Enhanced phytoextraction of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd with EDTA and EDDS

Chemically enhanced phytoextraction has been proposed as an effective approach to removing heavy metals from contaminated soil through the use of high biomass plants. Using pot experiments, the effects of the application of EDTA, EDDS and citric acid on the uptake of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd by corn (Zea mays L. cv. Nongda 108) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. white bean) plants were studied. The results showed that EDDS was more effective than EDTA at increasing the concentration of Cu in corn and beans. The application of 5 mmol kg-1 soil EDDS to soil significantly increased concentrations of Cu in shoots, with maximum levels of 2060 and 5130 mg kg-1 DW in corn and beans, respectively, which were 45- and 135-fold higher than that in the corresponding control plants to which chelate had not been applied. Concentrations of Zn in shoots were also higher in the plants treated with EDDS than in those treated with EDTA. For Pb and Cd, EDDS was less effective than EDTA. The maximum Cu phytoextraction was found with the EDDS treatment. The application of EDTA and EDDS also significantly increased the shoot-to-root ratios of the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in both plant species. The results of metal extraction with chelates showed that EDDS was more efficient at solubilizing Cu and Zn than EDTA, and that EDTA was better at solubilizing Pb and Cd than EDDS.     

Response to organic enrichment of infaunal macrobenthic communities under salmonid seacages

The response of infaunal macrobenthic communities beneath salmonid seacages to solid organic wastes (food pellets and fish excreta) was tested by means of the ABC-method (abundance, biomass comparison method: Warwick 1986) on samples collected from the SAFCOL seafarm at Badger Cove, southeast Tasmania, from February to July 1988. The intermittent nature of the addition of organic waste allowed us to monitor decline and recovery of the macrofauna, i.e., harvesting of a cage permitted a period of recovery whilst restocking precipitated a decline. The ABC-method proved to be a sensitive indicator of community health. Under a normal feeding regime the macrofaunal community structure indicated a moderately disturbed condition. Only 7 wk after the cage was harvested, species richness had increased markedly and the community adopted an undisturbed condition. Further improvement was apparent 14 wk post-harvest. Similarly, a decline to a moderately disturbed condition was apparent 7 wk after restocking and species richness had declined. No such changes occurred under a cage which contained fish continuously over the same period.     

论环境质量管理在线监控指挥系统建设

在原有的"污染源在线监控系统"的基础上,通过架构更高层次的"环境质量管理在线监控指挥系统",在环境监察行政执法上突破原有的"运动式"执法和宏观表面管理,实现在环境监察行政执法上的"点对点"数字化精确管理与在线指挥,在环境质量管理上突破原有的人工行政审批制,实现"以人为本"的环境质量管理电子政务行政许可制,以及由此带来环境质量管理理念、管理机制和环境监察行政执法工作模式的创新.提高行政效能,服务经济建设.     

武汉东湖湖水的藻类生长潜力(AGP)测试

在东湖湖水样品中添加排入东湖的主要污水或营养物（氮和磷）进行藻类测试,观察它们对斜生橱藻（Scenedesmus obliquus）的生长促进作用.生长反应与添加的污水浓度成正比,其SC₂₀（促进20％增长的浓度）为0.5—4％.单独添加氮或磷,在高浓度情况下也很少促进藻类生长,但共同添加时大多有促进作用.东湖为一严重富营养型湖泊,为了控制其富营养化进程,污水截流应是首先要采取的一项措施.     

原子吸收光谱在石化领域的应用

简述了近十几年来原子吸收光谱在我国石油化学工业领域的应用及进展，全文分原油及其加工产品，化工物品，催化剂添加剂等几类样品阐述。     

汽柴油质量与环境污染

针对我国都市汽车污染加剧的情况，分析了我国目前的汽、柴油质量现状，并与国际燃油规范进行了比较。结合我国炼油结构的特点，汽车排放标准与国际接轨的进程，分析燃油质量清洁化对环境保护的贡献。     

基于GIS的露天煤矿土地复垦信息系统的建立

通过对露天煤矿土地复垦特点和ＧＩＳ强大功能的分析，阐述了露天煤矿矿土地复垦信息系统建立的设计思想，系统结构，功能和实现途径，并在安太堡露天煤矿人工重建的生态系统上进行运行、验证。结果表明：该系统运行良好。     

从全球的视角看中国环保产业--国际环保巨子羊城论道

对于多数人而言，环保产业作为一项朝阳产业是一个普遍共识。但是中国的环保产业也存在一些不容忽视的问题。中国环保产业的发展之所以有一些不成熟的地方，一定程度上与发展历史过短有关。     

热重法研究模化城市生活垃圾燃烧和热解特性

利用热重技术研究了模化城市生活垃圾(model municipal solid waste，MMSW)的热解和燃烧过程的特性。结果表明，在小于300℃的温度范围内，热解和燃烧的失重曲线基本一致，不同升温速率对失重特性有影响。利用分峰拟合处理技术对MMSW热处理过程的DSC曲线进行分析，发现MMSW燃烧和热解的失重特性基本上是所含物质失重特性的叠加。对MMSW热处理过程进行动力学分析，计算结果表明反应级数在1．2～1．8之间，化学反应的平均活化能在30～50kJ／mol之间。     

厌氧处理含氯酚废水的颗粒污泥形成过程研究

在选择适宜的接种污泥前提下，即使有毒物五氯酚 存在，也完全可以使氯酚驯化污泥在模拟上流式厌氧消化反应器的启动、运行过程中颗粒化，形成降解并矿化ＰＣＰ的颗粒污泥，反应器运行性能随污泥颗粒化进程而逐步得到改善；分析了反应器内不同高度的颗粒污泥中不同营养类群细菌的数量垂直变化规律，并通过光学，电子显微镜观察了颗粒污泥的表面结构和主要微生物形态，发现丝状菌和杆菌是该颗粒污泥的优势菌。