成型膨润土和钛柱撑膨润土对水中Pb2+和氯乙酸吸附及再生

针对水中微量铅离子和氯乙酸的脱除，考察了成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土的吸附性能，得出对铅离子的吸附，成型膨润土、成型钛柱撑膨润土与粉末状活性炭性能相当，而对氯乙酸的吸附前两者要比粉末状活性炭低好多。确定了成型膨润土吸附氯乙酸后可用沸水煮沸30 min的方法再生，成型钛柱撑膨润土吸附氯乙酸后，可用500℃焙烧3 h的方法再生，再生的膨润土循环使用3次后性能降低明显。此外，还测得了成型的膨润土及成型的钛柱撑膨润土吸附铅离子和氯乙酸的等温线，计算出其对铅的最大吸附量分别为24.33 mg/g和15.47 mg/g。     

Performance evaluation of microbial fuel cell for landfill leachate treatment: Research updates and synergistic effects of hybrid systems

Over half of century, sanitary landfill was and is still the most economical treatment strategy for solid waste disposal, but the environmental risks associated with the leachate have brought attention of scientists for its proper treatment to avoid surface and ground water deterioration. Most of the treatment technologies are energy-negative and cost intensive processes, which are unable to meet current environmental regulations. There are continuous demands of alternatives concomitant with positive energy and high effluent quality. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were launched in the last two decades as a potential treatment technology with bioelectricity generation accompanied with simultaneous carbon and nutrient removal. This study reviews capability and mechanisms of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous removal from landfill leachate through MFC technology, as well as summarizes and discusses the recent advances of standalone and hybrid MFCs performances in landfill leachate (LFL) treatment. Recent improvements and synergetic effect of hybrid MFC technology upon the increasing of power densities, organic and nutrient removal, and future challenges were discussed in details.     

Temporal variations and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds at an urban site in Shijiazhuang, China

Shijiazhuang, the city with the worst air quality in China, is suffering from severe ozone pollution in summer. As the key precursors of ozone generation, it is necessary to control the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) pollution. To have a better understanding of the pollution status and source contribution, the concentrations of 117 ambient VOCs were analyzed from April to August 2018 in an urban site in Shijiazhuang. Results showed that the monthly average concentration of total VOCs was 66.27 ppbv, in which, the oxygenated VOCs (37.89%), alkanes (33.89%), and halogenated hydrocarbons (13.31%) were the main composite on. Eight major sources were identified using Positive Matrix Factorization modeling with an accurate VOCs emission inventory as inter-complementary methods revealed that the petrochemical industry (26.24%), other industrial sources (15.19%), and traffic source (12.24%) were the major sources for ambient VOCs in Shijiazhuang. The spatial distributions of major industrial activities emissions were identified by using geographic information statistics system, which illustrated the VOCs was mainly from the north and southeast of Shijiazhuang. The inverse trajectory analysis using Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) and Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) clearly demonstrated the features of pollutant transport to Shijiazhuang. These findings can provide references for local governments regarding control strategies to reduce VOCs emissions.     

我国会展业发展的若干思考

本文从会展业的概念,会展业的效用分析和国际国内会展业发展的状况入手,对我国会展发展对策作初步研究.     

农田生态系统中作物—昆虫—杂草的消长与农业环境

通过水旱作物轮换种植，探索与利用作物—昆虫（害虫和益虫）—杂草三大群落的消长与变迁规律，去发展生产，保持农田生态平衡，优化农业生态环境，最大限度地提高作物产量。     

离子色谱新进展

本文介绍了离子色谱近年来的最新进展,包括新型分离柱、无机阴、阳离子、有机酸、碳水化合物等的分析方法。以及目前国际上离子色谱技术的发展趋势。     

膜生物反应器在废水处理中的研究及应用

膜生物反应器(MBR)是近年来发展起来的一种新型的水处理技术,现就膜生物反应器类型、特点、对污染物的去除效果进行阐述,并系统介绍了近年来国内外利用膜生物反应器处理废水的研究成果以及膜生物系统在实际废水处理中的应用.简要阐述了膜污染的成因和膜清洗的方法以及建议,展望了未来膜生物技术在中国广阔的发展前景.     

水相中CCl4和CHCl3的紫外光解机理

利用瞬态吸收光谱技术研究水体污染物CCl4 和CHCl3 在紫外光照条件下的转化和归宿 ,表明在 2 4 8nm激光作用下 ,CCl4 解离为CCl3 和Cl自由基 ;CHCl3 在此条件下不解离 ,但加入少量的苯后即发生明显解离 ,产生CHCl2 和Cl自由基 .在有氧条件下 ,光解产生的CCl3 和CHCl2 自由基均与O2 反应分别生成CCl3O2 和CHCl2 O2 ;在无氧条件下 ,CCl3 和CHCl2 则发生偶合反应分别生成C2 Cl6和C2 H2 Cl4 .本研究还得出了一些微观速率常数 .     

西藏甲马铜多金属矿床的岩浆热液交代成因:地质与地球化学证据

西藏甲马铜多金属矿床的成因前人已提出了很多种观点。根据野外地质特征的观察 ,并结合矿区和区域岩矿石的微量元素、常量元素和稀土元素的分析与对比 ,作者认为该矿床的成因属于岩浆热液交代矽卡岩型矿床 ,推测其成矿时代为喜山早期。     

沈阳市能源需求预测及潜力分析

本文采用逐步回归分析法预测能源需求，结果表明能源消费量与国民生产总值显著相关，预测到２０００年，沈阳市短缺能源达２００万吨标煤．为此，文中进一步提出了提高能源开发、利用潜力的途径和措施及其环境效益．