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981.
982.
983.
河道滞留塘系统是以颗粒物沉降为污染物主要净化机理的污染河流净化技术.通过1年的现场试验研究,考察了悬浮颗粒物SS在滞留塘中的沉降和沉积特性.在本试验条件下,随水力停留时间(HRT)延长(HRT为1.5~7 h),SS平均去除率逐渐增加,介于20%~40%之间,而SS去除速率则快速降低,SS去除速率与进水SS浓度成正比关系;不同季节河水中SS的沉降性能有较大差异,冬季河水中有机物含量较低的易沉降颗粒物比例较春秋季河水的为高,滞留塘HRT的选择应以去除易沉降颗粒物为标准,本研究条件下5 h以内是适宜的HRT选择范围.在滞留塘动态运行中,SS的沿程沉积量呈指数规律下降. 相似文献
984.
介绍了前处理-水解-生物接触氧化工艺处理染料废水的工程实例.当进水COD≤8000 mg/L时,出水可达到国家〈污水综合排放标准〉(GB8978-1996)二级标准. 相似文献
985.
强化一级处理与SBR工艺处理油脂精炼加工废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了规模为200 m^3/d的油脂精炼加工废水处理工程的设计与运行.先经强化一级处理工艺预处理,再经SBR工艺处理,出水的有关指标能达到设计的排放标准,工艺运行稳定. 相似文献
986.
基于不同基质的强化生物除磷系统中生化反应机理研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述了3种不同基质(乙酸盐、丙酸盐和葡萄糖)在强化生物除磷系统中的生化模型反应机理.重点介绍了聚磷菌(PAOs)、聚糖菌(GAOs)和产乳酸菌在厌氧/好氧条件下对能量及还原力(NADH2)的利用方式;聚-β-羟基链烷酸盐(PHA)的合成方式及存在形式,糖原、乳酸(L型)的代谢途径等.虽然控制基质条件可以实现稳定的强化生物除磷效果,但目前的生化模型并不能完全解释所有的代谢过程,今后要在分离纯种的PAOs及相关生化代谢过程中酶的活动等方面进行深入研究. 相似文献
987.
988.
Chapter three: methodology of exposure modeling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Moschandreas DJ Watson J D'Abreton P Scire J Zhu T Klein W Saksena S 《Chemosphere》2002,49(9):923-946
In this chapter, the concept of exposure assessment and its evolution is introduced, and evaluated by critically appraising the pertinent literature as it applies to exposures to Particulate Matter (PM). Exposure measurement or estimation methodologies and models are reviewed. Three exposure/measurement methodologies are assessed. Estimation methods focus on source evaluation and attribution, sources include those outdoors and indoors as well as in occupational and in-transit environments. Fate and transport models and their inputs are addressed to estimate concentrations outdoors and indoors; source attribution techniques help focus on the contributing sources. Activity pattern techniques are also reviewed and their use in exposure models to estimate inhalation exposure to PM is presented. Deterministic, regression and other stochastic models of exposure to PM are reviewed and evaluated. Strengths, limitations, assumptions and affirmations of the use of exposure assessment as an integral component of risk assessment and risk management are discussed in the conclusions and discussions section of this work. 相似文献
989.
Attempt to adsorb N-nitrosamines in solution by use of zeolites 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The strong adsorption of zeolite for N-nitrosamines in solution was first revealed by use of adsorption, and temperature programmed surface reaction (TPSR) techniques. N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) as well as N-nitrosohexamethyleneimine (NHMI) can be adsorbed on zeolite Y, ZSM-5 and A in the solution of methylene chloride or water, which will be helpful for removal of the N-nitrosamines pollution in environmental protection. The equilibrium data were fitted to Freundlich-type isotherms, but the adsorption capacity of zeolites mainly depended on their pore size, surface area and acid-basic properties. Molecular size of adsorbate and solute-solvent interaction also strongly affected the adsorption of N-nitrosamines on zeolite in solution. The extraordinary adsorption properties of NaA zeolite for N-nitrosamines in aqueous solution is first reported and discussed. 相似文献
990.
The nitrous oxide emissions were measured at three tundra sites and one snowpack on the Fildes Peninsula in the maritime Antarctic in the summertime of 2002. The average fluxes at two normal tundra sites were 1.1 ± 2.2 and 0.6 ± 1.7 μg N2O m−2 h−1, respectively. The average flux from tundra soil site with penguin dropping addition was 3.7 ± 2.0 μg N2O m−2 h−1, 3–6 times those from the normal tundra soils, suggesting that the deposition of fresh droppings enhanced N2O emissions during penguin breeding period. The summer precipitation had an important effect on N2O emissions; the flux decreased when heavy precipitation occurred. The diurnal cycle of the N2O fluxes from Antarctic tundra soils was not obtained due to local fluky weather conditions. The N2O fluxes through four snowpack sites were obtained by the vertical N2O concentration gradient and their average fluxes were 0.94, 1.36, 0.81 and 0.85 μg N2O m−2 h−1, respectively. The tundra soils under snowpack emitted N2O in the maritime Antarctic and increased local atmospheric N2O concentrations; therefore these fluxes could constitute an important part of the annual N2O budget for Antarctic tundra ecosystem. 相似文献