浅谈消防队在化工企业大检修期间的应急响应

针对化工企业大检修期间的危险性及救援难点进行了分析,总结了在历次大修期间的消防安保经验,提出了消防队在大检修期间应发挥的作用。     

纸浆造纸废水与城市污水厂进水混合处理的试验研究

采用SBR工艺模拟污水厂活性污泥法处理纸浆造纸废水。试验结果表明,活性污泥法处理纸浆造纸废水效果良好,对NH3-N、TP、SS、COD以及BOD5的去除率分别达到99%,88%,99%,93%,97%。证明纸浆造纸废水与城市污水混合处理是可行的。     

温岭市城镇污水处理厂建设进展及推进机制探讨

为改善城乡水环境质量,促进社会经济协调发展,温岭市政府计划用3年时间实现镇镇都有污水处理厂的目标。经过三年的全力推进,各镇的污水处理工程建设均已经启动,但进展十分缓慢,离目标要求差距很大。本文深入调查了温岭市城镇污水处理厂的建设背景和建设现状,重点分析了城镇污水处理厂建设、运营过程中存在的主要问题,对污水处理厂的规划规模、工艺方案选择、管理体制创新以及如何保障污水处理厂正常运营等问题提出了相关的对策建议。     

五大连池地区天然矿泉生态环境评价

五大连池矿泉是世界著名的三大冷矿泉之一,是中国十分宝贵的地下矿产资源。具有极为广阔的市场前景。对于科研、旅游、生产都有着十分重要的意义。但是在不断的开发过程中也造成诸如水质下降,生态环境的破坏等一系列问题。因此本文选取五大连池地区60处天然矿泉进行基础生态环境调查与评估工作,并根据天然矿泉周围的生态环境和污染程度分为4类。主要讨论五大连池地区天然矿泉资源周围的生态状况及存在的问题,并制定了相应的保护对策。     

改性石墨毡电极对浓差电池协同处理电镀污泥和盐酸酸洗废液效果的影响探究

采用单纯加热处理、单纯丙酮浸泡处理以及加热+丙酮浸泡全处理等3种方式对石墨毡电极进行改性.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对改性前后的石墨毡电极进行表征分析,并构建相应浓差电池协同处理电镀污泥和盐酸酸洗废液,考察浓差电池电化学性能及重金属去除能力.结果表明,加热+丙酮浸泡全处理相比单一处理,改性...     

Risk Assessment of Carbon Sequestration for Terrestrial Ecosystems in China

Abstract

Climate change will alter the capacity of carbon sequestration, and the risk assessment of carbon sequestration for terrestrial ecosystems will be helpful to the decision-making for climate change countermeasures and international climate negotiations. Based on the net ecosystem productivity of terrestrial ecosystems simulated by Atmosphere Vegetation Integrated Model, each grid of the risk criterion was set by time series trend analysis. Then the risks of carbon sequestration of terrestrial ecosystems were investigated. The results show that, in the IPCCSRES-B2 climate scenario, climate change will bring risks of carbon sequestration, and the high-risk level will dominate terrestrial ecosystems. The risk would expand with the increase of warming degree. By the end of the long-term of this century, about 60% of the whole country will face the risk; Northwest China, mountainous areas in Northeast China, middle and lower reaches plain of Yangtze River areas, Southwest China and Southeast China tend to be extremely vulnerable. Risk levels in most regions are likely to grow with the increase of warming degree, and this increase will mainly occur during the near-term to mid-term. Northwest China will become an area of high risks, and deciduous coniferous forests, temperate mixed forests and desert grassland tend to be extremely vulnerable.     

湖北省近50年风灾灾情分布特征分析

风灾是湖北省主要的气象灾害之一,每年对高层建筑施工、电力、通信设施等造成较大损失,还给农业生产带来严重影响。利用湖北省1963～2011年的风灾灾情资料,分析了全省各地风灾灾情发生的频次及分布特征。结果表明:湖北省的风灾灾情与地理分布相关,全省风灾灾情可分为4个区域带,兴山-保康、宣恩、五峰-宜昌、荆州-公安一带,是风灾灾情出现的最大风险区,其中兴山、长阳两地为最高发频次地区,而鄂西北等地很少出现风灾灾情;其次,这些灾情,季节性较强,93.9%风灾灾情出现在春夏两季,而秋冬两季出现风灾灾情较少;从1963～2011的风灾灾情5个10a统计资料来看,风灾灾情出现增加的趋势,两个高峰年相隔约25a,而高峰灾年3a左右。     

基于水化学与硫同位素的卡林型金矿区岩溶水文地球化学特征及控制因素

采矿活动通过抽排改变地下水水位和流动条件,促进了地下水与含水层岩石之间的相互作用,同时矿山排水排入地表水系,从而影响整个岩溶水系统的水文地球化学过程.基于水文地球化学和δ³⁴ S同位素,揭示了典型卡林型金矿区及其周边矿山废水、岩溶地下水、地表水等水文地球化学过程、特征及其主要控制因子.结果表明,未受金矿开采活动影响的地下水和地表水的丰、枯水期水化学组分主要受灰岩和白云质灰岩风化作用控制,离子以Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和HCO₃^-为主,水化学类型均为Ca-HCO₃型.而矿山废水及其下游受纳水体受碳酸盐和硅酸盐矿物溶蚀与离子交换作用影响,离子以Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Na⁺和SO₄^2-为主,水化学类型由Ca-HCO₃型逐步演化为Ca-SO₄型.受矿山开采影响的各类水体中SO₄^2-是特征组分,SO₄^2-浓度在井下呈现从上至下逐渐降低的显著规律.未受矿山废水影响的地下水和地表水δ³⁴ S值偏正,SO₄^2-主要来源于雄黄矿的氧化,而矿山废水及其下游受纳水体δ³⁴ S值偏负,SO₄^2-主要受雄黄矿氧化和大气降水两个端元混合作用的影响,黄铁矿也有一定贡献.同时,各类水体的NO₃^-源于农业化肥施用和农村生活污水直排的输入.     

Relationship between exposure of alkylphenols in serum of pregnant women during early pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Alkylphenols are a type of endocrine disruptors, which are commonly found in personal care products, food, and water and are more harmful to the human...     

Assessment of major food crops production-based environmental efficiency in China,India, and Pakistan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Global warming and food security have led to increasing concern about agricultural crop production efficiency, especially wheat and rice farming. The...