Fuzzy programming method for multi-objective optimal allocation of sediment resources and the cooperative bargaining: a case study in Weishan irrigation area,China

The optimal allocation of sediment resources needs to balance three objectives including ecological, economic, and social benefits so as to realize sustainable development of sediment resources. This study aims to apply fuzzy programming and bargaining approaches to solve the problem of optimal allocation of sediment resources. Firstly, Pareto-optimal solutions of multi-objective optimization were introduced, and the multi-objective optimal allocation model of sediment resources and fuzzy programming model was constructed. Then, from the perspective of multiplayer cooperation, the optimal allocation model of sediment resources was transformed into a game model by using Nash bargaining, and Nash bargaining solution was obtained as the optimal equilibrium strategy. Finally, the influence of different disagreement utility points and bargaining weights on the results was discussed, and the results of Nash bargaining and fuzzy programming methods were compared and analyzed. Results corroborate that Nash bargaining can achieve the cooperative optimization of multiple objectives with competitive relationship and obtain satisfactory scheme. Disagreement utility points and bargaining weights have a certain impact on the optimization results. The solution of fuzzy programming is close to that of Nash bargaining, which provides different ideas for multi-objective optimization problem.

     

Heterogeneous Fenton degradation of ofloxacin catalyzed by magnetic nanostructured MnFe2O4 with different morphologies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Magnetic nanostructured MnFe2O4 with different morphologies, synthesized via chemical co-precipitation and hydrothermal method, was assayed as...     

干湿循环对三峡支流消落带沉积物中可转化态氮及其形态分布的影响

水体富营养化的形成与沉积物中氮素的"源-汇"关系密切,本研究选取三峡典型支流澎溪河消落带上、中、下这3个水文断面,160 m和170 m两个水位高程,0~20、20~40、40~60、60~80、80~100 cm共5个深度的沉积物样品,通过研究其总可转化态氮(TF-N)与各形态可转化态氮含量及分布特征,旨在揭示周期性水位变化对消落带沉积物氮释放的影响.结果表明,澎溪河消落带沉积物总氮含量在313.02~3 255.53 mg·kg-1之间,空间分布上呈上站位(渠口)中站位(高阳)下站位(双江)的趋势;总可转化态氮含量范围为288.54~1 123.27mg·kg-1,均值为639.40 mg·kg-1,空间分布趋势与总氮一致;TF-N中各形态氮的大小顺序为:OSF-N(有机态和硫化物结合态)IMOF-N(铁锰结合态)CF-N(碳酸盐结合态)IEF-N(离子交换态).沉积物中TF-N主要以OSF-N(50.9%)和IMOF-N(33.3%)形态存在.OSF-N很难释放,不易参与氮循环.IMOF-N受水文条件影响显著,表现为在低水位高程和下采样站位沉积物中含量更低.淹水胁迫、水体富营养化等情况下氧含量较低,相对还原条件下有利于其向水体释放.而TF-N及其形态分布在垂直深度上无显著差异.可见,三峡库区特殊调蓄水制度加速了澎溪河下游、低水位高程消落带沉积物中IMOF-N向水体的释放.     

微生物对汞矿区农田土壤汞甲基化的影响

为研究典型汞矿区农田土壤中汞的甲基化作用,实验以受汞污染的旱田土壤和稻田土壤为对象,分别进行灭菌,促进硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)活性处理,抑制SRB活性处理以及促进铁还原菌(FeRB)活性处理,分析非微生物作用和微生物作用对土壤甲基汞(MeHg)生成的影响.结果表明,促进SRB活性处理的土壤MeHg生成量最高,其中旱田土MeHg增量为0.15~0.38μg·kg~(-1),稻田土壤MeHg增量为1~2μg·kg~(-1);抑制SRB活性处理和促进FeRB活性处理的MeHg增量较小,最高值仅为0.025μg·kg~(-1).相比于旱田土壤,稻田土壤具有更高的汞甲基化能力,其MeHg生成量是旱田土壤的4~9倍.土壤SRB数量与MeHg生成量具有相同的变化趋势,二者具有显著的正相关性(R~2=0.57,P0.01).因此,该研究区土壤汞甲基化作用主要是微生物汞甲基化作用,且主要的汞甲基化细菌是SRB.此外,稻田是农田中MeHg生成的活跃地区,在评估和控制MeHg对人体健康危害时需要重点关注.     

Re-evaluation of thyroid hormone signaling antagonism of tetrabromobisphenol A for validating the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay

We developed the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay, which is supposed to be able to sensitively detect thyroid hormone(TH) signaling disruption of chemicals. The present study aimed to validate the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay by re-evaluating the TH signaling antagonism of tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA), a known TH signaling disruptor. According to the assay we developed, Xenopus tadpoles at stage 52 were exposed to 10–500 nmol/L TBBPA in the presence of 1 nmol/L T3. After 96 hr of exposure, TBBPA in the range of 10–500 nmol/L was found to significantly inhibit T3-induced morphological changes of Xenopus tadpoles in a concentration-dependent manner in term of body weight and four morphological endpoints including head area(HA), mouth width(MW), unilateral brain width/brain length(ULBW/BL), and hind-limb length/snout-vent length(HLL/SVL).The results show that these endpoints we developed are sensitive for characterizing the antagonistic effects of TBBPA on T3-induced metamorphosis. Following a 24-hr exposure,we found that TBBPA antagonized expression of T3-induced TH-response genes in the tail,which is consistent with previous findings in the intestine. We propose that the tail can be used as an alternative tissue to the intestine for examining molecular endpoints for evaluating TH signaling disruption. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the T3-induced Xenopus metamorphosis assay we developed is an ideal in vivo assay for detecting TH signaling disruption.     

同步脱氮除磷系统中两种颜色好氧颗粒污泥的微生物群落特征

为研究同步脱氮除磷系统中出现的WG（白色好氧颗粒污泥）外形特点及微生物群落特征,探究其成因,利用SEM（扫描电子显微镜）表征了系统中的WG与YG（黄色好氧颗粒污泥）的微观形态,并采用Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序平台对两种好氧颗粒污泥中细菌与真菌的群落组成进行研究.结果表明:WG结构疏松外形不规则,颗粒表面分布大量杆菌;而YG饱满紧实轮廓清晰,颗粒表面分布大量球菌.WG与YG的细菌群落组成相似,但真菌组成差异较大.与YG相比,WG具有更高的细菌和真菌多样性.变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）为WG和YG中的细菌优势门,其在WG中的相对丰度分别为68.85%和26.61%,在YG中的相对丰度分别为82.52%和12.30%.Candidatus competibacter、Candidatus accumulibacter和Chiayiivirga为WG中的优势属,相对丰度分别为22.13%、8.95%和7.37%;Candidatus competibacter、Chiayiivirga和Xanthomonas为YG中的优势属,相对丰度分别为47.94%、6.95%和7.06%.子囊菌门（Ascomycota）和Rozellomycota分别为WG与YG中真菌优势门,其在两个样品中的相对丰度分别为50.10%和81.77%.在属水平,WG中存在大量青霉属（Penicillium）和假丝酵母属（Candida）等丝状真菌,为WG的形成提供了框架.研究显示,当YG破碎成为小菌胶团后,附着在真菌框架上,造成了WG的快速形成,同时WG中Candidatus competibacter的相对丰度较低,使其外形疏松、透光性较好,呈现出白色.      

城市大气中臭氧浓度控制的困难与挑战——以成都市为例

研究城市化、工业化和区域经济一体化进程的不断加快,对城市大气环境的影响是当前大气环境领域研究的热点问题。在此过程中,利用空气质量模型模拟系统研究大气环境污染问题成为大气环境研究中不可缺少的组成部分。在当前空气污染复杂的形势下,针对城市大气环境中臭氧的浓度尚未有效的控制措施。研究主要利用Models-3/CMAQ空气质量模式对成都市臭氧浓度数值通过不同的控制情景进行模拟,揭示城市大气中臭氧浓度控制的困难与挑战,并尝试性提出今后的研究方向,以期为控制城市大气中臭氧浓度提供建议。     

Arsenic biotransformation and an arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase in plankton

<正>Arsenic(As)is a well-recognized toxicant and carcinogen.Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic causes a range of human cancers(e.g.,skin,bladder,and lung)and increases the risk of developing diabetes,hypertension,and cardiovascular and neurological diseases.The prevalence of arsenic species and the severity of their health effects continue to drive and demand for extensive research(Carlin et al.,2016).     

环境保护系统参与空间规划的思考与建议

空间规划体系下,环境规划在空间落地性以及精细化程度上存在短板。建议环境规划进一步完善生态保护红线制度,探索环境质量底线、环保负面清单的划定技术思路与技术路线,推动环境保护系统化参与空间规划。     

基于光学视频的冰区核电海面浮冰监测与分析系统设计

随着能源需求的不断扩大,大型核电工程已逐渐向有冰海域分布。海冰是有冰海域海洋活动的首要灾害性环境要素,冰区核电站正常运行的首要问题是如何保障冷源取水不受海冰灾害影响而失效。本文根据冰区海水直接利用工程的监测需求,分析了光学视频在特定小区域海面浮冰监测中的优势,并基于海冰灾害风险评估的理论框架和信息处理流程,初步设计了冰区核电海面浮冰监测与分析系统。系统建成后,结合实时监测数据和风险评估数据库,可以快速提供冷源取水堵塞风险和预警信息,为企业和有关部门及时有效的采取防灾措施提供依据。