危险评价中的数据环境

本文通过分析危险评价的数据来源、数据的准确程度和危险评价模型，论述了数据环境与危险评价的关系，指出了数据的不确切必然会影响到危险评价质量，但应用数据进行危险评价是完全必要的。关键是如何提高数据的精确程度和模型的真实程度，使评价结果更趋准确、可靠。     

城市河流,湖库中痕量有机污染物的测试方法

采用ＧＤＸ－５０２大孔树脂和ＧＣ－ＭＳ等仪器对城市河流，湖库中的痕量有机污染物进行测试分析，共检出５８种有机污染物，其中含有多种美国ＥＰＡ公布的重点污染物。因而为痕量有机污染物的研究建立了灵敏度高，分辨率好的测试方法。     

一个垃圾焚烧炉模糊控制系统

一、前言作为圾垃处理的手段之一,垃圾焚烧已在发达国家广泛使用.垃圾焚烧控制系统的目的是保持垃圾的稳定燃烧,即通过调节堆料机的运料速度与空气阀门的开度,使焚烧炉的蒸发量、炉温、氧含量以及NO_x等变量保持在一定的范围内.目前人们大都使用传统的ACC控制技术,直至近年才开始采用模糊控制技术.本文介绍笔者在日本期间所研     

用超临界水技术处理固体废弃物的发展现状

超临界水（SCW）是良好的化学反应介质。文章综述了超临界水技术在固体废弃物处理方面的发展和应用，并讨论了超临界水氧化技术存在的问题。     

United membrane biological reactor in the treatment of wastewater

The united membrane biological reactor(UMBR) was studied for the treatment of some simulate and municipal wastewater. The removal efficiency for COD and turbidity are greater than 80% and 99% respectively. Effluent COD is less than 100 mg/L while turbidity less than 5. The removal of LAS in bath wastewater is greater than 70%. In treatment of dinning-hall wastewater, removal of fatty oil is greater than 90%, and its concentration in effluent is less than 5 mg/L. The match of biological reactor and the membrane separation component were calculated. The stable performance of wastewater treatment can be maintained by the optimization of operation conditions and the eleanout of membranes.     

Potentials for Combating Desertification in Hunshandak Sandland Through Nature Reserve

Desertification directly threatens more than 250 million people and one third of the earths land surface. Although it is well known that desertification could be reversed in most cases if the intensity of land use were reduced, there have been no studies on how to achieve this reversed desertification on a large scale. We conducted a case study in Hunshandak Sandland of North China, exploring how creation of a nature reserve might aid restoration of a degraded ecosystem. Experimental data indicated that desertified regions, if designated as a nature reserve, could be restored with conservation of biodiversity. The buffer zones in moderately desertified lands could serve as a base for forage production and/or ecotourism industry. The construction of ecologically designed towns (ecotowns) in transition zones could accommodate migrants moved from core zones so as to develop stock production, related industry, and ecotourism, enabling both economic and environmental development. Up to now, 5778 local inhabitants in the core zones of Zhenglan Banner (county) in the Hunshandak Sandland have been moved out of the severely degraded areas with the financial assistance of the central government. Those people have been moved into three eco-towns of the Banner with an objective of greatly enhancing the economic and social status while restoring the degraded sandlands.     

B级钢侧架圆角细节耐久性力学模型研究

根据Paris公式推导出适用于B级钢圆角细节耐久性分析的 ,在一定裂纹尺寸范围内的裂纹扩展速率公式及其检验方法 ,笔者模拟货车B级钢转 8A侧架的导框弯角内侧 (A区 )的圆角细部进行耐久性实验 ;以试验数据的检验证明 ,在 0 .4～ 4mm的尺寸范围内 ,选用的断裂力学模型是合理的 ;同时为建立合理的检修周期和寿命体系提供理论模型和安全评价基础。     

铁路安全管理综合评价的一种新方法

针对铁路安全管理的现状 ,从实际应用角度出发 ,笔者提出了一种新的综合评价方法———动态集成综合分析评价法。该方法能把铁路安全管理定性与定量信息、历史事故信息与管理现状信息、安全管理措施与专家咨询意见有机地结合起来 ,构成一种动态目标评价体系 ,从而对铁路安全管理的多个方面进行综合评判 ,因此 ,能客观地反映了铁路安全管理的现状。     

城市防空和灾情报警防御系统研究

近年来 ,城市防空和灾情报警防御系统作为一种重要的城市防御灾情措施 ,特别是应对各种恐怖破坏活动和地域灾害的突然发生 ,以及未来战争的防御需求等灾情 ,已受到人们高度重视。笔者针对我国城市防空和灾情报警防御系统的实际现状 ,提出了我国城市防空和灾情报警防御系统的建设初步思想 ,并从系统的组织结构、功能原理、救援组织等几方面进行了描述 ,对提高城市的防御能力、避免灾难的发生 ,具有重要的指导作用     

序批式生物膜法处理油田采油废水

采用序批式生物膜(SBBR)法处理油田采油废水。研究并开发了特殊活性污泥的培养和驯化方法。在被处理的污水中加入微生物促生剂FYS-5,可迅速培养出处理采油废水的微生物,用此种方法培养出的活性污泥的活性高,去除有毒有害物质的能力强,能够提高处理效率,保持良好的微生物生长状况。在SBBR装置进水COD容积负荷为0.5kg/(m3·d)及进水COD为500mg/L左右的条件下,经过近两个月的连续运转,COD平均去除率超过80%,出水中COD低于100mg/L,符合GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》的要求,经过处理的污水可以直接排放。