北京市丰台区土地利用变化及社会经济驱动力分析

近十年来．北京城市化水平大幅度提升．建设用地不断向外扩展。城市边缘区土地利用变化异常明显。丰台区作为北京城市边缘区的重要组成部分。土地利用变化特征具有典型性，在分析丰台区12年间土地利用的类型变化、数量变化、程度变化和区域变化特征基础上。对形成这种土地利用变化的驱动力从社会经济方面进行了剖析，并在统计软件SPSS的支持下对土地利用变化驱动力指数进行了计算。结果表明．研究时段内土地利用变化幅度大。土地利用程度增加；耕地、园地和未利用地净减．而建设用地和林地净增．土地利用变化的社会驱动力主要是人口增长、经济发展和城市化水平提高．并且这些因素的驱动力指数是逐年增加的。政策的干预作用也不容忽视。     

构建新农村防震减灾规划体系的初步探讨

本文从地震灾害的破坏概况入手,结合当前新农村防震减灾规划存在的问题,揭示了新农村防震减灾规划体系要点,以供读者把握我国新农村规划建设的整体印象,在新农村规划中具有一定的理论价值和实际指导意义。     

Occurrence and removal of six pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a wastewater treatment plant employing anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic and UV processes in Shanghai,China

The occurrence and removal of six pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) including caffeine (CF), N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), carbamazepine, metoprolol, trimethoprim (TMP), and sulpiride in a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Shanghai, China were studied in January 2013; besides, grab samples of the influent were also taken every 6 h, to investigate the daily fluctuation of the wastewater influent. The results showed the concentrations of the investigated PPCPs ranged from 17 to 11,400 ng/L in the WWTP. A low variability of the PPCP concentrations in the wastewater influent throughout the day was observed, with the relative standard deviations less than 25 % for most samples. However, for TMP and CF, the slight daily fluctuation still reflected their consumption patterns. All the target compounds except CF and DEET, exhibited poor removal efficiencies (<40 %) by biological treatment process, probably due to the low temperature in the bioreactor, which was unfavorable for activated sludge. While for the two biodegradable PPCPs, CF, and DEET, the anaerobic and oxic tank made contributions to their removal while the anoxic tank had a negative effect to their elimination. The tertiary UV treatment removed the investigated PPCPs by 5–38 %, representing a crucial polishing step to compensate for the poor removal by the biologic treatment process in winter.     

金属冶炼工艺重大危险因素分析及预防措施

从冶金企业金属冶炼生产的特点着手,通过统计近年来金属冶炼过程中发生的较大及以上的典型事故案例,分析金属冶炼过程中的重大危险因素及可能导致的事故后果,提出了相应的预防措施。     

困境与期待：基于生态文明的消费模式转型研究述评与思考

党和政府在“十七大报告”首次将生态文明确定为我国全面建设小康社会的重要战略目标之一。深刻影响并约束人们的生活方式和消费行为，使之更加符合人与自然和谐的长远战略要求，是生态文明建设打破生态环境保护与社会经济发展隔阂的重要突破口。然而，在我国生态文明建设历程中长期以来都存在着“重生产，重技术，轻消费”的问题，因此，如何在转变消费模式上尽快取得突破，是将生态文明建设真正落到实处必须破解的难题。本文在系统回顾、评述国内外十五年来对可持续消费概念的争论、可持续消费驱动因素以及可持续消费战略推进面临的困境与原因的基础上，根据目前生态文明建设的现实需要，对我国消费模式生态化转型面临的主要问题进行了深入的思考和分析，并在此基础上提出了我国消费模式生态化转型亟待突破的五个研究方向。     

超声辅助CaO脱除赤泥中钠钾的反应特性及其机理

以拜耳法赤泥为研究对象,通过试验研究了超声辅助CaO脱除赤泥中Na、K的反应特征及其机理.结果表明:超声辅助CaO脱除赤泥中Na、K的效率优于单纯使用CaO;超声条件下增加CaO投加量、升高温度以及增加浸出时间均有助于提高赤泥中Na、K的脱除率;当CaO投加量为20％、温度为80℃、超声辅助浸出时间为180min时,赤泥中Na、K的脱除率分别达到81.78％、86.37％,赤泥中Na2O/SiO2 (N/S)由0.354减小到0.064;超声辅助CaO脱除赤泥中Na、K的动力学机制为赤泥中矿物质(钠钾钙霞石、钙霞石、硫酸钙霞石等)与CaO进行钙化反应,浸出Na、K,同时形成更加稳定的矿物质(钙霞石、加藤石等),Na、K的浸出动力学过程受内扩散控制.     

Transaction of Marine Fishing Right： Theoretical Analysis

The difference between fishermen＇s fishing catch and the optimal fishing catch is the basic reason for the transaction of marine fishing rights （TMFR）. The effects of productive cost, non-productive cost, use-cost, transaction cost, productive revenue and non-productive revenue on the TMFR and the optimal fishing catch are analyzed. This paper draws following conclu- sions： the non-productive revenue has a positive effect on the TMFR, and other factors, such as non-productive cost, usecost and transaction cost, have a negative effect; the TMFR will promote the resource allocation; the high transaction cost may affect the implementation of TMFR.     

农业现代化、信息化与农业面源污染研究

利用2003年-2013年中国30个省份的面板数据,检验了农业现代化、信息化与农业面源污染之间的关系.研究发现,农业现代化对农业面源污染有着一定的加重作用;信息化能够有效缓解因农业现代化所导致的农业面源污染,这一现象在粮食主产省同样存在,说明信息化能够发挥减污增绿的作用;农业环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)也得到验证.因此,应进一步推进信息化发展,有效利用信息化对农业现代化所致农业面源污染的缓解作用,还应多措并举促进农民增收,加快农民收入越过EKC曲线拐点.     

四川红豆杉属植物及其保护与利用

本文报道了四川红豆杉属植物的形态特征、种类、分布、有效成分及其综合利用，并就合理的开发与保护进行了初步研讨。     

222RN IN THE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF TUCSON,ARIZONA1

ABSTRACT: A study of ²²²Rn concentrations in the water distribution system of Tucson, Arizona, revealed levels of 60 to 1260 pCi/L in domestic waters. These measurements are comparable to levels of between 80 and 1400 pCi/l for ²²²Rn found in ground water samples in the North-Central Tucson basin (Kahn et al., 1994). Estimated loss of ²²²Rn due to radioactive decay during travel from the well head to the home ranges from 8 to 50 percent.