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641.
642.
Influences of dissolved and colloidal organic carbon on the uptake of Ag, Cd, and Cr by the marine mussel Perna viridis 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The cross-flow ultrafiltration and radiotracer techniques were used to study the influences of natural dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and colloidal organic carbon (COC) on the bioavailability of Ag, Cd, and Cr to the green mussel Perna viridis. We examined the uptake of these metals by the mussels at different concentrations of DOC and COC from different origins (estuarine, coastal, and diatom decomposed). Using the DOC originating from the decomposed diatom (Thalassiosira pseudonana), we demonstrated that Cd and Cr uptake, quantified by the concentration factor (DCF), increased linearly with increasing DOC concentration. There was, however, no consistent influence of natural DOC concentration on the metal uptake when the DOC was obtained from different sources of seawater (coastal and estuarine). The influences of COC on metal bioavailability were metal-specific and dependent on the geochemical properties of colloids and colloid-metal complexation. Cd uptake rate was not influenced by the COC concentrations. Uptake of diatom-decomposed colloidal Cr was enhanced by 3.4x, whereas the uptake of diatom-decomposed colloidal Ag was decreased by 8.2x compared with the uptake of low molecular weight Cr and Ag (<1 kDa). The uptake of diatom-decomposed colloidal Cr and Ag was generally lower than the uptake of metals bound with the same type of colloids for 2 days. Further aging of the colloid-metal binding reduced metal bioavailability to the mussels. In the presence of different sizes of colloidal particles where there was no major binding of colloids with the metals, metal uptake by the mussels was not influenced by different COC concentrations. Overall, our study suggests that although metal dissociation from colloids may be an important step for the uptake of colloidal metals, other mechanisms such as pinocytosis and co-transport may also be involved in the uptake of these metals, especially in aquatic environments with high DOC and COC concentrations. 相似文献
643.
炼油厂轻污染水回用试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对某炼油厂轻污染废水水质情况,选用了BAF(生物曝气滤池)工艺+SF(砂滤)工艺对该废水进行净化处理。通过试验研究,得到了BAF工艺合适的运行参数,取得了满意的试验结果。经BAF工艺处理后,出水COD和油平均浓度分别为9.78mg/L和0.24mg/L,再经SF工艺进一步去除SS后,出水SS平均浓度为3.8mg/L,系统处理出水完全达到工业回用水水质要求。试验证明:BAF工艺是一种高效的处理方法,适合炼油厂轻污染水的净化处理。 相似文献
644.
膜生物反应器的研究及在废水处理中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
综合论述了膜生物反应器的发展概况、基本原理、技术特点及分类等。 相似文献
645.
气溶胶中多环芳烃光降解的初步研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文以大容量空气脱悬浮微粒采样器采集了大气中的气溶胶样品,以石英滤膜为载体,研究了气溶胶中的多环芳烃在紫外光照下的光降解规律。 相似文献
646.
647.
潘涛 《安全.健康和环境》2018,18(4):18-21
针对散料硫黄带式输送机胶带清扫效果差的问题,进行了改进试验研究,创新使用非接触式高压风吹清扫器,解决了胶带彻底清扫的同时延长了胶带寿命,实现输送系统安全、环保、平稳运行。 相似文献
648.
为了探究影响NO2排放的交通相关因素,以交通分析小区为基本单位,提取了美国洛杉矶城市的人口特征、道路网络特征、交通状况等数据,采用地理加权回归模型(GWR)分析各交通相关因素对NO2排放的影响,从而建立交通小区NO2排放预测模型。结果表明,交通小区路网密度、交通小区机动车吸引量、通勤时间在30~60 min的工作人数与NO2的排放呈正相关,表明3种影响因素的增加会造成NO2排放的增加;而交通小区在家工作的人数、慢行交通(步行、自行车等绿色出行方式)吸引量与NO2的排放呈负相关,表明适当鼓励在家工作的新型办公方式、鼓励居民出行选择慢行交通,能有效减少交通小区NO2的排放。 相似文献
649.
Zhicheng Liao Bei Li Juhong Zhan Huan He Xiaoxia Yang Dongxu Zhou Guoxi Yu Chaochao Lai Bin Huan Xuejun Pan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(6):69
650.
Huan Zhong Ping Li Yongguang Yin Pei Lei Nan Zou Yujiao Liu Weiping Cai Mengjie Wu Wenli Tang Yong Cai Xinbin Feng Shuxiao Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,119(9):78-92
Mercury (Hg) could be microbially methylated to the bioaccumulative neurotoxin methylmercury (MeHg), raising health concerns. Understanding the methylation of various Hg species is thus critical in predicting the MeHg risk. Among the known Hg species, mercury sulfide (HgS) is the largest Hg reservoir in the lithosphere and has long been considered to be highly inert. However, with advances in the analytical methods of nanoparticles, HgS nanoparticles (HgS NPs) have recently been detected in various environmental matrices or organisms. Furthermore, pioneering laboratory studies have reported the high bioavailability of HgS NPs. The formation, presence, and transformation (e.g., methylation) of HgS NPs are intricately related to several environmental factors, especially dissolved organic matter (DOM). The complexity of the behavior of HgS NPs and the heterogeneity of DOM prevent us from comprehensively understanding and predicting the risk of HgS NPs. To reveal the role of HgS NPs in Hg biogeochemical cycling, research needs should focus on the following aspects: the formation pathways, the presence, and the environmental behaviors of HgS NPs impacted by the dominant influential factor of DOM. We thus summarized the latest progress in these aspects and proposed future research priorities, e.g., developing the detection techniques of HgS NPs and probing HgS NPs in various matrices, further exploring the interactions between DOM and HgS NPs. Besides, as most of the previous studies were conducted in laboratories, our current knowledge should be further refreshed through field observations, which would help to gain better insights into predicting the Hg risks in natural environment. 相似文献