁺富集的重要因素.研究区地下水整体质量较好,但受到一定程度人类活动的污染,江淮波状平原和沿江丘陵平原大部分地下水不适合直接饮用.研究结果对郯庐断裂带（安徽段）周边浅层地下水资源可持续开发利用和环境保护具有重要意义.