采用氢氧化钠溶液循环浸出法脱除高砷阳极泥中的砷

采用氢氧化钠溶液循环浸出法处理高砷阳极泥（简称阳极泥）,考察了氢氧化钠溶液与阳极泥质量比（简称液固比）等因素对限极泥中砷、锑、铅浸出率的影响。在液固比为5、氢氧化钠浓度为2．0moL／L、反应温度为70～85℃、反应时间为8h的条件下,砷浸出率可达95％以上;含砷浸出液经硫化钠沉砷后可返回浸出工序重复使用,在硫化钠与砷质量比大于3时,浸出液沉砷率维持在80％以上,同时回用浸出工序后,砷浸出率达95％以上,且铅、锑流失率较低。     

开放式空气CO2浓度升高对水稻根系形态的影响

在FACE（free-air carbon dioxide enrichment）技术平台上，采用水培的研究方法，观测了大气CO2浓度升高和两种氮水平下水稻根系形态的变化。结果表明，在水稻各生育期，CO2浓度升高都极显著增加了根干质量，且主要增加于根粗为2．0～2．5mm／n的部位。根系形态的各项指标均对高CO2浓度有积极的响应，在抽穗期尤为明显；N处理的差异很明显，低氮条件下根系表现为根长、根尖数和根表面积增加，常氮条件下根粗和发根数增加。各生育期的根冠比在高CO2浓度下极显著增加，尤其在LN处理下。水稻从分蘖期到抽穗期，因地上部分的增幅大，根冠比表现为逐渐降低的趋势。     

SBR-混凝沉淀处理织棉漂白废水研究

研究了SBR－混凝沉淀工艺对织棉漂白废水的处理效果，结果表明，进水CODcr为1060mg/L，经SBR工艺处理，CODcr去除率达到79％。以聚铁－PAM作后续处理，可进一步把CODcr降到100mg/L以下，并能有效去除色度，去除度达94％，出水达到排放标准。该工艺是一种经济有效的可行方法。     

湖南省城镇生活垃圾总量预测研究

结合在社会系统中有一定应用的耗散结构理论的有关思想、方法和研究成果，对湖南省城镇生活垃圾总量进行建模预测，实际应用结果表明该模型具有结构简单、适用性强的特点，且预测值与实际值吻合较好。     

Effect of photosensitizer riboflavin on the fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in a freshwater environment

The effect of riboflavin (1 microM) on the fate of TNT (20 mg/l) in a natural water environment was studied. The relative contribution of photolysis, microbial assemblages and freshwater matrix to TNT degradation was examined. The rates, extent and products of TNT and riboflavin transformation were compared under different experimental conditions. It was found that riboflavin significantly enhanced the degradation of TNT in natural water environment. Thus it is a potentially useful photosensitizing agent for the treatment of TNT-contaminated surface water. Furthermore, in the presence of riboflavin, two new intermediates with max. absorption wavelength of 230 nm were found, demonstrating that transformation of TNT in the presence of riboflavin undergoes different pathways.     

废弃铅锌冶炼厂重金属污染场地的健康风险评价

通过对广西某废弃铅锌冶炼厂区进行布点采样、监测分析,选取Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As六种重金属元素作为评价因子,对污染场地进行健康风险评价.结果显示,指数评价法表明厂区污染状况为废渣＞＞建筑垃圾＞土壤,Cd ＞Zn ＞As ＞Pb ＞Cu＞ Cr,土壤受到中度污染,废渣和建筑垃圾受到重度污染.健康风险评价法表明土壤、废渣和建筑垃圾的危害商分别为2.032、13.891、2.975,非致癌危害废渣＞＞建筑垃圾＞土壤;Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、As的危害商分别为0.053、0.118、0.184、7.001、11.542,非致癌危害As ＞Cd ＞Cr＞Zn ＞Cu.土壤、废渣和建筑垃圾的致癌风险分别为5.387E-04、7.954E-04、2.455E-04,致癌危害废渣＞土壤＞建筑垃圾;As、Cd、Cr的致癌风险分别为5233E-04、2.400E-05、1.032E-03,致癌危害Cr＞As ＞Cd.综上,人体健康危害废渣＞建筑垃圾＞土壤,主要危害元素为As、Cd、Cr.     

包装印刷的环境性能及绿色化对策探讨

绿色环保已成为新世纪的发展主题，包装印刷的绿色化问题已成为阻碍包装印刷工业持续发展的大问题。对此，在研究了现行各种包装印刷技术的环境性能，及包装印刷材料中油墨的环境性能的基础上，从总体上探讨了包装印刷绿色化五个方面的发展对策：发展无醇印刷和无水胶印技术，发展环保柔性版印刷技术，发展环保油墨，发展直接制版技术(CTP)和数字化印刷技术，发展废弃物处理技术。     

宏量和微量元素在炉内喷钙脱硫过程中的作用

研究添加粉煤灰对脱硫过程的作用,实验在滴管炉上进行,温度为１２００℃,结果表明,一些宏量元素的金属氧化物对脱硫过程具有催化作用,但这种催化作用随Ｆｅ２Ｏ３掺加量的改变而变化,先升高后降低,有一个最佳值;一些微量元素的金属氧化物对脱硫过程更强的催化氧化作用,当ＭｎＯ２的掺加量为３％时,充效率提高近１倍。     

Trends of environmental accidents and impact factors in China

An overview of the spatial and temporal variations of the environmental accidents in China in recent years was presented in this paper using available data. The results showed that the frequency of pollution accidents was significantly decreased, from 3462 in 1990 to 462 in 2007. The water and air pollution accidents were found to be the dominant types, accounting for more than 80% of the total accidents. Considering the classification of environmental accidents at 4 scales, the general environmental accident, i.e., the least serious type, was the most frequent event, taking up 58.98% of the total pollution accidents. In addition, the distribution of environmental accidents was generally in accordance with the industrial layout in the country during the past decade. It is very important to note that the extraordinarily severe environmental accidents showed an increasing trend in underdeveloped regions, which was caused by the transfer and the development of heavy polluted industry in these areas. As to the losses of environmental accidents, the casualties presented an obvious reduction tendency, while the direct economic loss per accident tended to climb up. Furthermore, some key factors that affect the spatial and temporal tendencies of environmental accidents in China were discussed and some suggestions were put forward, hoping to shed light on environmental risk management and emergency plans making associated with environmental accidents in China.