Study on low-temperature plasma γ-Al2O3 catalytic viscosity reduction of polyacrylamide solution

The wide use of polyacrylamide (PAM) in enhanced oil recovery generates a large amount of polymer-bearing wastewater featuring high viscosity and difficult viscosity reduction, making the treatment of wastewater increasingly difficult. In this paper, the experimental study on reducing the viscosity of wastewater containing polyacrylamide by using the plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and the synergistic effect of catalyst γ-Al₂O₃ is carried out. The law of plasma reducing the viscosity of wastewater containing polyacrylamide is studied under the different conditions of amounts of γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst, discharge voltages, and initial concentrations of polyacrylamide-containing wastewater. The mechanism of viscosity reduction of polyacrylamide is studied through environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the catalytic viscosity reduction is the best when the discharge voltage is 18 kV and the discharge time is 15 min. With the increase in the input of the γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst, the viscosity of the PAM solution decreases gradually. When the amount of γ-Al₂O₃ is 375 mg, the shear rate changes from 0.5 1/sec to 28 1/sec, and the viscosity of the solution containing polyacrylamide changes from 434.5 mPa·s to 40.2 mPa·s. The viscosity reduction rate of the PAM solution is 90.7%. After the catalytic viscosity reduction, the functional groups of polyacrylamide do not change much. The elemental composition of the catalyst has not changed, which is still Al, C, and O.

     

The combined effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and cypermethrin on male reproductive toxicity in rats

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Titanium nanoparticles and pyrethroid pesticides are now being widely used in industrial, agriculture, and biomedical applications. In recent years,...     

我国汽车排气污染现状与发展

从汽车保有量,油口消耗、污染物排放和城市大气环境质量等方面分析了我国汽车污染现状及２０００年和２０１０年２个时段的发展趋势,从节能,净化和管理的角度初步分析了削减汽车污染物排放的综合对策。     

三元缔合物抑制分光光度法测定痕量氟

利用氟离子对锆－水杨基荧光酮－溴化十六烷基三甲基铵三元缔合物形成的竞争抑制作用,建立了测定痕量氟的抑制分光光度法,确定了测定的最佳条件为：「ＳＡＦ」＝６．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１「ＣＴＭＡＢ」＝８．０×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１,「Ｚｒ（ＩＶ）」＝１．０μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１,「ＨＣｌ」＝０．０８ｍｏＬ．Ｌ＾－１,２５℃。     

线源扩散的快速模拟

提出了一种计算风向与线源成任意角时任意长地面线源大气扩散的简化模式。通过与数值积分方法计算结果的比较表明,模式的最大相对误差在风向与线源平行时最大,但不超过18％。随风向与线源夹角的增大,相对误差迅速减小,当夹角大于5°时,已小于2％。为城镇公路网大气扩散的快速、准确模拟提供了新手段。     

地理信息系统在环境领域中的应用

简要介绍了地理信息系统在环境领域中的应用,它将成为社会可持续发展的有效辅助决策的支持工具。     

Characterization of modified Alternanthera philoxeroides by diethylenetriamine and its application in the adsorption of copper(II) ions in aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - By a simple and convenient method of using epichlorohydrin as linkages, a novel Alternanthera philoxeroides (AP) derivative modified with...     

VOCs催化燃烧的非贵金属催化剂研究进展

挥发性有机化合物（ VOCs） 是大气污染的主要来源之一,催化燃烧是有效的VOCs处理技术,而非贵金属催化剂是催化燃烧技术研究的热点。综述了多种结构形式的非贵金属催化剂的种类、活性组分及其催化性能的研究进展,探讨了水含量、杂质气体等因素对催化剂活性的影响。指出：将催化剂的制备和机理研究与实际应用中的工艺计算和设计相结合,开发用于VOCs催化燃烧的高活性、高稳定性、价格低廉的催化材料和工艺是今后的研究方向。     

天然气净化厂放空废气对环境的影响及控制措施

天然气净化厂除正常生产有工艺废气排放外,传统装置检修开停产过程、供电或设备异常情况下,会有大量酸气、原料气通过放空火炬燃烧后排放。文章主要分析了天然气净化装置放空废气排放情况及其对周边环境的影响,阐述了异常放空、检修开停产过程原料气和酸气放空的控制措施及其环境效益。     

国际经验对我国生态保护红线管理的启示

中国在2011年正式提出生态保护红线战略,其主要目的是识别出最重要的生态系统,并实施严格保护。作为促进生态文明建设重要内容之一的生态保护红线的管理工作就显得尤其重要。美国和日本对生态保护地的管理形成了完善的法律法规体系,适合自身的机构管理体制,可持续的科学分区管理。欧盟则形成了纵横结合的生态网络管理体制。通过学习与借鉴美国、日本和欧盟对生态保护地的管理特点和经验,针对我国现行的生态保护红线管理存在的法规制度不完善以及管理部门不协同等问题,提出出台红线管理办法、对接空间规划强化管理工作、制定可持续性分区管理体制、构建以环境准入清单为抓手的纵横结合的管理监督体系等建议。