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751.
Effects of sandy desertified land rehabilitation on soil carbon sequestration and aggregation in an arid region in China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yong Zhong Su Xue Fen Wang Rong Yang Jaehoon Lee 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(11):2109-2116
The rehabilitation of sandy desertified land in semi-arid and arid regions has a great potential to increase carbon sequestration and improve soil quality. Our objective was to investigate the changes in the soil carbon pool and soil properties of surface soil (0–15 cm) under different types of rehabilitation management. Our study was done in the short-term (7 years) and long-term (32 years) desertification control sites in a marginal oasis of northwest China. The different management treatments were: (1) untreated shifting sand land as control; (2) sand-fixing shrubs with straw checkerboards; (3) poplar (Populus gansuensis) shelter forest; and (4) irrigated cropland after leveling sand dune. The results showed that the rehabilitation of severe sandy desertified land resulted in significant increases in soil organic C (SOC), inorganic C, and total N concentrations, as well as enhanced soil aggregation. Over a 7-year period of revegetation and cultivation, SOC concentration in the recovered shrub land, forest land and irrigated cropland increased by 4.1, 14.6 and 11.9 times compared to the control site (shifting sand land), and increased by 11.2, 17.0 and 23.0 times over the 32-year recovery period. Total N, labile C (KMnO4–oxidation C), C management index (CMI) and inorganic C (CaCO3–C) showed a similar increasing trend as SOC. The increased soil C and N was positively related to the accumulation of fine particle fractions. The accumulation of silt and clay, soil C and CaCO3 enhanced the formation of aggregates, which was beneficial to mitigate wind erosion. The percentage of >0.25 mm dry aggregates increased from 18.0% in the control site to 20.0–87.2% in the recovery sites, and the mean weight diameter (MWD) of water-stable aggregates significantly increased, with a range of 0.09–0.30 mm at the recovery sites. Long-term irrigation and fertilization led to a greater soil C and N accumulation in cropland than in shrub and forest lands. The amount of soil C sequestration reached up to 1.8–9.4 and 7.5–17.3 Mg ha?1 at the 0–15 cm layer over a 7- and 32-year rehabilitation period compared to the control site, suggesting that desertification control has a great potential for sequestering soil C and improving soil quality in northwest China. 相似文献
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753.
Yan Wang Guanyi Chen Yanbin Li Beibei Yan Donghui Pan 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2013,33(11):2408-2415
Environment-friendly treatment of sewage sludge has become tremendously important. Conversion of sewage sludge into energy products by environment-friendly conversion process, with its energy recovery and environmental benefits, is being paid significant attention. Direct liquefaction of sewage sludge into bio-oils with supercritical water (SCW) was therefore put forward in this study, as de-water usually requiring intensive energy input is not necessary in this direct liquefaction. Supercritical water may act as a strong solvent and also a reactant, as well as catalyst promoting reaction process. Experiments were carried out in a self designed high-pressure reaction system with varying operating conditions. Through orthogonal experiments, it was found that temperature and residence time dominated on bio-oil yield compared with other operating parameters. Temperature from 350 to 500 °C and reaction residence time of 0, 30, 60 min were accordingly investigated in details, respectively. Under supercritical conversion, the maximum bio-oil yield could achieve 39.73%, which was performed at 375 °C and 0 min reaction residence time. Meanwhile, function of supercritical water was concluded. Fuel property analysis showed the potential of bio-oil application as crude fuel. 相似文献
754.
755.
潘武龙 《安全.健康和环境》2021,21(7):58-60
以中央和中国石化集团公司对党的建设和安全生产、安全文化建设的要求为依据,指出加强安全文化建设的重要性,简要分析国有企业党建与安全文化之间的联系,提出在安全文化建设中发挥党建引领作用的路径和方法,不断推动安全生产和发展。 相似文献
756.
Rong Li Jing Wang Ailing Gu Yan Xu Jing Guo Jiafu Pan Yanhong Zeng Yuanlin Ma Canquan Zhou Yanwen Xu 《黑龙江环境通报》2021,41(6):681-689
757.
以乙醇为溶析剂,通过过滤—中和—蒸馏浓缩—溶析结晶等工序,从白炭黑废母液中回收硫酸钠。考察了硫酸钠回收效果的影响因素,并进行了热能消耗和处理成本的分析。实验结果表明:乙醇的加入量对硫酸钠溶解度和蒸馏浓缩过程有着显著影响;在蒸馏醇水比(乙醇与中性废母液的体积比)为0.27,浓缩废母液中硫酸钠质量浓度为69.27 g/L,溶析醇水比(乙醇与浓缩废母液的体积比)为1的最佳工艺条件下,白炭黑废母液中硫酸钠的一次回收率可达69.94%,硫酸钠产品的纯度达到97.3%。 相似文献
758.
采用顶空采样,填充柱分离,ECD测定水和废水中的邻二氯苯,在柱温150℃,进样室温200℃,ECD温300%下,邻二氯苯的保留时间为3.78min,该方法灵敏度高,最低检出浓度为0.02μg/L;精密度好,对标准样品六次测定的相对标准偏差小于3.9%;准确度高,加标回收率在95%~104%之间。操作简便、测定快速,克服了萃取法烦琐、有毒、易污染色谱柱等缺点。 相似文献
759.
大气环境中OH自由基测定 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
采用自旋捕集技术和电子自旋共振法结合测定大气环境中OH自由基,首先用自旋捕集剂将OH自由基捕集,生成比较稳定的自然旋加合物,,然后带回实验室处理测定,该法为开展大气光化学研究提供了一种采样方便,利于实测的方法,据3个采样点的实测结果表明,相对误差约为35%,比文献所示结果略大。 相似文献
760.