Numerical simulation of alga growth and control in Dalian Bay

WAHMO model was used to simulate the distribution of pollutants in Dalian Bay, China as to predict well as the growth and control of alga. The observed and predicted values of main pollutants showed a good trend at all study locations and the different between them can be ignored. Simulation results illustrated that phosphate was one of limited factors to control algal growth at the location near the sewage outfall, meanwhile, away from the sewage outfall, the synergy of ammonium nitrogen and phosphate was the limited factor.     

Waste oyster shell as a kind of active filler to treat the combined wastewater at an estuary

Estuaries have been described as one of the most difficult environments on Earth. It is difficult to know how to treat the combined wastewater in tidal rivers at the estuary, where the situation is very different from ordinary fresh water rivers. Waste oyster shell was used as the active filler in this study in a bio-contact oxidation tank to treat the combined wastewater at the Fengtang Tidal River. With a middle-experimental scale of 360 ma/day, the average removal efficiency of COD, BOD, NH3-N, TP and TSS was 80.05%, 85.02%, 86.59%, 50.58% and 85.32%, respectively, in this bio-contact oxidation process. The living microbes in the biofilms on the waste oyster shell in this bio-contact oxidation tank, which were mainly composed of zoogloea, protozoa and micro-metazoa species, revealed that waste oyster shell as the filler was suitable material for combined wastewater degradation. This treatment method using waste oyster shell as active filler was then applied in a mangrove demonstration area for water quality improvement near the experiment area, with a treatment volume of 5 × 10^3 m^3/day. Another project was also successfully applied in a constructed wetland, with a wastewater treatment volume of 1 ×10^3 m^3/day. This technology is therefore feasible and can easily be applied on a larger scale,     

Formation of THMs and HANs during bromination of Microcystis aeruginosa

Bromine-contained disinfectants and biocides are widely used in swimming pools, recreational waters and cooling towers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the formation of thrihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetonitriles (HANs) and their cytotoxicity in algae solutions during free bromine disinfection. Disinfection by-products formation potential experiments were conducted using model solutions containing 7 mg/L (as total organic carbon) Microcystis aeruginosa cells. Effects of free bromine dosage, pH and ammonia were investigated. The results showed that brominated disinfection by-products were the major products when free bromine was applied. The total THMs formed during bromination was much as that formed during chlorination, whereas HANs were elevated by using bromination instead of chlorination. Dibromoacetonitrice (C2H2NBr2 ) and bromoform (CHBr3 ) were the only detected species during free bromine disinfection. The production of C2H2NBr2 and CHBr 3 increased with disinfectant dosage but decreased with dosing ammonia. CHBr3 increased with the pH changing from 5 to 9. However, C2H2NBr2 achieved the highest production at neutral pH, which was due to a joint effect of variation in hydrolysis rate and free bromine reactivity. The hydrolysis of C2H2NBr2 was base-catalytic and nearly unaffected by disinfectant. Finally, estimation of cytotoxicity of the disinfected algae solutions showed that HANs formation was responsible for the majority of toxicity. Considering its highest toxicity among the measured disinfection by-products, the elevated C2H2NBr2 should be considered when using bromine-related algaecide.     

呼和浩特市创建国家环保模范城市分析

本文通过对呼和浩特市创建国家环保模范城市面临的困难、采取的措施以及取得的效果进行分析,对北方地区创建国家环保模范城市提供借鉴.     

广州白云国际机场航空垃圾的处理及处置对策

广州白云国际机场是国家三大枢纽机场之一,随着广州白云国际机场航空事业的发展,航空垃圾的排放量越来越大,品种愈来愈多,对环境的影响也越来越明显。本文针对广州白云国际机场航空垃圾的产生情况、航空垃圾的处理现状进行分析,并对其将来航空垃圾的处理处置情况提出对策和建议。     

基于遥感监测的黄海绿潮漂移路径及分布面积特征分析

本文利用2008～2012年的多源卫星遥感序列图像,动态监测各年绿潮发生的漂移路径、影响海域面积,得到各年绿潮漂移趋势、分布面积和最大分布面积出现时间。根据监测结果,划分出影响绿潮漂移路径的关键区域,并分析了2008、2009和2010年关键区域内各年绿潮漂移方向和面积变化情况。     

电站运营对北溪下游水质影响探讨及改进建议

文章通过对利水电站坝上、坝下布设监测断面,进行为期近一个月的枯水期水质监测,分析上下游水质的变化以期对梯级电站的建设与运营对北溪下游水质的影响进行研究,认为梯级电站的建设运行,形成梯级水库,流速变缓,大气覆氧能力降低,水中溶解氧下降,导致水体自净能力减弱,使水环境容量降低,对污染物的稀释、混合和降解能力减弱,湖库富营养化是水库的主要生态环境问题。为此,提出污染防治对策,并提出当上游污染水团下泄时,作为补救和改善水质时电站应采取的运行方式,为今后河流的突发污染防治、水质保护与改善提供经验借鉴。     

模型模拟在城市SO2环境容量测算中的应用研究

以许昌市污染源普查数据为基础,通过现状排放、环境质量控制目标与预测环境质量、污染物削减和浓度贡献分析,核定得到了准确可靠的许昌市二氧化硫环境容量;研究建立的从宏观理想容量到实际容量的多源模型体系,能较好地应用于二氧化硫环境容量研究;A—P值法、AERMOD模型均能较好地模拟污染源与环境空气质量的响应关系,且二者具有较好的一致性,可作为可靠的多源模型广泛应用于中小城市的二氧化硫环境容量核定研究及环境规划管理。     

镜泊湖水质分析及水质预测研究

湖泊蓄水是中国重要的淡水资源之一,是人民生活不可缺少的宝贵资源。近年来,湖泊污染致使湖泊水质恶化、水体鱼类种类下降,对湖泊区域经济发展造成了威胁,尤其严重阻碍了旅游业的发展。本文通过对镜泊湖水环境现状分析以及时水质进行预测、评价,分析镜泊湖水污染特征,并为解决镜泊湖水环境问题提供依据。     

复合微生物菌剂在近海污水中的修复作用研究

采用直接投加复合微生物菌剂原位修复深圳湾污染水体,去除水体中的有机物、氮和磷等污染物,15天检测分析微生物处理对水体溶解氧（DO）、氨态氮（NH4-N）、悬浮物（SS）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）变化的影响。结果表明：采用微生物技术修复深圳湾近海污染水环境具有显著效果,试验期间水体中DO明显提高,最佳复配硝化茵（B2）与枯草芽孢杆菌（B6）对NH4-N降低了53．9％,悬浮物（ss）降低了56．9％,总氮（TN）降低52．1％,总磷（TP）降低57．6％。有害弧菌单一菌落数降低了64．9％