危险化学品从业单位安全标准化风险评价方法的选择与应用

通过对工作危害分析法等8种常用的风险评价方法的评价目的、特点、适用范围、应用条件以及优缺点进行比较和分析,针对危化品从业单位实施安全标准化过程中风险评价方法的选择,提出了意见和建议。     

柔性电解去污技术概述

为保护人员健康和环境安全,核设施长期运行及未来退役时必须高度重视放射性污染防治。柔性电解去污技术一直是电解去污技术研究发展方向之一,是去除金属表面放射性污染的有效方法。本文介绍了电解去污技术特别是柔性电解去污技术在日本的发展,概述了几种具有代表性的技术应用实例。通过与中国电解去污技术发展水平的比较,提出未来中国电解去污技术的研究发展应该与其它去污技术整和、与现场条件相结合,建议开发硝酸体系的系列电解液配方和柔性电解去污装置。     

坡度分析在昆明盆地断层分段中的应用

地面坡度是反映地形地貌变化的关键因子,应用坡度分析一定程度上可以反映断层的展布特征。本文收集整理昆明市区附近千余份钻孔数据,筛选其中238个钻孔进行钻孔层序分层和数据库的建设,使用ArcScene软件生成研究区地表、海埂组(QhH)底部以及官渡组(Qp3G)底部地层面的三维地质模型。应用ArcGIS软件中坡度分析模块,获得各个界面的坡度图,从坡度变化特征方面对研究区5条主要断层的活动性与分段特征进行了初步探讨。     

墨西哥湾“深水地平线”钻井平台事故分析与反思

对美国墨西哥湾“深水地平线”钻井平台爆炸事故进行了原因分析,总结了事故的经验教训,并从技术、管理、应急救援体系、技术研发4个方面为中国石化提出了预防类似事故的建议措施。     

环境质量监测常规数据管理措施的探讨

环境质量常规监测数据是指在人类活动中产生的与环境相关的原始性、基础性数据,以及按照不同需求系统加工整理的各类数据集。只有加强环境质量常规监测数据（资料）使用的规范化,才能发挥环境质量常规监测数据在各项环境建设、经济和社会发展中的作用,更好地为环境保护事业服务。     

Migration of manganese and iron during the adsorption-regeneration cycles for arsenic removal

Fe-Mn binary oxide incorporated into porous diatomite (FMBO-diatomite) was prepared in situ and regenerated in a fixed-bed column for arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] removal. Four consecutive adsorption cycles were operated under the following conditions: Initial arsenic concentration of 0.1 mg·L⁻¹, empty bed contact time of 5 min, and pH 7.0. About 3000, 3300, 3800, and 4500 bed volumes of eligible effluent (arsenic concentration ⩽ 0.01 mg·L⁻¹) were obtained in four As (III) adsorption cycles; while about 2000, 2300, 2500, and 3100 bed volumes of eligible effluent were obtained in four As(V) adsorption cycles. The dissection results of FMBO-diatomite fixed-bed exhibited that small amounts of manganese and iron were transferred from the top of the fixed-bed to the bottom of the fixed-bed during As(III) removal process. Compared to the extremely low concentration of iron (<0.01 mg·L⁻¹), the fluctuation concentration of Mn²⁺ in effluent of the As(III) removal column was in a range of 0.01–0.08 mg·L⁻¹. The release of manganese suggested that manganese oxides played an important role in As(III) oxidation. Determined with the US EPA toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), the leaching risk of As(III) on exhausted FMBO-diatomite was lower than that of As(V).     

Surface protection method for the magnetic core using covalent organic framework shells and its application in As(III) depth removal from acid wastewater

Fe₃O₄-based materials are widely used for magnetic separation from wastewater. However, they often suffer from Fe-leaching behavior under acidic conditions, decreasing their activity and limiting sustainable practical applications. In this study, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were used as the shell to protect the Fe₃O₄ core, and the Fe₃O₄@COF core-shell composites were synthesized for As(III) removal from acid wastewater. The imine-linked COFs can in situ grow on the surface of the Fe₃O₄ core layer by layer with [COFs/Fe₃O₄]_mol ratio of up to 2:1. The Fe-leaching behavior was weakened over a wide pH range of 1-13. Moreover, such composites keep their magnetic characteristic, making them favorable for nanomaterial separation. As(III) batch adsorption experiments results indicated that, when COFs are used as the shell for the Fe₃O₄ core, a balance between As(III) removal efficiencies and the thickness of the COF shell exists. Higher As(III) removal efficiencies are obtained when the [COFs/Fe₃O₄]_mol ratios were < 1.5:1, but thicker COF shells were not beneficial for As(III) removal. Such composites also exhibited better As(III) removal performances in the pH range of 1–7. Over a wide pH range, the zeta potential of Fe₃O₄@COF core-shell composites becomes more positive, which benefits the capture of negative arsenic ions. In addition, thinner surface COFs were favorable for mass transfer and facilitating the reaction of Fe and As elements. Our study highlights the promise of using COFs in nanomaterial surface protection and achieving As(III) depth removal under acidic conditions.     

The association between maternal perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and early attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Some studies have shown that maternal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may be associated with early attention deficit hyperactivity...     

Resource and Environmental Issues in Transitional China: A Perspective from the Interaction Among Market,Government and Society

Abstract

Along with the rapid growth of economy in the postreform period after 1979, China has faced severe problems of resource overusing and environmental degradation which would threaten the sustainable development of economy and society. This article explores an effective mechanism of managing resource and environment in China. It examines some major resource and environmental issues, and constructs a framework of institution innovation to cover three sectors (government, market and society). In addition, the article analyzes their experience and evaluation in resource management and environmental conservation during the transitional period. We argue that the combination of market regulation, government intervention and public participation is an effective way of allocating resource and protecting environment. Some suggestions are put forward to balance the relationship between them, including coordinating role of government and market, building platform for market operation and creating an atmosphere of public participation.