受污染景观水体的生物修复

应用生物刺激剂BIOE1对受污染的人工景观池水进行生物修复试验。现场试验的结果表明,生物刺激剂BIOE1能有效地对受污染的景观池水进行生物修复,处理后的池水清澈,水体中的溶解氧浓度显著提高,CODCr、氨氮、总磷和浊度的去除率分别为68%、93%、75%和83%。所用生物刺激剂不含外来微生物,对人体和鱼类无毒性。     

Spatial distribution, electron microscopy analysis of titanium and its correlation to heavy metals: occurrence and sources of titanium nanomaterials in surface sediments from Xiamen Bay, China

Titanium nanomaterials are likely to sink into sediments in substantial quantities due to their wide use in a number of applications for decades. To assess the potential environmental consequences, a better understanding is required of the occurrence and sources of titanium (Ti) nanomaterials in sediments. In this research, we provide the first report of the Ti concentrations and the morphology and composition of Ti-based solids in surface sediments from Xiamen Bay, China. Results indicated that the anthropogenic Ti concentrations in the surface sediments from Xiamen Bay reached approximately 2.74 g kg(-1). Ti nanomaterials could be found in sediments with elevated Ti concentrations, which were often aggregated to a few hundred nanometers (<300 nm) and were composed of several spherical particles, less than 50 nm in size, that were made solely of TiO(x). However, Ti particles (approx. 300-700 nm) could be also found in sediments with lower Ti concentrations, which were presumably components of the natural clay mineral kaolinite. Ti nanomaterials could be easily distributed in sediments associated with elevated levels of organic matter and preferentially attach to those sediments with elevated fine fractions. As a sentinel, or tracer, for other nanomaterials, the field-scale investigation of Ti nanomaterials would contribute to increasing our knowledge on the behavior of engineered nanomaterials in an aquatic environment.     

楼顶式移动基站电磁辐射污染调查

对南通市楼顶式移动基站电磁辐射污染进行了调查。结果表明,南通市418个楼顶站基站周边地面50 m范围内电磁辐射功率密度值均能满足《电磁环境控制限值》(GB 8702—2014)的要求;楼顶美化天线、集束天线和景观塔等建设较晚的楼顶塔形地面电磁辐射强度相对较小,楼顶角钢塔、拉线塔和抱杆等建设较早的塔形地面电磁辐射强度相对较大;楼顶塔所在楼顶平台监测值存在轻度超标的情况。提出,应严格控制楼顶塔所在楼顶的人员可达性,即基站电磁辐射防护区应高出楼顶2 m以上,避免公众进入基站电磁辐射防护区内,受到基站天线的过量辐射影响。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中重金属有效态浓度

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP/MS)法,结合内标技术,高效、快速地测定了土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr、Hg、As和Se 9种元素的有效态浓度.Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr、Hg的有效态采用0.1 mol/L NaNO3浸提,所得浸提液上机前预先稀释10倍;As和Se的有效态采用稀HCl浸提.结果表明,在测定所有空白、标准溶液及样品时均在线加入500 靏/L 45Sc/72Ge/209Bi内标溶液,有效地克服了基体效应、接口效应和仪器波动所产生的影响;0.15%(质量分数)NaCl\|1.0%(体积分数)HCl作为Hg标准溶液固定液,可保证1 靏/L Hg标准溶液7 d有效期;9种元素有效态的仪器检出限均在靏/L级以下,方法检出限<0.030 mg/kg,平均加标回收率为81%～121%,相对标准偏差为0.02%～1.21%.     

氧化树脂的制备及其对水溶液中2,4-二氯苯酚的吸附研究

用H₂O₂或HNO₃氧化的方法制备了新型吸附树脂ZH-07和ZH-08,同时研究了它们对不同温度下水溶液中2,4-二氯苯酚的静态吸附和脱附特征,并对其吸附机理进行了探讨。结果表明,经氧化后的树脂ZH-07和ZH-08对水溶液中2,4-二氯苯酚的吸附过程存在化学吸附作用,可以提高它们对水溶液中2,4-二氯苯酚的吸附容量。     

Quantifying groundwater phosphorus flux to rivers in a typical agricultural watershed in eastern China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Increasing evidence indicates that groundwater can contain high dissolved phosphorus (P) concentrations, thereby contributing as a potential pollution...     

Adsorption performance and mechanisms of mercaptans removal from gasoline oil using core-shell AC-based adsorbents

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sulfur compound detection such as mercaptans in liquid fuels is undesirable because sulfur is the main sourcing emission of sulfur oxide (SOx) into...     

基于社会认知理论的事故体验对矿工不安全行为影响研究

为了研究事故体验对矿工不安全行为的余效效应,基于社会认知理论框架,建立了安全氛围调节作用下的事故体验对矿工不安全行为的假设模型,收集308名陕西和甘肃等地矿山企业一线工作人员有效调查问卷,采用结构方程(SEM)和层次回归的方法对假设模型进行了验证.结果表明:个体的事故体验通过风险感知和安全态度的中介作用负向影响矿工的不安全行为;组织安全氛围在风险感知对不安全行为的影响中有负向增强的调节作用,在风险感知和事故体验对安全态度的影响中具有正向增强的调节作用.     

Higher efficiency and lower environmental impact of membrane separation for carbon dioxide capture in coal power plants

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Global warming may be slowed down by carbon capture and storage systems that allow to sequester carbon dioxide from large fixed point sources such as power plants...