Mixing regime shapes the community assembly process, microbial interaction and proliferation of cyanobacterial species Planktothrix in a stratified lake

Lake mixing influences aquatic chemical properties and microbial community composition,and thus, we hypothesized that it would alter microbial community assembly and interaction. To clarify this issue, we explored the community assembly processes and cooccurrence networks in four seasons at two depths(epilimnion and hypolimnion) in a mesotrophic and stratified lake(Chenghai Lake), which formed stratification in the summer and turnover in the winter. During the stratification period, the epilimni...     

核废料处置关系人类安全

随着核装置、核力量使用的普及,不仅存在着战争和对抗中由意想不到的差错、事故所造成的巨大危险,还有因核武器制造、核能和平利用过程中出现的种种事故、差错、疏忽大意而造成的惨状。如何处理核电站产生的核废料,成为令各国头疼的问题,全球科学家一直在研究如何处理核废料,中国也不例外。     

Site-specific adsorption of 1,3-dinitrobenzene to bacterial surfaces: a mechanism of n-pi electron-donor-acceptor interactions

Surface and subsurface contamination with nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) has drawn considerable attention, and biosorption may play an important role in the fate and transport of these compounds in the environment. We studied the sorption of polar 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) as a representative NAC and 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile and nonpolar phenanthrene and 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene from the aqueous phase to two common bacteria, gram-negative Escherichia coli and gram-positive Bacillus subtilis. Sorption of DNB is highly nonlinear and is well described by the Langmuir model and shows the highest capacity among all tested solutes (up to 2.4% of E. coli biomass and 7.6% of B. subtilis biomass by weight) despite the lowest solute hydrophobicity. These results indicate that strong specific sorptive interactions exist between DNB and bacterial surfaces. We propose a mechanism of n-pi electron-donor-acceptor interactions between the oxygen electron pairs of deprotonated carboxyl groups (electron donors) of bacterial surfaces and DNB (electron acceptor). Biosorption of DNB increases with deprotonation of functional groups as pH increases, which rules out hydrophobic effects and H-bonding as major sorption driving forces because they are both favored by protonation of functional groups as pH decreases.     

长庆油田五里湾采油污水絮凝实验研究

针对五里湾采油污水含油量、悬浮物、细菌含量高、成垢离子含量较高的特点,文章通过对pH值、除铁剂、絮凝剂、加药间隔时间进行优选,得出适宜的絮凝条件:pH值为7.5、除铁剂加量为40mg/L,无机絮凝剂加量为40mg/L、有机絮凝剂加量为1.0mg/L、加药间隔时间为30s。分析了处理前后的水质,并进行了与地层水的配伍性实验。结果表明:处理后水质达到《碎屑岩油藏注水水质推荐指标及分析方法》SY/T5329—94中回注水水质标准,并且水质稳定,与地层水配伍性良好。     

4-Alkylphenols and related chemicals show similar effect on the function of human and rat estrogen receptor alpha in reporter gene assay

Alkylphenols (APs) are widely used as important industrial materials and have attracted lots of attention because of their potential estrogenic activities. In this study, we developed human estrogen receptor alpha (hERalpha) and rat estrogen receptor alpha (rERalpha) mediated reporter gene assays and compared the estrogenic activity of APs and related chemicals based on the two ERalpha. Human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was co-transfected with Gal4-fused hERalpha and corresponding reporter plasmid; African green monkey kidney cell line CV-1 was co-transfected with rERalpha and reporter gene. Both assays showed acceptable response to natural estrogen 17beta-estradiol (E2) with EC50 of 0.16 nM and 4.7 nM. Then the estrogenic activity of 4-APs, 4-phenylphenol and bisphenol-A were evaluated and compared with the effects of E2. The data suggested that test APs and related chemicals possessed weakly estrogenic activity and the activity of test APs increased with the increase of substituent size. This structure-activity relationship helped to infer the activity of chemicals with similar feature. Furthermore, test APs showed similar effect on the function of hERalpha and rERalpha. This consistency helped to extrapolate in vivo rodent data to human being when performing risk assessment of endocrine disruptors.     

陕西市县农业气象灾害监测预警业务系统研究

分析修正了陕西主要农业气象灾害指标和农作物气候适应性域;利用Delphi、VC 、VB与SQL Server等开发工具,开发了一套基于Client/Server结构的市县农业气象灾害监测预警系统.该系统主要由农业气象灾害数据管理、农业气象成灾条件分析、农作物全程气象适应性监测、农业气象灾害监测、农业气象灾害预警组成.     

高陡岩质边坡抗震稳定性的三维有限元分析

岩质边坡在地震作用下稳定性的计算一般采用拟静力法和有限单元法,拟静力法因应用简便而得到大量应用,至今广泛应用于边坡的抗震计算。建立了某溢洪道引渠左侧整体边坡三维有限元模型,选用ADINA软件并采用拟静力法对三维模型进行了抗震稳定性计算和分析,结合有限元分析的结果,提出溢洪道引渠左侧整体边坡抗震措施和建议。     

凤眼莲在城市重污染河道修复中的应用

外港河是秦淮河重要支流,长期以来遭受严重污染。2006年4月份起对外港河进行了综合生态治理。在前期清淤和截污的基础上,7月份开始引种凤眼莲。在上游排污口附近和外港河河口段分别设置的4个生态区以及河面上布设的水面载体内全面放养以凤眼莲为主的浮水植物。经过5个多月的初步治理,外港河水体透明度从40 cm以下提高到120 cm左右,COD下降了70.4％,TSS、TN和NH₃-N分别下降了39.6％、49.7％和21.8％。结果证明,凤眼莲在净化严重污染的河道方面起到了良好的效果,引种凤眼莲治理城市重污染河道是切实可行的;此外,用PVC管设计制作的水面载体来放养浮水植物可以点缀水面环境,美化城市河道景观。     

积极控制环境污染的发展

在“六五”期间,我国的环境保护事业取得了很大成绩。但是,我们面临的环境问题很多,特别是环境污染还很严重。我们必须认真总结经验,找出符合我国国情的对策,在“七五”期间使我国的环境保护工作能有一个大的进展。 做好我国的环境保护工作,特别是使环境污染得到有效的控制,首先是要有适当的     

Synergistic effects in Mn-Co mixed oxide supported on cordierite honeycomb for catalytic deep oxidation of VOCs

A series of Co-Mn mixed oxide catalyst supported on a cordierite monolith was facilely synthesized by ultrasonic impregnation. Its catalytic performance was evaluated in the combustion of toluene, ethyl acetate and its mixture. It was observed that with incorporating Mn into Co₃O₄, the formation of solid solution with spinel structure could significantly improve the catalytic activity of pure phase Co₃O₄. And the monolithic Co_0.67Mn_0.33...