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11.
Mengwei Zhang Wanyue Liu Qian Qu Mingjing Ke Zhenyan Zhang Zhigao Zhou Tao Lu Haifeng Qian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(11):102-109
An effective broad-spectrum fungicide, azoxystrobin (AZ), has been widely detected in aquatic ecosystems, potentially affecting the growth of aquatic microorganisms. In the present study, the eukaryotic alga Monoraphidium sp. and the cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena sp. were exposed to AZ for 7 days. Our results showed that 0.2–0.5 mg/L concentrations of AZ slightly inhibited the growth of Monoraphidium sp. but stimulated Pseudanabaena sp. growth. Meanwhile, AZ treatment effectively increased the secretion of total organic carbon (TOC) in the culture media of the two species, and this phenomenon was also found in a freshwater microcosm experiment (containing the natural microbial community). We attempted to assess the effect of AZ on the function of aquatic microbial communities through metabolomic analysis and further explore the potential risks of this compound. The metabonomic profiles of the microcosm indicated that the most varied metabolites after AZ treatment were related to the citrate cycle (TCA), fatty acid biosynthesis and purine metabolism. We thereby inferred that the microbial community increased extracellular secretions by adjusting metabolic pathways, which might be a stress response to reduce AZ toxicity. Our results provide an important theoretical basis for further study of fungicide stress responses in aquatic microcosm microbial communities, as well as a good start for further explorations of AZ detoxification mechanisms, which will be valuable for the evaluation of AZ environmental risk. 相似文献
12.
本文基于中国境内的湖泊、水库、河流等淡水系统CH4排放研究的相关成果,对203个湖泊(595个样点)、46个水库(221个样点)、112条河流(441个样点),总计1257个样点的CH4通量数据进行统计分析,探讨了中国淡水系统(湖泊、水库、河流)CH4排放的一般特征,总结了当前研究进展,并进一步估算和评估了中国淡水系统CH4排放总量水平.结果表明:1)中国湖泊CH4排放通量平均为(1.17±1.87) mg/(m2·h),蒙新湖区((3.84±0.57) mg/(m2·h))和东北湖区((2.62±3.54) mg/(m2·h))较高,青藏湖区((1.94±4.13) mg/(m2·h))次之,东部湖区((0.81±0.90) mg/(m2·h))较低,云贵湖区((0.19±0.26) mg/(m2·h))最低;湖泊CH4排放通量呈显著的纬度模式,高纬度地区湖泊CH4排放高于低纬度地区;2)水库CH4排放通量((1.25±1.78) mg/(m2·h))与湖泊相似,水库消落带较高的排放通量((4.34±4.45)mg/(m2·h))对水库CH4排放具有重要贡献;3)河流CH4排放((0.82±1.14) mg/(m2·h))略低于湖库,长江水系CH4排放通量((0.98±2.38) mg/(m2·h))和黄河水系((0.85±0.75) mg/(m2·h))相近,高于海河水系((0.54±0.93) mg/(m2·h)),辽河、珠江水系研究较少,数据变异性极大;4)受降水、温度、径流稀释等影响,淡水系统CH4排放呈显著的季节变化,其中湖库排放夏季高于秋季,冬春季较低,而河流则春秋季高于夏冬季;5)基于外推法估算全国湖泊、水库、河流CH4排放总量分别约为0.96,0.29,0.76Tg/a,相当于全国湿地系统排放的75%.由于较大的时空变异性以及监测数据分布的不均匀性,目前估算存在较大的不确定性,但淡水系统CH4排放在全球气候变化中的贡献仍不容小觑. 相似文献
13.
Liu Cenjie Zhou Zhongbao Liu Qing Xie Rui Zeng Ximei 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2020,25(7):1199-1219
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Low-carbon pilot (LCP) policy aims to not only achieve economic development but also address climate change problems in China. With a... 相似文献
15.
Zhixiang Zhou Tong Shao Mengnan Qin Xiaoyan Miao Yu Chang Wang Sheng Fengshang Wu Yunjiang Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(4):182-187
The purpose of this study was to examine the direct toxicity of PM2.5 collected from Beijing on human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC). A Cell Counting Kit 8(CCK8) assay demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure decreased the proliferation of HUVECs in a dosedependent manner. We also found that PM2.5 exposure induced autophagy in HUVECs, as evidenced by:(1) an increased number of double-membrane vesicles;(2) enhanced conversion and punctuation of the microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3); and(3) decreased levels of the selective autophagy substrate p62 in a time-dependent manner.Furthermore, promoting autophagy in PM2.5-exposed HUVECs with rapamycin increased the cell survival rate, whereas inhibiting autophagy via 3-methyladenine significantly decreased cell survival. These results demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure can induce cytotoxicity and autophagy in HUVECs and that autophagy play a protective role against PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity. The findings of the present study imply a direct toxic effect of PM2.5 on HUVECs and provide novel insight into the mechanism of cardiovascular diseases caused by PM2.5 exposure. 相似文献
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17.
结合旅游风景区举办大型体育赛事对环境的危害性,从减少污染排放源、从源头治理污染、加大管理层的监管力度等三方面进行环境污染监控管理。采用统计分析方法对环保治理效果进行量化评估,分析旅游风景区举办大型体育赛事期间的空气污染指数、废弃物排放数量以及水质污染情况,结合分组样本检验方法进行环保措施的有效性评价,并根据实际情况制定最优的环保措施,实现对旅游风景区的全方面环境治理,确保举办体育赛事对旅游景区的生态环境污染影响降到最低。 相似文献
18.
19.
Gu B Watson DB Wu L Phillips DH White DC Zhou J 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2002,77(3):293-309
Zero-valent iron (Fe0)-based permeable reactive barriertreatment has been generating great interest for passivegroundwater remediation, yet few studies have paid particularattention to the microbial activity and characteristics withinand in the vicinity of the Fe0-barrier matrix. The presentstudy was undertaken to evaluate the microbial population andcommunity composition in the reducing zone of influence byFe0 corrosion in the barrier at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plantsite. Both phospholipid fatty acids and DNA analyses were usedto determine the total microbial population and microbialfunctional groups, including sulfate-reducing bacteria,denitrifying bacteria, and methanogens, in groundwater andsoil/iron core samples. A diverse microbial community wasidentified in the strongly reducing Fe0 environment despitea relatively high pH condition within the Fe0 barrier (up topH 10). In comparison with those found in the backgroundsoil/groundwater samples, the enhanced microbial populationranged from 1 to 3 orders of magnitude and appeared to increase from upgradient of the barrier to downgradient soil. Inaddition, microbial community composition appeared to change overtime, and the bacterial types of microorganismsincreased consistently as the barrier aged. DNA analysisindicated the presence of sulfate-reducing and denitrifyingbacteria in the barrier and its surrounding soil. However, theactivity of methanogens was found to be relatively low,presumably as a result of the competition by sulfate/metal-reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria because of the unlimited availability of sulfate and nitrate in the site groundwater. Results of this study provide evidenceof a diverse microbial population within and in the vicinity ofthe iron barrier, although the important roles of microbial activity, either beneficially or detrimentally, on the longevityand enduring efficiency of the Fe0 barriers are yet to be evaluated. 相似文献
20.
Soil Lead and Other Metal Levels in Industrial, Residential and Nature Reserve Areas in Singapore 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
C. Y. Zhou M. K. Wong L. L. Koh Y. C. Wee 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1997,44(1-3):605-615
The use of pressure feedback microwave digestion technique has permitted rapid and efficient digestion of soil and sediment samples. The evaluation of different acid mixtures to digest soil samples were studied by mixed-level orthogonal array design. The selected acid mixture of HCl-HNO3-HF was employed in the survey of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Mn in soil samples. Surface soil samples were collected from industrial, residential and nature reserve areas in Singapore. The five metal concentrations were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The lead and other metal contents in NBS SRM 1645, NIES CRM No. 2 and NRCC BCSS-1 sediment standard references were determined concurrently with the survey samples. Five measured metal loading on the surface soils was in the order: industrial area > residential area > nature reserve area. The trace metal concentrations in surface soil from areas of heavy traffic are higher than those from residential areas. The main sources of trace metal pollution are vehicular exhaust and industrial activities. 相似文献