Transvaginal chorionic villus sampling

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) with either transcervical catheters or transabdominal needles is a widely-accepted method for prenatal diagnosis. However, there exists a small subset of patients in whom sampling is difficult or impossible with either route because of individual anatomic variations. A new method of chorionic villus biopsy has been developed to circumvent these problems, utilizing transvaginal chorionic needle aspiration guided by an intravaginal ultrasound probe. This technique was performed successfully in 15 patients in whom villi could not be obtained by either of the conventional methods. This method now makes CVS possible in essentially all women regardless of their uterine anatomy or placental placement; it may also prove useful for very early chorionic sampling.     

绿矾处理垃圾焚烧灰渣过程中重金属的同时稳定化研究

采用绿矾稳定垃圾焚烧灰渣(包括飞灰及底排渣)中的重金属,将绿矾溶液与灰渣混合然后实施氧化过程.以Pb,Hg,Cd,As和Cr为代表,研究各类重金属同时稳定化的反应条件,着重研究了铬的稳定条件.研究结果表明重金属Pb在各种条件下的稳定效果良好;As和Cd的稳定化效果随绿矾用量的增加而增强,其中Cd还受过程pH值的影响.厌氧阶段的设置、CO2的辅助处理、提高绿矾的用量都有助于Cr的稳定化;同时使用CO2辅助处理也有助于As的稳定化,但CO2只适用于强碱性、高酸中和能力的灰渣.反应温度在常温至90℃变化只影响氧化速度.研究还表明飞灰与底排渣可作为一股废物流同时处理.对Hg,应从研究其物质形态出发来研究它的稳定.     

Über optisch aktive Tetramine des zweiwertigen Platins und Palladiums

The Science of Nature -     

Unemployment effects of climate policy

This paper models the unemployment effects of restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions, embodying two of the most significant types of short-term economic imperfections that generate unemployment: sectoral rigidities in labor mobility and sectoral rigidities in wage adjustments. A labor policy is also analyzed that would reduce the direct negative economic effects of the emissions restrictions.The politics of limiting greenhouse gas emissions are often dominated by relatively short-term considerations. Yet the current economic modeling of emissions limitations does not embody economic features that are likely to be particularly important in the short term, in particular, the politically sensitive unemployment rate. Moreover, only a few of these studies also consider policies that would offset the negative direct economic effects of emissions restrictions. For plausible estimates of the parameters, the model shows that, with the labor market imperfections, if there were no offsetting policies, the reductions in GNP in the U.S. in the first 10 years after emissions restrictions were imposed would be as much as 4%. However, if there were two policies, instead of just one: a counteracting labor market policy, as well as the emissions restrictions, the negative direct economic effects could be completely eliminated.