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31.
Titanium dioxide films were prepared on glass, indium-tin oxide (ITO) glass and p-type monocrystalline silicon and studied for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B in an aqueous medium. Raman, AFM, and XPS spectroscopic investigations of these films indicated that microstructure of titanium oxide films were greatly affected by the substrate materials. Rutile was confirmed to be easily formed on the surface of ITO glass, and TiO2 tended to grow as closely packed particles that were elongated strips with an average size of 20 nm, and had lovely contrast with the perfectly round particles grown on p-type monocrystalline silicon. Charge transfer between the film and silicon substrate was verified by surface photovoltage spectra. This may be the real reason why the films grown on ITO glass and silicon substrates exhibit higher photocatalytic reactivity than the film on glass substrate. Moreover, the different surface properties also seem to be responsible for the different activity. 相似文献
32.
With the emergence of risk‐based corrective action decisions, there is interest in the use of more natural techniques that may be as protective as the traditional removal, landfill, or capping approaches for impoundment closure. The use of phytoremediation is one of the more promising techniques. This article presents the results of a three‐year field‐pilot phytoremediation study that involved the use of plants to enhance sludge dewatering at an inactive natural gas‐cracking wastewater lagoon. The dewatering was accompanied by contaminant reduction of benzene, toluene, xylene (BTX), and naphthalene concentrations to below the cleanup goals. Meanwhile, the concentration reductions of three or more ring polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) varied between 30 percent and 60 percent, except for dibenz[a,h]anthracene. The residual PAHs in the sludge are not leaching. Parallel laboratory studies suggest a reduced PAH availability and mobility in the unsaturated zone sludge. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
33.
新疆是一个自然灾害较多的地区,地震灾害、地质灾害、气象灾害、洪水灾害都比较频繁。本文在概述、分析上述灾害的基础上,提出了减轻自然灾害的策略。 相似文献
34.
Hangzhou Wang Bingzhen Chen Xiaorong He Qiu Tong Jinsong Zhao 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2009,87(1):40-46
As modern chemical plants are becoming more complex and bigger in scale, the associated chance of things going wrong is also increasing rapidly. Due to the flammable, explosive, toxic and corrosive nature of chemical process, any single accident may trigger a major catastrophe that brings tremendous environmental, social and economical loss. In order to prevent any accident from happening, hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis has been brought in to monitor chemical process and provide early warning for signs of accident. However, most existing HAZOP is carried out manually, and there are always obstacles in terms of cost overrun and incompleteness of the analysis. To address the difficulties in current HAZOP method, this paper proposes a signed digraph (SDG)-based HAZOP analysis method. It is used to identify the most likely operating mistakes that may cause certain process variable deviating from its normal value, which is the main source of safety concern. A case study on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plant is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of SDG-based HAZOP analysis method in providing complete analysis result. 相似文献
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36.
TRMM 3B42卫星降水数据在赣江流域径流模拟中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以赣江流域为研究区,基于观测降水和TRMM准实时数据(3B42RTV6、3B42RTV7)和分析数据(3B42V6、3B42V7),驱动VIC水文模型,开展卫星降水产品在赣江流域的水文模拟,评估TRMM降水产品在水文模拟中的应用能力。结果表明:(1)在赣江流域,3B42V7估算的降水与实测降水的对比结果最好,3B42RTV6的估算精度最低,3B42RTV7较3B42RTV6在赣江流域的降水估算精度提升非常明显;(2)在径流模拟方面,3B42V6和3B42V7在日尺度上尽管对洪峰的模拟有所偏差,但模拟结果仍能反映径流变化特征,在月尺度上模拟结果精度较高,纳什系数均在0.9以上,并且二者在4、5月的径流模拟结果较好,7、8月的模拟结果较差,而3B42RTV6对径流的模拟能力较差,日径流量和月径流量均呈现明显低估,3B42RTV7对径流的模拟结果比3B42RTV6有明显改善,可以满足实时水文预报的需求。 相似文献
37.
Jiachuang Shao Penghui Shao Mingming Peng Min Li Ziwei Yao Xiuqin Xiong Caiting Qiu Yufan Zheng Liming Yang Xubiao Luo 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(3):33
38.
汽车尾气净化非贵金属催化剂SO2中毒机理研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
用TPD,IR,XPS等方法研究了汽车尾气净化的复合氧化物催化剂SO_2中毒机理。结果表明,催化剂SO_2中毒失(?),首先是SO_2在催化剂活性中心上进行化学吸附,然后部分SO_2与活性组分生成相应的亚硫酸盐和硫盐酸,从而使催化剂失活。SO_2的化学吸附及部分生成相应的亚硫酸盐,与生成硫酸盐相比,对催化剂失活的影响,前者更为明显。 相似文献
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40.
在警员执法过程中,来自刀具、钝器等器材的暴力伤害无处不在。防暴装备作为一种重要的警用防护器材是保护警员的重要手段。本文对各类防暴装备的相关标准和研究进展进行了介绍,分析和比较了各类防暴装备的防暴机理及防暴性能,阐述了各类防暴装备的应用范围,最后对防暴装备的应用和研究提出了建议。 相似文献