硝化细菌富集技术分析及方法研究

在分析硝化细菌特性的基础上,研究探讨了利用提高基质浓度来富集硝化细菌的可行性,并比较了不同培养方式及富集前后活性污泥中硝化细菌的浓度。试验结果表明,当温度为30℃、pH=6.5～8.0、DO>2mg/L时,经过12～13周的富集培养,污泥中硝化菌浓度可达2.0×18~8(MPN)/g(MLSS),是未经富集污泥中硝化菌浓度的12.5～20倍。     

自制ZSM-5分子筛对甲苯气体的吸附-脱附性能

考察了自制ZSM-5分子筛对甲苯气体的吸附-脱附性能,并与市售MCM-22分子筛进行了对比实验。实验结果表明:在吸附温度为25℃、进口甲苯质量浓度为840mg/m3、吸附气体流速为0.016m/s、床层高度为15cm的条件下,出口甲苯质量浓度达到0.8mg/m3时的穿透时间为82min,吸附效率为4.26mg/g;在脱附温度为80℃、脱附气体流速为0.016m/s的条件下,脱附35min时出口甲苯质量浓度达到最大,为1220mg/m3。自制ZSM-5分子筛的吸附-脱附性能优于市售MCM-22分子筛。     

流域水生态功能分区方法与指标体系探讨

水生态功能分区是识别流域水生态系统特征、结构与功能的主要依据,它能够反映区域水生态系统的主要生态功能状况及其所面临的潜在压力。因此,建立基于生态功能分区的水质管理技术体系,是中国水生态管理的必然发展趋势,也是国际水质管理的前沿方向。拟从水生态功能分区的研究现状,比较国内外相关的研究工作,探讨不同等级生态分区方法及指标体系的构建依据。     

An overview of emissions of SO2 and NOx and the long-range transport of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen pollutants in East Asia

The long-range transport of oxidized sulfur(sulfur dioxide(SO_2) and sulfate) and oxidized nitrogen(nitrogen oxides(NO_x ) and nitrate) in East Asia is an area of increasing scientific interest and political concern. This paper reviews various published papers, including ground- and satellite-based observations and numerical simulations. The aim is to assess the status of the anthropogenic emissions of SO_2 and NO_x and the long-range transport of oxidized S and N pollutants over source and downwind region. China has dominated the emissions of SO_2 and NO_x in East Asia and urgently needs to strengthen the control of their emissions, especially NO_x emissions. Oxidized S and N pollutants emitted from China are transported to Korea and Japan, due to persistent westerly winds, in winter and spring.However, the total contributions of China to S and N pollutants across Korea and Japan were not found to be dominant over longer time scales(e.g., a year). The source–receptor relationships for oxidized S and N pollutants in East Asia varied widely among the different studies. This is because:(1) the nonlinear effects of atmospheric chemistry and deposition processes were not well considered, when calculating the source–receptor relationships;(2) different meteorological and emission data inputs and solution schemes for key physical and chemical processes were used; and(3) different temporal and spatial scales were employed. Therefore, simulations using the same input fields and similar model configurations would be of benefit, to further evaluate the source–receptor relationships of the oxidized S and N pollutants.     

典型氧化还原环境中微塑料表面的微生物群落组成特征与构建机制

微塑料广泛分布在微生物驱动的生物地球化学循环中,其表面会富集独特特征的微生物群落,构成微塑料圈（plastisphere）.自然环境中广泛存在的多种氧化还原环境不仅会影响微塑料圈中微生物群落的组成,还会影响微塑料的最终归宿.为探究典型氧化还原环境中微塑料表面的微生物群落组成特征与构建机制,将3种微塑料PHA （聚羟基脂肪酸酯）、PLA （聚乳酸）和PVC （聚氯乙烯）放置于好氧、硝酸盐还原、铁氧化物还原、硫酸盐还原和产甲烷这5种典型氧化还原环境中,利用污泥作为接种物,进行微宇宙模拟培养实验.结果表明,在分类学和系统发育学上,微塑料因子分别影响了微塑料表面18.94%和46.67%的微生物群落,氧化还原环境因子分别影响了微塑料表面31.04%和90.00%的微生物群落.与污泥相比较,3种微塑料表面富集的微生物群落丰富度和均匀度均降低,其中降低最明显的是更易降解的PHA微塑料,而难降解的PLA和PVC微塑料表面的微生物群落变化特征相似.PHA微塑料表面富集的微生物中,Anaerocolumna（26.44%）为其优势菌种,较少富集与氧化还原反应相关的特征菌群;PLA和PVC中,Clostridium_sensu_stricto_7 （15.49%和11.87%）为其优势菌种,且显著富集与氧化还原反应相关的特征菌群,表明与氧化还原反应相关的特征菌群更易于富集在难降解的微塑料表面,进而可能对生物地球化学循环速率造成影响.     

白龙港污水处理厂处理工艺比较分析

在对上海污水治理二期工程白龙港排放口水质进行监测分机和模拟处理试验的基础上，根据不同的排放标准，对白龙港污水处理厂处理工艺分别提出了不同方案并作了技术、经济比较分机。提出如果执行《污水综台排放标准》，可以采用化学法 悬浮粒子接触氧化法处理工艺；如果执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》，可以采用A／0生物法处理工艺。     

Improved lithium-ion batteries with coral-like anodes made of recycled spherical porous silicon coated with nitrogen-doped carbon

Environmental Chemistry Letters - With the development of the silicon smelting industry, the increase of microsilica waste has become a serious concern calling...