十一五省际节能绩效及绿色距离变化

从十一五节能目标出发,利用2006~2010年全国30个省区的统计数据,分析了各省区节能效率及绿色距离的变化。结论如下：（1）依据各省区单位GDP能耗、单位IAV能耗和单位GDP电耗数据计算它们的节能量与节能效率,结果发现各省区节能量与节能效率差异较大;（2）利用单位GDP能耗与单位IAV能耗、单位GDP电耗的面板数据,确定了生态省建设的单位IAV能耗、单位GDP电耗标准分别为1.513 7tce和95547度;（3）依据能耗绿色距离和生态化实现度公式,分析了各省区能耗绿色距离和生态化实现度的变化。既是对过去5 a各省区节能效率的回顾性评价,同时也为未来5 a各省区节能降耗提供了参考依据     

回收电解锰渣中的可溶性锰

以电解锰渣滤液为实验原料,研究了利用二氧化碳和氨水回收锰渣滤液中可溶性锰的工艺,实验结果表明:当n(氨水):n(可溶性锰)为2.50、二氧化碳曝气流量为50 L/h、曝气时间为5 min、振荡时间为60 min时,可溶性锰回收率达75%以上;对沉淀物进行X射线衍射分析,碳酸锰纯度接近100%。1kg电解锰渣可回收27 mg碳酸锰。     

四喷嘴射流曝气器性能的三维数值模拟与实验研究

应用FLUENT对四喷嘴射流曝气器在不同工况下的引射空气性能进行三维数值模拟,分析了射流器内的场分布特性与气液两相流动结构;同时建立射流器性能实验台,对四喷嘴射流曝气器的性能进行实验研究。研究表明,四喷嘴射流器性能较高,能量损失较少,两相流动结构稳定;相对于单喷嘴射流器,四喷嘴射流器的流量比和效率随压力比的变化显著;四喷嘴射流曝气器在工况4下工作性能最好,其流量比q为3.20,效率η为36%,而相似工况下单喷嘴结构流量比q仅为1左右,效率η不超过20%;数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。     

Emissions of nitric oxide from 79 plant species in response to simulated nitrogen deposition

To assess the potential contribution of nitric oxide (NO) emission from the plants grown under the increasing nitrogen (N) deposition to atmospheric NO budget, the effects of simulated N deposition on NO emission and various leaf traits (e.g., specific leaf area, leaf N concentration, net photosynthetic rate, etc.) were investigated in 79 plant species classified by 13 plant functional groups. Simulated N deposition induced the significant increase of NO emission from most functional groups, especially from conifer, gymnosperm and C(3) herb. Moreover, the change rate of NO emission was significantly correlated with the change rate of various leaf traits. We conclude that the plants grown under atmospheric N deposition, especially in conifer, gymnosperm and C(3) herb, should be taken into account as an important biological source of NO and potentially contribute to atmospheric NO budget.     

多菌群污水生物处理反应器中污泥分布的试验研究

在多菌群污水生物处理反应器处理城市污水的试验中,对反应器主反应区内水平中线及垂直中线上所布设取样点位的混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)、混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS)、污泥沉降比(SV30)及污泥容积指数(SVI)进行了检测分析。结果表明,MLSS与MLVSS分布趋势大致相同,在水平方向与垂直方向污泥浓度总体呈现大小交替型分布;SV30与SVI在水平方向总体呈现出周边大、中心小的非对称分布,而在垂直方向由上到下呈现出先增大后减小再增大的分布趋势。污泥浓度与污泥沉降性能的差异分布,对将反应器进水点分布在污泥浓度高值区域、污泥回流点布置在污泥浓度低值区域及出水点选定在污泥浓度较低且沉降性能较好区域有着重要的指导作用,为反应器的优化控制提供了理论依据。     

燃煤电厂袋式除尘器气流分布物理模型实验研究

根据相似理论建立了针对某燃煤电厂新建袋式除尘器工程的气流分布物理模型实验装置,并对其在典型工况下的气流分布情况进行了实验和分析.在此基础上,通过增加导流板和改变气流分布板的组合方式等措施,调整优化系统的气流分布情况,得出了适用于该项工程的气流分布设计和优化方案.     

充满生机、前景广阔的再生资源产业

近年来,再生资源产业发展迅速,显示了其广阔的发展前景。以汨罗市再生资源产业发展为例,探讨再生资源产业广阔的发展前景。     

Investigation of structural requirements for inhibitory activity at the rat and housefly picrotoxinin binding sites in ionotropic GABA receptors using DISCOtech and CoMFA

A number of widely diverse compounds that show inhibitory activities at the picrotoxinin binding sites in housefly and rat GABA receptors were investigated by using the distance comparison technique (DISCOtech) and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) methods to explore the pharmacophore models and the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) of the compounds. These compounds consist of three diverse types of noncompetitive GABA receptor antagonists, i.e., trioxabicyclooctanes and their derivatives, picrodendrins and related terpenoids, and fipronil and its analogs. For investigation of the structural requirements for inhibitory activity at the picrotoxinin binding site of GABA receptor, DISCOtech pharmacophore models containing one center of hydrophobic ring and two hydrogen bond acceptor atoms for both housefly-head and rat-brain GABA receptors were constructed, respectively. In particular, the interacting areas in housefly receptors appear to be wider than that in rat receptors, the differences between rat and housefly receptor models implicate the selectivity of noncompetitive GABA receptor antagonists. In addition, corresponding CoMFA models with good statistical indices (r(2)>0.9 and q(2)>0.5) were also obtained. These models can be used as guidance for the development of new compounds with high activities and selectivities.     

磁场对活性污泥脱水性能的影响

研究了磁场对城市污水处理厂活性污泥脱水性能的影响,结果表明:磁场能够降低污泥比阻、降低污泥颗粒表面电极电位(zeta电位)、提高污泥离心脱水性能,改善了污泥脱水性能.考察了磁化时间和磁场强度对污泥比阻和污泥颗粒表面电极电位的影响,结果表明:3#磁场磁化30　min污泥的脱水性能得到最有效的改善;在磁场作用下,污泥滤液ρ(COD_Cr)和ρ(NH₄＋)都在短时间内升高,随后降低并趋于稳定(ρ(COD_Cr)的最大变化率为60%;ρ(NH₄＋)的变化率仅为5%).比较了3＃磁场不同位型对污泥的影响,结果表明,平行磁化效果明显优于垂直磁化,其对电极电位的影响较大(降幅达46.5%),但对比阻影响较小.通过不同药剂(FeCl₃,PAM)与磁场联用的方法调理污泥发现,FeCl₃和磁场联用时,污泥离心脱水速率(1 800 r/min,离心2 min)和离心脱水程度(4 800 r/min,离心30 min)较仅使用FeCl₃时有显著的提高;但是磁场作用下FeCl₃与PAM混用时,其作用效果不佳.