脉冲电晕反应器结构对乙硫醇消除效果的影响

研究了脉冲电晕等离子体反应器结构的变化对乙硫醇消除效果的影响规律。结果表明,在反应器内设置折流板,可以增加气流的湍动程度,有利于活性粒子与污染物的充分接触,从而提高消除率。高压电极间距对电晕区范围及消毒效果有较大影响,间距较小将导致各电极产生的电场相互干扰明显,消除率减小;而电极间距过大,虽然电极间电场分布相互干扰小,但是反应器内可排布的电极数减少,总电晕区减少,消除率也减小。根据实验结果,电极间距设置为50 mm比较合理。另外,在相同的电场强度和脉冲频率下,毛刺形高压电极比线电极结构能耗低,能量利用率高。     

三氯生在碳纳米管上的吸附

药品和个人护理用品(PPCPs)已成为一个引起广泛关注的新的环境问题。采用碳纳米管（CNTs）对水溶液中的三氯生进行吸附处理,考察了碳纳米管粒径及用量、温度、pH、振荡时间等因素对三氯生去除率的影响。研究结果表明,碳纳米管能快速吸附水中的三氯生,粒径较小的碳纳米管可获得较高的三氯生去除率;低温有利于吸附反应的进行;pH在6.5～7.0时,三氯生的去除率可达97%。三氯生在碳纳米管上的吸附可以很好地用Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程进行描述。     

含中间层的DSA电极电催化氧化硝基苯废水的研究

为了提高难降解有机废水的可生化性,以及更高效地去除废水中的特征污染物,同时避免二次污染,利用自制的含锡锑中间层的钌钯氧化物涂层电极对有机废水中的硝基苯进行处理,并利用SEM、XRD等方法对电极中间层、表层进行微观表征。微观测试表明,基体、中间层、表层之间结合力较强,有利于增强电极寿命;水处理实验表明,电催化氧化反应体系适合高浓度有机废水的处理,由于该反应体系需要外加电解质加强传质,这在实际运用中为废水中盐度的处理提供了一种新的途径,当电流密度为20 mA/cm²、电解质浓度为10 g/L、pH=5、极板间距=2 cm时,电催化氧化体系对硝基苯具有较高的去除效率。     

提高高校档案利用的新途径

针对目前高校档案利用率不高的实际情况,为有效地提高档案利用率,充分发挥高校档案在高校发展建设、科学管理、提升教育教学水平中的作用,笔者通过多年的探索实践,提出了加大宣传力度、搞好基础建设、提高人员素质、拓展服务方式、创新服务内容等高校档案利用的新途径,与从事高校档案工作的广大同仁商榷。     

Composting clam processing wastes in a laboratory- and pilot-scale in-vessel system

Waste materials from the clam processing industry (offal, shells) have several special characteristics such as a high salinity level, a high nitrogen content, and a low C/N ratio. The traditional disposal of clam waste through landfilling is facing the challenges of limited land available, increasing tipping fees, and strict environmental and regulatory scrutiny. The aim of this work is to investigate the performance of in-vessel composting as an alternative for landfill application of these materials. Experiments were performed in both laboratory-scale (5L) and pilot-scale (120L) reactors, with woodchips as the bulking agent. In the laboratory-scale composting test, the clam waste and woodchips were mixed in ratios from 1:0.5 to 1:3 (w/w, wet weight). The high ratios resulted in a better temperature performance, a higher electrical conductivity, and a higher ash content than the low-ratio composting. The C/N ratio of the composts was in the range of 9:1-18:1. In the pilot-scale composting test, a 1:1 ratio of clam waste to woodchips was used. The temperature profile during the composting process met the US Environmental Protection Agency sanitary requirement. The final cured compost had a C/N ratio of 14.6, with an ash content of 167.0+/-14.1g/kg dry matter. In addition to the major nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and sodium), the compost also contained trace amounts of zinc, manganese, copper, and boron, indicating that the material can be used as a good resource for plant nutrients.     

TiO2催化高压脉冲放电等离子体降解2，4-二硝基苯酚

采用TiO2催化高压脉冲放电等离子体降解废水中的2,4-二硝基苯酚,对反应进行了动力学研究.研究结果表明,在高压脉冲放电等离子体及TiO2催化高压脉冲放电等离子体反应中,2,4-二硝基苯酚的降解过程均符合表观一级反应动力学方程.加入TiO2催化剂、提高放电电压均可提高2,4-二硝基苯酚的降解反应速率常数.在TiO2加入量为0.15%、放电电压为16 kV时,2,4-二硝基苯酚的降解率为87.4%,TiO2的催化效应增强因子为1.55.     

The Shape Memory Properties of Biodegradable Chitosan/Poly(l-lactide) Composites

The shape memory behavior of PLLA (poly(l-lactide)) and chitosan/PLLA composites was studied. PLLA and chitosan were compounded to fabricate novel materials which may have biodegradability and biocompatibility. Chitosan does not significantly affect the glass and melting transition temperature of the PLLA. Both the pure PLLA and chitosan/PLLA composites showed shape memory effect arising from the viscoelastic properties of PLLA comprised of semi crystalline structures. The shape recovery ratio of the chitosan/PLLA composites decreased significantly with increasing chitosan contents due to the incompatibility between PLLA and chitosan. Phase separation structures of the composites were observed by using atomic force microscopy. To obtain good shape memory effect, the chitosan content should be below 15 wt%.     

有毒气体危害区域划分之临界浓度标准研究

通过研究毒物伤害准则进而界定有毒气体危害浓度,对有毒气体泄漏扩散后的危害区域进行分级划分,以采取相应的防护措施,最大限度的即时有效的减轻有毒气体对人员的伤害.最后,以氯为例,对比其在不同伤害准则下危害区域划分临界浓度标准值,数值差别较大,因此在使用时应根据实际情况加以判断,选择最适当的标准来划分危害区域.     

强化混凝去除微污染原水胶体颗粒的研究

对珠江水系统进行了强化混凝处理,燕利用准弹性激光散射技术（PCS）对常规混凝和强化混凝前后水中胶体颗粒（小于0.45um)的大小与分布进行了测定,探讨了搅拌条件对混凝效果的影响。