玻璃纸生产废气中的CS_2和H_2S的治理

阐述了玻璃纸生产中CS2和H2S废气产生的原理,介绍了该废气处理的现状,总结了目前普遍采用的冷凝法、活性炭吸附法、活性碳纤维吸附法、改性活性炭吸附法、螯合铁氧化法、吸收—吸附法等处理方法的特点和效果。介绍了一种先采用螯合铁氧化法、再采用冷凝法、最后采用活性炭吸附法的综合处理工艺,可使废气达标排放。     

Comparing the Growth Characteristics of Three Bacteria Involved in Degrading Rubbers

Three bacteria isolated for degradation of rubbers were compared for their growth characteristics derived from the Bradford protein assay and turbidity (optical density, OD) measurement. Both Alcaligenes xylosoxidans T2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GP10 were fast-growing bacteria while Nocardia corynebacterioides S3 was a slow grower utilizing rubber as the sole source of carbon and energy, but the extent of degradation was lower by the formers than the latter. A. xylosoxidans T2, P. aeruginosa GP10 and N. corynebacterioides S3 showed a typical sigmoidal growth pattern based on binding of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 to bacterial proteins and spectrophotometrical measurement at 600 nm. Both assays showed similar growth characteristics for all three bacteria in this study. Degradation of rubber was more pronounced by N. corynebacterioides S3 than either A. xylosoxidans T2 or P. aeruginosa GP10 during 70 days of incubation. Our results suggest that slow-growing bacteria may play a much greater role in degrading polymeric materials than was previously believed.     

Mechanism and kinetics of aluminum dissolution during copper sorption by acidity paddy soil in South China

Soil aggregates were prepared from a bulk soil collected from paddy soil in the Taihu Lake region and aluminum (Al) dissolution, solution pH changes during copper (Cu^2 +) sorption were investigated with static sorption and magnetic stirring. Kinetics of Cu^2 + sorption and Al dissolution were also studied by magnetic stirring method. No Al dissolution was observed until Cu^2 + sorption was greater than a certain value, which was 632, 450, 601 and 674 mg/kg for sand, clay, silt, and coarse silt fractions, respectively. Aluminum dissolution increased with increasing Cu^2 + sorption and decreasing solution pH. An amount of dissolved Al showed a significant positive correlation with non-specific sorption of Cu^2 + (R² > 0.97), and it was still good under different pH values (R² > 0.95). Copper sorption significantly decreased solution pH. The magnitude of solution pH decline increased as Cu^2 + sorption and Al dissolution increased. The sand and clay fraction had a less Al dissolution and pH drop due to the higher ferric oxide, Al oxide and organic matter contents. After sorption reaction for half an hour, the Cu^2 + sorption progress reached more than 90% while the Al dissolution progress was only 40%, and lagged behind the Cu^2 + sorption. It indicated that aluminum dissolution is associated with non-specific sorption.     

好氧膜-生物反应器中微滤膜选择的实验研究

用扫描电镜表面观察和全自动压汞仪测定了2种亲水化改性PVDF微滤膜的平均孔径、孔隙率等基本性能参数。对2种膜的纯水通量,及其平板膜组件在好氧膜生物反应器内污染过程进行分析。结果显示,2种膜污染过程均呈现先缓慢后快速的二阶段趋势,第二阶段是膜污染的主导阶段。尽管平均孔径小、孔隙率高的膜本身阻力大、纯水通量低,但其污染速率较低,物理及化学清洗恢复率较高。膜孔径及孔隙率指标是影响其在MBR中运行的污染速率的主要因素,平均孔径小、孔隙率高的膜抗污染能力强。     

Real-time PCR assay for detection and relative quantification of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Liocarcinus </Emphasis><Emphasis Type="Italic">depurator</Emphasis> larvae from plankton samples

Accurate species identification of decapod crustacean larvae is required to understand their population distributions, life cycle dynamics and interactions with their habitats. Analysis of plankton samples using morphological taxonomic methods and microscopy is time-consuming, requires highly skilled and trained operatives and may often be inaccurate. As complementary tools to classical identification methods, recent work has focused on the development of molecular approaches and shows their feasibility for species-specific identification. This study has developed real-time PCR assays utilising species-specific Taqman^® probes designed in the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene of Liocarcinus depurator, Necora puber, Carcinus maenas and Cancer pagurus. Our study then employed the probe and primers designed for L. depurator to obtain accurate identification and relative abundance estimates of L. depurator larvae in plankton samples collected between March 2005 and October 2006. Ranges of larval abundances were derived from a standard curve created from plankton samples spiked with a known number of larvae reared in the laboratory. Inhibition of the PCR reaction was shown to be an important factor and our results suggested that 0.1 ng of DNA as template provided accurate identification and avoided inhibition. Real-time PCR was shown to provide accurate species identification on unsorted plankton samples and could be suitable for the estimation of larval abundances in the plankton, although more work must be done to improve the accuracy of those estimations.     

Cost–benefit analysis of construction waste source reduction: a system dynamics approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Construction waste (CW) source reduction is a crucial strategy to address the sustainability issue of the construction industry. The economic benefit...     

干旱内流区绿洲乡村聚落空间格局及影响因素分析——以塔里木河流域为例

把握干旱区绿洲群乡村聚落空间规律,揭示其驱动因素,以期为新疆乡村振兴战略实施中的聚落规划和管理提供依据。基于GIS空间分析技术、景观韵律指数及计量统计方法,研究塔里木河流域绿洲乡村聚落的空间格局及其影响机制,结果表明：(1）塔里木河流域绿洲乡村聚落规模差异悬殊、微小型聚落数量居多、整体呈小规模—低密度—多核破碎化分布;(2）流域上游至下游,乡村聚落密度、规模、形状、破碎化程度分异明显,空间上呈现逐次递减态势,且大小绿洲、兵地聚落差异明显;(3）聚落主要分布在海拔767~1 746 m、坡度0° ~ 4°、距河流2 km以内。交通、经济、政策、兵地体制等人文因素是推动聚落空间演变及发展的重要驱动因素,但在塔里木河流域复杂的地势地貌及河流典型的内陆性质影响下,聚落的格局发展演变受自然因素制约较强。     

Off-design performance analysis of a transcritical CO2 Rankine cycle with LNG as cold source

The transcritical CO₂ Rankine cycle with liquefied natural gas (LNG) as cold source is a promising power system to utilize mid- and low-temperature heat source. Most previous works focused on thermodynamic and thermoeconomic analysis or optimization for the system. In this article, an off-design performance analysis for the system is conducted. An off-design mathematical model for the system is established to examine the variation of system performance with the variations of heat source mass flow rate and temperature. A modified sliding pressure regulation control strategy, which regulates turbine inlet pressure to keep the temperature difference between heat source temperature and turbine inlet temperature constant, is applied to control the system when off-design conditions happen. The results show that when the mass flow rate or the temperature of heat source is less or lower than that of design condition, both the net power output of system and the system exergy efficiency decrease, whereas when they are more or higher than the values of design condition, the net power output of system increases but the system exergy efficiency still decreases. In addition, both CO₂ turbine and NG turbine could almost keep the designed efficiency values under the applied control strategy.     

Interactions of operating parameters on the production of waste polypropylene pyrolysis oil: neural fuzzy model and genetic algorithm optimization

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - This study aims to maximize the waste polypropylene (WPP) pyrolysis oil yield by regulating the operating parameters. The interactions of operating...     

龙舌兰科植物在室内装饰的应用

龙舌兰科植物形态化美、色彩丰富,是室内植物装饰的好材料。本文对进一步开展龙舌兰科植物在室内装饰的应用作了探讨。